Anatomy of Civil Engineering

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Anatomy of

Civil

Engineering

Photo: installation of the mobile, first floor of OneGreat George Street, view of Infinity Bridge and

Velvet Mill models

Mobile composed of engineering models, in therotunda of One Great George Street.

The London region of the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE London) presents

this 30 metre mobile, Anatomy of Civil Engineering, in celebration of theLondon Festival of Architecture, 19 June 4 July 2010.

Each component represents a key infrastructure project developed byconsultancies within the capital. These projects include: Thames WatersLondon Tideway Tunnels pumping station; Kings Cross station roof; the InfinityBridge; the Halley VI Antarctic Research Station; the London 2012 Olympicstadium; the qr5 wind turbine, the Xstrata Treetop Walkway at Kew Gardens;the Eel Net Bridge; the Velvet Mill; the Martello Tower and the Hy-pavilion.

The participating consultancies are Price & Myers, AECOM, Arup, Expedition,Buro Happold, quietrevolutionTM and Jane Wernick Associates.


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London Tideway Tunnels, Lee Tunnel, BecktonPumping Station

Model on loan from AECOM

Computer generated images of how the Beckton Pumping Station will look when it is built


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Thames Water is planning the construction of the London Tideway Tunnels -

the Lee Tunnel and the Thames Tunnel to substantially reduce the volume of

untreated sewage discharged from Londons Victorian sewers into the River

Thames and its tributary the River Lee. These discharges occur due to lack of

capacity in the capitals existing sewer network and only a few millimetres of

rainfall can trigger a discharge. Together, the Lee and Thames Tunnel storm

water interception and storage schemes will ensure the city has a sewerage

system fit for the 21st

Century and beyond.

The Lee Tunnel will transfer the 16 million cubic metres of sewage discharged

into the lower River Lee at Abbey Mills Pumping Station to Beckton Sewage

Treatment Works. Discharges at Abbey Mills currently take place up to 55

times a year and at rates of over 50 cubic metres per second. The proposed

Thames Tunnel, currently in the early design phase, will intercept a further 34

storm overflows.

Thames Water commissioned AECOM to carry out the reference design for the

Lee Tunnel which will be nearly seven kilometres long with an inside diameter

of 7.2 metres - approximately the same diameter as the Channel Tunnel.

Construction is scheduled to start in June 2010 and finish in 2014. The

pumping station, to be constructed at Beckton, will empty the tunnel and

discharge flows to an extended Beckton Sewage Treatment Works for full

treatment.


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Kings Cross Western Concourse Roof, London

Model on loan from Arup

John McAslan and Partners


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The Kings Cross Western Concourse Roofconsists of a lightweight diagrid

shell, supported by perimeter tree columns and a central funnel structure. The

roof is structurally independent from the Grade 1 listed Western Range

Building. The envelope and structure are highly integrated and maintain

elegance of form whilst exploiting the advantages of modularity and repetition

in both the structural and envelope components, to provide economy in

fabrication and erection.

The concourse roof is part of Network Rails major redevelopment of Kings

Cross station. The refurbishment programme includes a new concourse

between St. Pancras and Kings Cross featuring the unique roof and

refurbishment of the existing Western Range Building and ticket hall. The

existing southern concourse will be replaced by a new public square revealing

the historic Kings Cross faade.

The redevelopment of Kings Cross station will create a new interchange facility

with London Underground and St Pancras stations. The iconic sweeping space

will provide a fitting gateway to welcome those people arriving to the capital for

the Olympics.

Designers Arup and John McAslan and Partners


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Infinity Bridge, Stockton-On-TeesModel on loan from Expedition


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Infinity Bridge, the 180 metre long footbridge across the River Tees in Stockton was

Expeditions response to English Partnerships brief, calling for an iconic structure to

form a focal part of the major Tees Valley Regeneration project North Shore - but at a

relatively modest price. The successful competition design was by Expedition

Engineering and Spence Associates. The subsequent design was led by Expedition.

The original design competition involved a novel method of consultation. Local

residents voted for their preferred design, choosing from designs printed on beermats. The bridge was considered very much a Tees Valley regional project, so

regular meetings were held with the council, Regional Development Agency and

British Waterways as the design progressed, to ensure that all views and interests

were taken into account.

Following the opening ceremony in May 2009, the footbridge has become a well

loved local landmark. The elegant and flowing double bow form of the bridge is a

logical response to the structural demands on it, a lean and mean example of form

following function. This is not a bridge where fancy frills are allowed, instead, delight

is provided through the careful and rational resolution of detail. The product of many

heated tea-time battles, this is a design born of passion, with seven 5 tonne tuned

mass dampers to make sure that it doesnt wobble.

Client English Partnerships/Stockton-on-Tees Borough Council

Lead Designer Expedition

Winner of Supreme Award for Structural Engineering Excellence 2009

Structural Awards: Winner of Award for Pedestrian Bridges 2009

ICE Stephenson Award: Winner of 4m+ Category 2009

Constructing Excellence Awards: North East - Project of the Year 2009

Concrete Society: Civil Engineering Project of the Year 2009

International Green Apple Gold Award for Civic Pride: New Build 2009RIBA Awards: North East Region 2010


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Halley VI Antarctic Research Station, AntarcticaModel on loan from Expedition


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Expedition teamed up with Hopkins and Atelier 10 for a competition to design the

Halley VI Antarctic Research Station. Expedition and two others were selected from

a pool of over 80 of the best design teams from around the world, and paid to develop

designs through to a late stage in the competition, before the final selection was

made.

This is an astonishingly challenging site, located 10,000 miles from the UK and 3,000

miles from anything useful to a construction project. Additionally, the ice-pack onwhich the station is located moves seaward at up to 1 kilometre a year and the snow

accumulates around the station at a rate of 1.5 metres per year. These factors led

Expeditions team to design two 800 tonne buildings that could literally step-up each

year to deal with the accumulated snow and could walk inland when the need arose.

Unfortunately, Expeditions team did not win the contract in the end. However, one

day perhaps, theyll find another project that needs a walking building.

Client British Antarctic Survey

Architect Hopkins Architects

Environmental Engineer Atelier 10

Structural & Civil Engineer Expedition


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London 2012 Olympic Stadium, StratfordModel on loan from Buro Happold

Stadium images ODA


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The London 2012 Olympic Stadium has been designed to be a low-impact,sustainable solution. The stadium will accommodate a capacity of 80,000 spectators

for the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games, and can be converted for a reduced

capacity in the long term.

The innovative design features a lightweight, cable-supported roof, and a simple de-

mountable superstructure. Catering and retail outlets are grouped around the podium

in pods. The stadium will provide facilities for elite athletes, the media and the

Games Family, and these will include changing areas, an indoor final warm-up track,

race management space, restaurants and bars, press conference rooms, broadcast

studio space and all necessary support and service facilities.

The model of the stadium was constructed to enable wind tunnel testing. The aim of

the testing is to verify expected wind pressures on the structural elements of the

building, which informs specific load cases to be considered in the structural analysis.

The model was constructed and tested in 2008 following the Scheme Design

completion. The stadium design has continued to evolve, in particular, with the

development of the pavilion to the west of the stadium which will accommodate

Games Family facilities during the Games.

Client Olympic Delivery Authority

Design and Build Contractor Sir Robert McAlpine

Architect Populous

Services provided by Buro Happold Structural engineering, building services

engineering, civil engineering, geotechnical engineering, geoenvironmental consultancy, fire

engineering, inclusive design consultancy, security consultancy, sustainability advice,

computational simulation and analysis, design management, CDM co-ordinator services


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qr5 Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

Model on loan from quietrevolutionTM


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The qr5 vertical axis wind turbine has been developed wholly in the UK by

quietrevolution and represents an opportunity for Britain to lead the world in

small vertical axis wind technology. Unlike traditional wind generating

schemes, the unique and innovative design of the qr5 makes efficient use of

wind conditions found near buildings, where wind direction frequently changes

from minute to minute. The qr5 is ideally suited for use on larger buildings,

offices, residential blocks, schools, and other similar scale developments.

It is compact at five metres high and three metres in diameter, and allows for

easy integration into existing buildings and offices. It is also very quiet its

triple helix form and vertical rotation axis virtually eliminates noise and

vibration, which is critical for use in built up areas.

The quietrevolution turbine normally sits on a six or three metre mast when

roof-mounted, and a fifteen metre mast when ground-mounted. Current

installations include turbine systems on the science block at Kings College

School in Wimbledon, the Mercedes-Benz headquarters outside Milton Keynes,

several Network Rail sites around the country and Sainsburys stores in

Greenwich and Dartmouth.

A further 100 sites have planning approval and the turbines will be installed as

soon as theyve been manufactured. These sites include large retailers,

government buildings, schools and universities across the UK.


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Xstrata Treetop Walkway, Kew GardensModel on loan from Jane Wernick Associates


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The Xstrata Treetop Walkway at Kew Gardens enables visitors of all ages and

physical abilities to experience the tree canopy in an arboretum that was originally

laid out by Capability Brown. It replaces a temporary walkway through the redwoods

that was made of scaffolding in 2003.

It is approximately 190 metres long and 18 metres high, and is accessed by either

stairs or a lift. The use of weathering steel was suggested by the head

arboroculturalist as this material has a colour that blends wells with nature yet looksman-made, and does not need re-painting in the future.

The models of the main node were used to aid discussion on how the pieces of plate

should be connected and the internal stiffeners arranged.

Architects Marks Barfield Architects

Services Engineers Atelier 10Interpretation Engineered Arts

Quantity Surveyor Fanshawe

Construction cost 3m

Winner of Structural Steel Award 2009Winner of a RIBA London Region Award 2009Winner of the ICE London Merit Award for Best Integrated Design 2009Winner of a Civic Trust Award 2009Winner of Conde Naste Traveller Innovation and Design Awards 2008

Jane Wernick Associates Ltd. was founded in August 1998. Since then the practice hasbeen involved in a wide range of buildings and structures, from private homes to largeinstitutional buildings, from furniture and exhibition stands to the extension of the cemeteryisland in Venice. A large number of the projects have contributed to the regeneration of thecities in which they were built, such as the Young Vic Theatre in London and the Figge ArtCentre in Des Moines, Iowa. The aim of the practice is to remain involved in the designprocess, by seeing the structural engineering as one component of the total design. The

practice is led by Jane Wernick, who previously worked for Ove Arup & Partners as anAssociate Director. There, her most notable project was the Millennium Wheel. She hasrecently given the practice to an employee benefit trust.


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Eel Net Bridge, LondonModel on loan from Price & Myers


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The Eel Net Bridge is a competition-winning design for the Minet County Park

crossing in Southall, London by architects Hakes Associates with Price &

Myers Consulting Engineers.

This 130 metre long bridge has two arched spans linked by an inverted arch

supporting structure. The freeform concept was developed and rationalised to

be based on trimmed hyperbolic paraboloid geometry. This allowed the mainstructural arches to be an efficient and elegant parabolic shape. The trussed

infill to the arch is made up of straight tubes that follow the form of the

underlying geometry. The bridge is currently in planning.

The model is comprised of a lightweight copper tubing structure that

demonstrates the geometry of the bridge. An artwork in itself, it has been

shown at the Royal Academy Summer Exhibition, the London Festival of

Architecture and the100% Design Show London.

Architect Hakes Associates

Structural Engineers Price & Myers

Model A Models


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Velvet Mill, Bradford

Model on loan from Price & Myers


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The scale model of the Velvet Mill in balsa wood is one pod of a 100 metre

long 15 million rooftop extension containing 30 flats on top of a converted

Velvet Mill in Bradford. The two storey roof scheme is inspired by plaited yarns

of silk, once produced by the mill. Each unit has an apparently complex double

curved form that is made up of plywood beams and specially tailored plywood

skin panels. A simple curved structure supports the pods and transfers loads

onto the fragile mill building below. The project was completed in 2010.

Client Urban Splash

Architect David Morley Architects


Model A Models


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Martello Tower, SuffolkModel on loan from Price & Myers


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This structure had been designated as a nationally important archaeological

monument by English Heritage when the project began to turn this derelict

building into a habitable private residence. Price & Myers was involved from

the beginning, working with the architects and English Heritage to assess the

condition of the existing masonry and timber structure.

A specially designed steel and timber roof with frameless glass below wasconstructed to float above the original tower. The geometry of the new roof is

based on the complex relationship between the curved plan of the tower and

the double curved form of the roof. The project was completed in 2005.

The 3D printed model was created by Cadventure for the London Architecture

Biennale in 2006 and has been shown in the Crypt of St Pancras Church, the

House of Detention in Clerkenwell, and the 100% Design Show London.

Architect Piercy Conner Architects


Model Cadventure


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Price & Myers Hy-pavilion

Model on loan from Price & Myers


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This landmark pavilion structure designed by Price & Myers is playing host to a

series of events throughout the London Festival of Architecture 2010. It can

currently be found within New London Architectures urban pocket park, for

their festival event We Love Store Street.

Price & Myers; working with Finnforest, m-tec, Millimetre, and Commercial

Systems International, designed the pavilion in the form of two intersecting

hyperbolic paraboloids, arranged at 90 degrees to each other. This forms a

stable triangulated structure, providing a 360 degree stage and venue for talks,

events, and theatre.

The model was created by Millimetre to determine how the bungee cords and

canopy would function within the Kerto edge beams.

Designer and structural engineer Price & Myers

Contractor Commercial Systems International Ltd

Canopy and bungees Millimetre

Kerto engineered timber Finnforest

Steel m-tec


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Meads Reach Bridge, BristolModel on loan from Price & Myers


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This competition-winning footbridge spans 55 metres over the floating harbour

in Bristol. It is constructed entirely from stainless steel and was lifted into place

using one of Europes largest cranes. Patterns of stress are represented on

the surface of the bridge with 50,000 laser cut holes.

The construction process involved creating a detailed 3D computer model of

the entire structure, including all the holes. This enabled each component to be

laser cut from stainless steel sheets. The footbridge was completed in 2008.

The 3D printed model was created by Warwick University for the London

Architecture Biennale in 2006 and has been shown in the Crypt of St Pancras

Church, the House of Detention in Clerkenwell, and the 100% Design Show

London.

Architect Niall McLaughlin Architects


Sculptor Martin Richman

Model Warwick University

RIBA Regional Award 2009

ACE Engineering Excellence Awards, Highly Commended 2009


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Installation of the Anatomy of Civil Engineering mobile

Miranda Housden,

Regional Director, ICE London

Katherine Abraham, Transport for London

Regional Committee member, ICE London

Tim Lucas, Price & MyersStructural engineer leading the installation

David Davies, AtkinsRegional Committee member, ICE London


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One Great George Street

WestminsterLondon SW1P 3AA

t +44 (0)20 7222 7722f +44 (0)20 7222 7500

ice.org.uk/london

Anatomy of Civil Engineering

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