In this picture we see all the eight different

directional terms on display. We see where

each part is specifically placed.

Terms descr ib ing body s tructures In this issue:

Discussing

directional terms

How our body ’s re la te to compasses

The compass rose is a great

way to explain directional

terms. Just like a compass’s

east, west south and north,

the eight directional terms

are used to describe the

locations of structures in

relation to other structures

in the body.

Anatomical areas & location terms Megan Corradino Monday, septemeber

Directions and planes of the body..

Directional Terms

Directional terms are used to describe exactly where one body structure is in relation to another. They are used as-suming that the body is standing with feet only slightly apart and the palms facing forward (called the anatomical

position)

Superior = towards or at the upper part

of a structure

inferior = towards or at the lower part

of a structure

Anterior = towards or at the front of a

body

Posterior = towards or at the back of

the body

Medial = Towards or at the midline of

the body/ on the inner side

Lateral = Away from the midline of the

body/ on the outer side

Each directional term often has a counterpart with converse or opposite meaning. These terms are very useful when describing the locations of structures.

“If you can't get rid of the skeleton in your

closet, you'd best teach it to dance. “

-George Bernard Shaw

Structure : what ’s in me?

For more information

please see:

www.notreal.com

1-800-pushups

http://ithurtsouch.com

www.isthatnormal.edu

WARNING: The previous

websites are completely fake

and made up by the author.

Please do not contact for

medical help as this is

advised as dangerous.

Thank you.

In this issue:What

makes my body

move?

A look into what’s underneath, and what it does! Anna Johnson, Gatlin 1

A view from under the skin..

Structure & Function

Our bodies are made up of layers, and in those

layers lay several different structures that humans

need. Without them, we wouldn’t be able to sur-

vive. The major aspects of human physical structure

are : Responsiveness, Conductivity, Immune, Circu-

latory, Integumentary, Growth, Secretion, Absorp-

tion, Reproduction, Respiratory, Excretory, Muscu-

lar, Skeletal and Digestive.

Each one has a job all it’s own and they all coexist

with one another. The Digestive system cannot

function without the Excretory system just as the

Circulatory system wouldn’t work without Absorp-

tion. The Integumentary system keeps our exterior

apart from the interior. The Immune system stops

viruses and harmful bacteria from destroying us. The

Skeletal system our body upright and protects our

organs. Our muscular system keeps us moving and

pushes our involuntary muscles. Our Digestive sys-

tem turns food into waste and spreads nutrients

throughout the body. Circulatory pumps blood

through our veins. Respiratory fills our lungs with

oxygen. Excretory removes unwanted waste. And

Reproduction helps create more life so that our

race and continue and grow with all of our advanced

structures and functions.

Our bodies are sensitive and need proper

care in order for them to keep working

on a regular basis. Eating healthy, means

making it easier on your digestive system,

breathing regularly means providing your

muscles with oxygen, and keeping in

shape helps put ease on your bones,

muscles, and heart. Its easy to see if your

outside is working regularly but if you're

not certain about how your insides are

doing, it is important to see a doctor

immediately. He can check for

irregularities or growths and make you

happy and healthy once more!

Muscular

helpsus

moveand

Skeletal

keepsus

standing

tall!

French physiologist, Claude Bernard

was the first to make revelations on

homeostasis

Citation: Thibodeau , Gary A. , and Kevin

T. Patton . Anthon'ys textbook of Anatomy

& Physiology . 17th . Missouri : Mosby ,

2002. 1105. Print.

Homeostasis

In the 1800s, French physiologist, Claude Bernard came to

a realization that would begin studies on homeostasis. He

observed that body cells survived in a healthy condition

only when the temperature, pressure, and chemical

composition of their fluid environment remained relatively

constant. He noted that although our the environment

outside of the cells was constantly changing (ex: weather),

the internal environment (ex: body temperature) remained

stable. The reason being that every regulatory mechanism

of the body existed to maintain constant equilibrium of the

human body’s internal environment, also known as

homeostasis. The term homeostasis was coined by

American physiologist Walter B. Cannon. “Homeostasis is

the ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions

despite a changing external environment. Dynamic state of

equilibrium, or balance. The body is said to be in

homeostasis when its cellular needs are adequately met

and functional activities are occurring smoothly. Virtually

every organ system plays a role in maintaining the internal

environment.” Examples of homeostasis:

- temperature regulation

- Regulation of blood carbon dioxide level

- Regulation of blood glucose level

The human body is organized systems working

together to maintain equilibrium & good health,

essential to continue living.

There are seven structural levels:

Chemical level: includes all chemical substances

(atoms, ions, & molecules) necessary for life.

Organelle level: organelles are considered "tiny

organs" within a cell. Organelles are made of

molecules, and molecules are made of atoms.

Organelles have specific functions within living

cells.

Cellular level: cells are the basic structural and

functional units of the human body & there are

many types of cells (ex: muscle, nerve, blood)

Tissue Level: A tissue is a group of cells that

perform a specific function and the basic types of

Human Organization

tissues in the human body include epithelial,

muscle, nervous, and connective tissues

Organ level: an organ consists of 2 or more

tissues that perform a particular function (ex:

heart, liver, stomach)

System level: an association of organs that

have a common function; there are 11 major

systems in the human body; digestive, nervous, endocrine, circulatory, respiratory,

urinary, reproductive, muscular, lymphatic,

skeletal, and integumentary.

Organism level: this level describes how our

body is able to perform acts that aide in our

survival.

ATOMICALPLANES

Anatomical Planes

The midsagittal plane is the plane that passes vertically through the body, dividing it

symmetrically into left and right halves. It passes through the midline structures such as

the spine and navel.

Frontalmidstagilltransverse

The transverse plane is the plane

that passes horizontally through

the body at right angles to the

midsagittal and frontal planes. IT

divides the body symmetrically into

upper and lower halves.

Transverse,frontal

Citations

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_directional_terms

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_directional_terms

http://biology.about.com/od/anatomy/a/aa072007a.htm

http://soleus89.wordpress.com/ http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/keywords/skeleton.html

http://www.kiwinutritioncounseling.com/mindful-mondays-food-for-thought/341/attachment/girl-eating-chocolate-cake-280x280

Works cited

"Midsagittal plane ." n.pag. Web. 9 Sep 2012. <http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Midsagittal_plane>.

Transverse Plane n.pag. Web. 9 Sep 2012. <http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/transverse plane>.

"Plane." n.pag. Web. 9 Sep 2012. <http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/frontal planes>.