Principles of Human Anatomy and Physiology, 11e1 Chapter 10 Muscle Tissue.
Anatomy and physiology Tissue Chapter
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Transcript of Anatomy and physiology Tissue Chapter
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Tissues
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And this type.....
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Epithelial TissueGeneral Characteristics: - Found throughout the body, covers all body surfaces both inside and out. - Main glandular tissue. - Attached to underlying connective tissue by noncellular nonliving basement membrane. - Usually has no vascular tissue - blood supply - Cells reproduce rapidly (rapid healing). - Cells tightly packed together
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Where does all the dead skin you shed go?
It takes about 27 days for the outer layer of skin to shed and be replaced; that works out to 1.5 pounds of skin cells per year.
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Epithelial tissue is named based on its description
simple = single layerstratified = multiple layers squamous = flatcuboidal = squarecolumnar = column (rectangle)
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Simple Squamous
Function: diffusion and filtration. Air sacs in lungs, walls of capillaries
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Simple Cuboidal
Function: Secretion and Absorption
Found in kidneys tubules, ducts and covering the ovaries
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Stratified cuboidal epithelium
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Simple Columnar
Function: Secretion and Absorption
Found in Digestive tract and uterus
*Contains goblet cells to secrete mucus
*Can have microvilli
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Stratified Squamous
Multi layer squamous, functions in protection
Found in skin and mouth
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The ink of tattoos must be injected below the basement membrane.
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Tissues often come in layers on the body - superficial cuts on the skin may need to be stitched if they also go through the underlying tissue.
This will definitely need stitches!
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Pseudostratified ColumnarSingle layer, nuclei are uneven which gives it a layered appearance
Can have goblet cells and cilia
Location: lining air passages and tubes of the reproductive system
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Transitional Epithelium
Stretchable
Blocks diffusion (no leaking)
Found in the urinary bladder
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Glandular EpitheliumCells are specialized to produce and secrete substances
They make up the GLANDS
exocrine glands | endocrine glands
salivary, sweat hormones
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Identify the tissues
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Connective TissueGeneral Characteristics: -Most abundant tissue in your body, found throughout-Binds structures together-Provides support, protection, framework, fills space, stores fat, produces blood cells, fights infection, and helps repair tissue.-Composed of more scattered cells with abundant intercellular material ' matrix-Made up of a ground substance (fluid, semi-solid) and fibers-Most has a good blood supply-Cells can reproduce
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Types of Cells in Connective Tissue● Mast cells (prevents clots)● Macrophages (consumers)● Fibroblasts (produce fibers)
Collagenous (bones, ligaments, tendons)
Elastic (respiratory)
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Main types of FibersCollagenous fibers - strong and flexible bones, tendons and ligaments
Elastic fibers - very flexible, ears and vocal cords
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Categories of Connective Tissue
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Loose Connective Tissue or Areolar Tissue
Binds underlying organs to skin and to each other
Forms delicate thin membranes throughout the body
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Adipose Tissue (fat)
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Fibrous Connective Tissue
Tendons = muscles to bones Ligaments = bones to bones
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DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
CARTILAGE Cartilage cells are called chondrocytes Provides support and attachments, also cushions bones
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Hyaline CartilageCovers ends of joints, nose and respiratory passages
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Elastic cartilageExternal Ear and Larynx
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Hyaline cartilage
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Hyaline cartilage
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Fibrocartilage
Tough, shock absorbing
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Bone Tissue (Osseus)
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Blood Tissue
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Muscle Tissue
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Cardiac muscle
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Skeletal muscle
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Smooth muscle
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Nerve Tissue
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Nervous tissue (spinal cord)