The Department of Human anatomyThe Department of Human anatomy

NERVES OFNERVES OF ABDOMINALABDOMINALCAVITYCAVITY

and and NERVES OFNERVES OF THE PELVIS. THE PELVIS.

PLANPLAN thethe innervations of the wall of the innervations of the wall of the

abdominal cavity abdominal cavity a) the anterior branches of thoracic nervesa) the anterior branches of thoracic nerves b) the lumbar plexusb) the lumbar plexus the lumbar part of the sympathetic trunkthe lumbar part of the sympathetic trunk the abdominal part of the vagus (10the abdominal part of the vagus (10thth) )

nervenerve the sacral plexusthe sacral plexus the sacral part of the sympathetic trunkthe sacral part of the sympathetic trunk the sacral part of the parasympathetic the sacral part of the parasympathetic

parts of autonomic division of CNSparts of autonomic division of CNS

Intercostal nerves Intercostal nerves 7 to 11 supply the abdominal wall7 to 11 supply the abdominal wall

THE INNERVATIONS OF THE WALL OF THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY

Phrenic nervesPhrenic nervesThe phrenic nerves, which contain motor, sensory, and sympathetic fibers pierce the diaphragm and supply it (mostly from the inferior side), as well as giving branches to the peritoneum

TheThe innervations of the wall of the innervations of the wall of the abdominal cavity abdominal cavity

THE LUMBAR PLEXUSTHE LUMBAR PLEXUS is a is a nervous plexus in the nervous plexus in the lumbar region of the body lumbar region of the body which forms part of the which forms part of the lumbosacral plexus. It is lumbosacral plexus. It is formed by the ventral formed by the ventral divisions of the first four divisions of the first four lumbar nerves (L1-L4) and lumbar nerves (L1-L4) and from contributions of the from contributions of the subcostal nerve (T12), subcostal nerve (T12), which is the last thoracic which is the last thoracic nerve.nerve.

BRANCHESBRANCHES a) the iliohypogastric nerve a) the iliohypogastric nerve b) the ilioinguinal nerveb) the ilioinguinal nerve

The lumbar plexus

The lumbar part The lumbar part of the of the sympathetic trunk is a sympathetic trunk is a continuation of the thoracic part. continuation of the thoracic part. It comprises 3 to 5 It comprises 3 to 5 lumbar lumbar ganglia, ganglia, ganglia lumbales ganglia lumbales situated on the anterolateral situated on the anterolateral surfaces of the bodies of lumbar surfaces of the bodies of lumbar vertebrae next to medial border vertebrae next to medial border of the psoas major. They are of the psoas major. They are associated by means of the associated by means of the interganglionic branches that interganglionic branches that cross the vertebral column cross the vertebral column posterior to the aorta and the posterior to the aorta and the inferior vena cava.inferior vena cava.

The lumbar part of the sympathetic trunk

The lumbar ganglia give rise to two types of branches:the grey rami communicantes, rami communicantes grisei that join all lumbar spinal nerves;the lumbar splanchnic nerves, nervi splanchnici lumbales

The abdominal part of the The abdominal part of the vagus(10vagus(10thth) nerve) nerve

Anterior and posterior vagal trunks Anterior and posterior vagal trunks from the esophageal plexus from the esophageal plexus supply the anterior and posterior supply the anterior and posterior stomach, respectively. Each trunk stomach, respectively. Each trunk contains fibers from both right and contains fibers from both right and left vagi. The trunks have hepatic, left vagi. The trunks have hepatic, gastric, and celiac branches. gastric, and celiac branches. Vagal fibers enter the celiac and Vagal fibers enter the celiac and superior mesenteric plexuses and superior mesenteric plexuses and are distributed to the derivatives are distributed to the derivatives of the foregut and midgut: of the foregut and midgut: stomach, liver, pancreas, and stomach, liver, pancreas, and intestine as far as the left colic intestine as far as the left colic flexure. flexure.

Coeliac PlexusCoeliac Plexus Phrenic PlexusPhrenic Plexus Hepatic PlexusHepatic Plexus Left Gastric PlexusLeft Gastric Plexus Splenic PlexusSplenic Plexus Suprarenal PlexusSuprarenal Plexus Renal PlexusRenal Plexus Superior Mesenteric Superior Mesenteric

PlexusPlexus Abdominal Aortic PlexusAbdominal Aortic Plexus Inferior Mesenteric Inferior Mesenteric

PlexusPlexus

Prevertebral Plexuses

The pelvis is innervated The pelvis is innervated chiefly by the sacral and chiefly by the sacral and coccygeal spinal nerves and coccygeal spinal nerves and by the pelvic part of the by the pelvic part of the autonomic nervous system. autonomic nervous system.

Sacral PlexusesSacral Plexuses.. The sacral The sacral plexus which lies in front of plexus which lies in front of the piriformis, supplies the the piriformis, supplies the buttock and lower limb as well buttock and lower limb as well as structures belonging to the as structures belonging to the pelvis. It is formed by the pelvis. It is formed by the lumbosacral trunk, the ventral lumbosacral trunk, the ventral rami of S1 to 3, and the upper rami of S1 to 3, and the upper division of S4. division of S4.

   The pudendal nerveThe pudendal nerve The superior gluteal nerveThe superior gluteal nerve The inferior gluteal nerve The inferior gluteal nerve The muscular branchesThe muscular branches

The coccygeal The coccygeal plexus plexus (S4, 5; Co 1) (S4, 5; Co 1) supplies the skin over the supplies the skin over the coccyx.coccyx.

The short branches

Sacral Plexuses.

The inferior mesenteric plexus starts out in the abdomen at the point of origin of the inferior mesenteric artery and passes along the aorta to the presacral region. As the plexus drops into the pelvis, it usually splits up into a right and left hypogastric plexus that lies behind the rectum.

The sacral sympathetic chain is the continuation of the lumbar chain. The sacral part of the parasympathetic nervous system arises from S2, S3, S4 and supplies the pelvic structures as well as the left colic flexure, descending colon and sigmoid colon.

Thank you for attention!Thank you for attention!