ANATOMI_Muscle_of_the_Back.pptx

7/25/2019 ANATOMI_Muscle_of_the_Back.pptx

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomimuscleofthebackpptx 1/48

Muscle of the Back, Head

and Neck

Disusun oleh

I Nyoman Mangku Karmaya



Tujuan

• Memahami distribusi otot ventral dan dorsaltubuh

• Memahami laisan otot dorsal tubuh

• Mengidenti!kasi otot dorsal tubuh, origo,insertio dan fungsinya

• Menjelaskan thoracolumbar fascia

• Mengidenti!kasi otot "ajah, otot engunyahdan fungsinya

• Memahami akibat yang terjadi akibatkelainan ada otot di atas



Department of Anatomy, MedicalFaculty Udayana University

3




4




5

Coccygeal



Superficial Muscles

Superficial layer First layer

• Trapezius

• atissimus dorsiSecond layer

• evator scapulae

• !"om#oid minor and ma$or%onnect upper lim# to trun&

MOBTCD



Trapezius

• T"e trapezius is a lar'e, flat,trian'ular muscle, covering the

posterior aspect of the neck

and superior half of the trunk.

• (t attaches the pectoral girdle tothe skull and the vertebral

column.

• (t also "elps in suspending the

shoulder girdle and rotates thescapula.

• T"e trapezius is supplied #y t"e

spinal part of the accessory, t"e

elevent" cranial nerve)

MOBTCD



• Lower third fi#res insert into t"emedial end of spine of scapula

• +erve supply: spinal accessory

nerve %- . 5/

• 0roprioceptive fi#res from t"e %3 . 4cervical ple1us)

• Actions:

2 Upper fi#res elevate and e1tension of

t"e nec&

2 Middle fi#res retract scapula

2 Upper and loer fi#res rotation of

scapula

Trapezius MOBTCD



• The upper fibres elevate t"e scapula,s"ru' s"oulders)

• The intermediate fibres dra t"e

medial #order of t"e scapula near to

t"e midline and press a'ainst t"e

c"est all)

• The lower fibres pull t"e scapula

donard and depress t"e tip of t"e

s"oulder)

• The three parts of t"e trapezius, actin' to'et"er,

dra t"e scapula medially and rotate t"e 'lenoid

fossa superiorly in a#duction of t"e s"oulder)

TrapeziusMOBTCD



• T"e trapezius muscle is involved int"roin' events

• (n racuet sports and in over"ead

movements

• Middle fi#res "elp to sta#ilise t"escapula in roin' and simmin'

• (t prevents t"e 'lenoid fossa #ein'

pulled don "en liftin' "eavy

o#$ects it" your arms• (t also "elps "en you are "oldin'

an o#$ect over"ead

Trapezius MOBTCD



atissimus Dorsi

• T"e latissimus dorsi is a lar'e,ide fan.s"aped muscle

covering the inferior part of

the back

• (t arises from

2 t"e spines of t"e loer si1

t"oracic verte#rae

2 T"e lum#ar fascia

2 T"e posterior t"ird of t"e outer

lip of t"e iliac crest

2 T"e loer t"ree ri#s and t"e

inferior an'le of t"e scapula

MOBTCD



• (t spirals around t"e teresma$or

• Forms medial part of t"e

posterior fold of t"e a1illa

• (t is inserted #y a flat "ite

#ilaminated tendon into t"e

floor of t"e #icipital 'roove

• +erve supply: t"oracodorsalnerve %,6,7

atissimus Dorsi MOBTCD



• 81tends t"e s"oulder • 0oerful adductor of t"e arm

clim#in' muscle/

• !otates t"e "umerus medially

at t"e s"oulder $oint

• T"e latissimus dorsi is anaccessory muscle of

respiration if "umerus is fi1ed

• (t is supplied #y t"e t"oracodorsal nerve

%,6,7• (t is involved in activities suc" as paddlin'

a canoe, clim#in' and simmin'




• (n freestyle simmin', t"elatissimus dorsi is a prime

mover in t"e don stro&e of

t"e arm, mainly an e1tension

movement and some medialrotation

• (n canoein', t"e muscle is a

prime mover in t"e don

stro&e of t"e paddle, amovement of e1tension,

adduction and medial

rotation




Superficial Muscles

Second ayer

Deep to trapezius• evator scapulae

• !"om#oid minor

and ma$or• T"ey connect

upper lim# to

trun&

MOBTCD



evator Scapulae

• T"e levator scapulae musclelies under the trapezius

• (t "as its origin from t"e

transverse processes of t"e

upper four cervical verte#rae

%- to %4/

• Inserted into t"e superior

part of t"e medial #order oft"e scapula

MOBTCD

MOB



• The action of t"e levatorscapulae is to raise t"e medial

mar'in of t"e scapula and in

doin' so rotate it so as to

produce donard rotation oft"e 'lenoid cavity

• The nerve supply is %5 via t"e

nerve to t"e r"om#oids from t"e

roots of t"e #rac"ial ple1us

evator Scapulae MOBTCD

MOB



!"om#oid Ma$or and Minor

• T"e r"om#oid ma$or and minor

muscles lie deep to the trapezius

and are not alays distinct from eac"

ot"er

• !"om#oid minor arises from %6 and

T- verte#rae• T"e ma$or is a#out tice as ide as

t"e minor

• Arises from T9.5

• Appearin' as parallel #ands, t"ey#ot" pass inferiolaterally from t"e

verte#rae

)

MOBTCD

MOB



•T"e r"om#oid ma$or and minormuscles or& to'et"er

• Action :

2 Retract the scapula and rotate it

to depress t"e 'lenoid cavity

2 elp the serratus anterior

muscle to "old t"e scapula

a'ainst t"e t"oracic all

2 !i" the scapula durin'

movements of t"e upper lim#• The nerve supply is %5 via t"e

nerve to t"e r"om#oids from t"e

roots of t"e #rac"ial ple1us

!"om#oid Ma$or and Minor MOBTCD



MOB



Deep ayer: Transversospinal

• (n t"e 'roove #eteen transverseprocesses and spines of verte#rae

• %ollectively termed t"e

transversospinal muscles

• %onsists of several s"ort muscles• Semispinalis

• Actin' #ilaterally: e1tend and sta#ilise

spine

• Actin' unilaterally: rotate spine to

opposite side and laterally fle1

MOBTCD

MOB



Semispinalis

• T"ree part muscle 2 T"oracis

2 %ervicis

2 %apitis

• Actin' #ilaterally it ille1tend "ead, nec& and

t"oracic spine

• Actin' unilaterally it

rotates "ead and nec&

to t"e opposite side

OTCD

MOB



!otatores

• S"ort muscle• Attac"ed from transverse

processes of one verte#ra

• To t"e #ase of t"e spinous

process of t"e verte#ra

superiorly

• Action: rotates t"e spine to

opposite side• Mainly in t"oracic re'ion

TCD

MOB



MultifidusTCD



Thoracolumbar #ascia



$oyright % &''(

)earson *ducation, Inc+,ublishing as Benjamin

Muscles of the Head #acial

*-ression

• Muscles of facial e-ression 2 .ie in the face and scal

2 Thin and variable in shae

2 /ften insert in the skin not on bones

2 Innervated by cranial nerve 0II thefacial nerve



$oyright % &''(


Muscles of the Head #acial

*-ression

Fi'ure --)7



$oyright % &''(


Muscles Mastication and Tongue

Movement

• #our main airs of musclesinvolved in mastication 2 Innervated by mandibular division of

the trigeminal nerve 1cranial nerve 02

2 )rime movers of ja" closure• Masseter and temoralis

2 3ide4to4side movement• )terygoid muscles

2 $omression of cheeks• Buccinator muscles



$oyright % &''(


Muscles of Mastication and Tongue

Movement

Fi'ure --);a, #



$oyright % &''(


Muscles Mastication and Tongue

Movement

• *-trinsic muscles of the tongue

• Move tongue 2 .aterally

2 5nteriorly

2 )osteriorly

• 5ll innervated by cranial nerve 6II

the hyoglossal nerve



$oyright % &''(


Muscles of Mastication and Tongue

Movement

Fi'ure --);c



$oyright % &''(


Muscles of the 5nterior Neck and Throat 3"allo"ing

• The neck is divided into anterior andosterior triangles

• 5nterior triangle 2 Divided into suprahyoid and

infrahyoid muscles

2 )articiate in s"allo"ing

• Pharyngeal constrictors 2 37uee8e food into the esohagus



$oyright % &''(


Muscles of the 5nterior Neck and Throat 3"allo"ing

Fi'ure --)-<#



$oyright % &''(

)earson *ducation, Inc+,ublishing as Benjamin Fi'ure --)--a

Muscles of the Neck and 0ertebral

$olumn

• Head movement 2 Sternocleidomastoid

2 Splenius capitis and splenius

cervicis



Terimakasih

ANATOMI_Muscle_of_the_Back.pptx

Documents

Transcript of ANATOMI_Muscle_of_the_Back.pptx