Anatomical LandmarksMr. Danilo Villar Rogayan Jr.Instructor I, Department of Natural Sciences

College of Education, Arts and Sciences

Ramon Magsaysay Technological University

Anatomical Landmarks

•You should become familiar with the adjectival form as well as the anatomical term.

•Understanding the terms and their origins will help you to remember the location of a particular structure, as well as its name.

Anatomical Landmarks

• Standard anatomical illustrations show the human form in the anatomical position.

• In the anatomical position, the person stands with the legs together and the feet flat on the floor.

• The hands are at the sides, and the palms face forward.

Regions of the Human Body

Anatomical Directions

•There are many different terms, and some can be used interchangeably. As you learn these directional terms, it is important to remember that all anatomical directions utilize the anatomical position as the standard point of reference.

Planes & Sections

•Any slice through a three-dimensional object can be described with reference to three sectional planes

Planes & Sections

Body Cavities

Mr. Danilo Villar Rogayan Jr.Instructor I, Department of Natural Sciences

College of Education, Arts and Sciences

Ramon Magsaysay Technological University

Planes & Sections

•The human body is not a solid object, and many vital organs are suspended in internal chambers called body cavities.

•These cavities protect delicate organs from accidental shocks and cushion them from the thumps and bumps that occur during walking, jumping, and running.

Ventral Body Cavity

•The ventral body cavity, or coelom (; koila , cavity), contains organs of the respiratory, cardio-vascular, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems.

•Because they project partly or completely into the ventral body cavity, there can be significant changes in the size and shape of these organs without distorting surrounding tissues or disrupting the activities of adjacent organs.

Thoracic Cavity

•The lungs and heart, associated organs of the respiratory, cardiovascular, and lymphoid systems, as well as the thymus and inferior portions of the esophagus, are contained within the thoracic cavity.

• The boundaries of the thoracic cavity are established by the muscles and bones of the chest wall and the diaphragm, a muscular sheet that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity.

Pleural Cavity

•Each pleural cavity contains a lung. The cavity is lined by a shiny, slippery serous membrane, which reduces friction as the lung expands and recoils during respiration.

•The serous membrane lining a pleural cavity is called a pleura.

•The visceral pleura covers the outer surfaces of a lung, and the parietal pleura covers the opposing mediastinal surface and the inner body wall.

Pleural Cavity

•Each pleural cavity contains a lung. The cavity is lined by a shiny, slippery serous membrane, which reduces friction as the lung expands and recoils during respiration.

•The serous membrane lining a pleural cavity is called a pleura.

•The visceral pleura covers the outer surfaces of a lung, and the parietal pleura covers the opposing mediastinal surface and the inner body wall.

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