Anatomical aspects of radiology anatomy, differential diagnosis and the basis of pathology and...
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MFDS Anatomical Aspects of Radiology
(Anatomy, Differential Diagnosis and the Basis of Pathology and Radiology)
Professor Peter Abrahams23 November 2004
Anatomy Seminars 2004/2005
Clinical Dental Sciences
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AIMS
• REDUCE RADIATION• INTRODUCE “GOLD STANDARD”• STRUCTURES –MODERN TECHNIQUE• “BEST VALUE” – SOCIETY AT LARGE• STIMULATE DISCUSSION • INTRODUCE RCR GUIDELINES
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IMAGES
• DO I NEED IT ?• DO I NEED IT NOW ?• DID SOMEONE DO IT BEFORE ?• HAVE I EXPLAINED THE PROBLEM ?• BEST TECHNIQUE / VIEW ?
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MEDICO - LEGAL
• CLINICAL GROUNDS ONLY ?• ALTER MANAGEMENT ?• NOTE KEEPING- JUSTIFICATION ?• RCR GUIDELINE ADVICE• “DO SOMETHING” –PROTECTION
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RADIATION EXPOSURE
4.5 yrs500CT. ABD/PEL3.2 yrs350BA ENEMA
16 months150BA MEAL7 months65LUMBAR
31CXR1 day0.5limbs
Natural radiation
CXR. equivalent
Examination
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H
Fish-bone
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LUMP
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Barium swallow, Phanrygeal pouch due to Killian’s Dehiscence, Known also as Zenker’sDiverticulum. NB.HIGH Tone in Cricopharygeus muscle-This spasm causes the Pouch
Cricopharygeus Pouch
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**
Parotid sialogram with strictures-*
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Stone
Submandibular- Wharton’s Duct stone
Plain Xray- stone
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Kick-boxfracture
Oedema
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f
f
f
A
Normal sinuses with AIR “A” Blocked sinuses with Fluid “f”
A
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T
SubmandibularCarcinoma –axial CT
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T
Coronal CT nasal cavitycarcinomaNB Bone
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T
Axial CT Lymphoma of Maxillary Sinus
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Bony erosions in bilateral Glomus Jugulare Tumours
Coronal T1 wt + Gadolinium
T
T
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CC= Common CarotidIC= Internal CarotidEC= Ext. Carotid
IC
CC CC CC
IC IC
DSA-Tumour DSA- post embolisation
EC
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Carotid DSA, Arterial phase NB IC / ECdisplacement
IC
EC
Late arterial pathologicalVasculature= highlyvascular tumour
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Saturday night knife -fight in St. Vincent W.I.- two days later patient complains of lump in root of neck, just above clavicle and an “orange “under his arm.What does this angiogram show?
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Lymphadenopathy (Bilateral)Posterior Triangles
** =?
*
*= ?
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Presented with lump inneck above clavicle and Typical facial appearance
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Parotid PleomorphicAdenoma Axial T2 wt
Normal Parotids
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*
*
*
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Radionuclide thyroid scan- Multinodular Goitre
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Sinogram
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Thyroid Arteriogram
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Thyroid MRI & DSA
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Radionuclide Parathyroid Thallium
- 201 Scan
PARATHYROID Adenoma
Iodine-123 SubtractionScan NB. No Iodineuptake by Parathyroid
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ULTRASOUNDULTRASOUND• REGIONAL ANATOMY-
eg. abdominal pain• NO RADIATION ? harm• CHEAP & MOBILE• BUT OPERATOR • POOR HARD COPY
• REGIONAL ANATOMY-eg. abdominal pain
• NO RADIATION ? harm• CHEAP & MOBILE• BUT OPERATOR • POOR HARD COPY
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D.S.A.D.S.A.• VENOUS (IV DSA)• CAPILLARIES• ARTERIAL via venous (IA DSA)MANUAL SUBTRACTION• ? MRI for FUTURE ANGIO
• VENOUS (IV DSA)• CAPILLARIES• ARTERIAL via venous (IA DSA)MANUAL SUBTRACTION• ? MRI for FUTURE ANGIO
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C.T. SCANSC.T. SCANS
• BONE DEFINITION 1mm. slice• SPEED• 3D POTENTIAL• SPIRAL CT
• BUT RADIATION 400 CXR• AXIAL ONLY-usually cf. ENT
• BONE DEFINITION 1mm. slice• SPEED• 3D POTENTIAL• SPIRAL CT
• BUT RADIATION 400 CXR• AXIAL ONLY-usually cf. ENT
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M.R.I. SCANSM.R.I. SCANS
• REGIONAL ANATOMY• ALL PLANES• SOFT TISSUES • 1.Brain 2.Muscles 3. IVD• TISSUE PLANES• NO RADIATION ? harm.• BUT......COST
• REGIONAL ANATOMY• ALL PLANES• SOFT TISSUES • 1.Brain 2.Muscles 3. IVD• TISSUE PLANES• NO RADIATION ? harm.• BUT......COST
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DOCTOR’S Guide to Radiology
Making the best use of Department of Clinical Radiology"Royal College of Radiologists , UK “Guidelines for Doctors” 5th Ed. 2003