Anaphoric reference
Transcript of Anaphoric reference
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Group 4
• Đỗ Nguyễn Xuân Thảo• Cao Thị Thắm• Ngụy Như Ngọc• Nguyễn Thị Mỹ Châu• Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Yến• Nguyễn Thị Thùy Dương• Lê Thị Hồng Hạnh• Đặng Hoàng Huy• Lê Tuấn Vũ
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Anaphoric ReferenceAnaphoric Reference
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Anaphoric referenceAnaphoric reference
AnaphoraAnaphora
CataphoraCataphora Zero anaphora or ellipsis
Zero anaphora or ellipsis
Indirect anophoraIndirect anophora
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e.g. In the film, a man and a woman were trying to wash a cat. The man was holding the cat while the woman poured water on it. He said something to
her and they started laughing
a man , a woman, a cat
a man , a woman, a cat
the man, the woman, the cat, it, they, he, her
the man, the woman, the cat, it, they, he, her
After the initial introduction of some entity, speakers will use various expressions to maintain reference, generally known as Anaphoric Reference
Anaphoric Reference
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Anaphora is a subsequent reference to an already introduced entity. Mostly we use anaphora in a text to maintain reference.
Anaphora is a subsequent reference to an already introduced entity. Mostly we use anaphora in a text to maintain reference.
Can I borrow your book? Yeah, it is on the desk.Can I borrow your book? Yeah, it is on the desk.
The initial expression is antecedent and the second or subsequent expression is the anaphor
book=antecedent, it= anaphor
Anaphora has the pattern: antecedent-anaphor
The initial expression is antecedent and the second or subsequent expression is the anaphor
book=antecedent, it= anaphor
Anaphora has the pattern: antecedent-anaphor
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I turned the corner and almost stepped on it. There was a large snake in the middle of the path.
It = anaphor; a large snake= antecedent
I turned the corner and almost stepped on it. There was a large snake in the middle of the path.
It = anaphor; a large snake= antecedent
Anaphor-antecedent (anaphor precedes the antecedent) is the pattern of Cataphora
Anaphor-antecedent (anaphor precedes the antecedent) is the pattern of Cataphora
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Put the chicken in the pan and fry it for 10 minutesPut the chicken in the pan and fry Ǿ for 10 minutes Ǿ= it=the chicken
Put the chicken in the pan and fry it for 10 minutesPut the chicken in the pan and fry Ǿ for 10 minutes Ǿ= it=the chicken
When the interpretation requires reader or listener identify an entity without linguistic expressionThe use of zero anaphora clearly creates an expectation that the listener will be able to infer who or what the speaker intends to identify
When the interpretation requires reader or listener identify an entity without linguistic expressionThe use of zero anaphora clearly creates an expectation that the listener will be able to infer who or what the speaker intends to identify
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As with other types of reference, the connection between referent and anaphora may not always be direct. Making sense this requires an inference to make the anaphoric connection
As with other types of reference, the connection between referent and anaphora may not always be direct. Making sense this requires an inference to make the anaphoric connection
I was waiting for the bus, but he just drove by without stoppingI was waiting for the bus, but he just drove by without stopping
He driver person driving the bus the busHe driver person driving the bus the bus
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Reference words and phrases
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Personal pronouns I, he, she, it, we, you, they
Demonstrative pronouns This, that, these, those
Quantifiers Most, many, few, several, etc
Paired pronouns One/another/the other, some/(the) others
Ordinal numbers One, two, three, the first, the fourth, the last
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Thanks for listening !!!