Presented by:Presented by:

KONIAMURYANI, S.Pd.KONIAMURYANI, S.Pd.

ESSAYESSAY

An An EssayEssay is a form of text type, is a form of text type, known as known as Analytical ExpositionAnalytical Exposition, , a form that relies on arguments, so a form that relies on arguments, so sometimes it is called an sometimes it is called an Argument TextArgument Text or or Persuasive Persuasive TextText

Sosial Function / Purpose:to persuade the reader/listener that

something is the case.

Generic Structure: Thesis

Position: Introduces topic and indicates writer’s position. Preview: Outlines the main arguments to be presented.

Arguments Point: restates main arguments outlined in Preview. Elaboration: develops and supports each point/ argument.

Reiteration/Conclusion: restates writer’s position.

Lexicogrammatical / Language FeaturesLexicogrammatical / Language Features

• Generic Human participant is a word or a phrase indicating a general agent not specific, e.g. a man, a woman, a doctor, etc.

• Generic non-Human agent is like one way, a method, etc.

Simple Present Tense says that something was true in the past, is true in the present, and will be true in the future. It is used for :

general statements of fact.

habitual or everyday activity.

Example:

- Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.

- Most animals kill only for food.

- The world is round.

- I don’t recognize that man.

Present perfect tensePresent perfect tense is used to express action is used to express action that has just been completed in present time.that has just been completed in present time.

Commonly used to talk about :Commonly used to talk about :

S + have/has + V3 S + have/has + been + ANA

Mental Processes: to state what writer thinks or feels about the issuee.g.: realize, feel, appreciate.

Material Processes: to state what happense.g.: has polluted, is polluting, spend,

drive, travel, should be treated.

Relational Process is a predicative verb which is a predicative verb which relates the subject and the object, or relates the subject and the object, or complement of the sentence. Relational complement of the sentence. Relational process are those of “being”.process are those of “being”.

Example of Relational Process are : Example of Relational Process are :

is, consist of, function as, derive from, to be is, consist of, function as, derive from, to be classified into, to be identified as, etc. classified into, to be identified as, etc.

Examples:The soup smells good.This food tastes delicious.The children feel happy.The weather became cold.Other linking verbs are:

Feel, look, smell, sound, appear, taste, seem, becomeget, turn, grow (when means become)

CONNECTIVES

Ordering and Evaluating

Firstly, secondly, after, then, finally, furthermore, ultimately, the most important …., another important …, most of all …

ContrastAlthough, however, whereas, on the other hand, yet, unlike

Comparison Also, in addition, as well as, neither, similarly

ExplainingBecause, since, as, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as the result, due to …

The underlined words in the sentences signify the use of Emotive Language.Emotive language adds strong description to the facts and so helps the create extremely objective tone of the text. Emotive language plays a role in persuading the reader toward the writer’s opinion.

• Cars emit a deadly gas that triggers off asthma.• Some of these illness are so bad.• You may find it hard to sleep at night.• Cars today are our roads biggest killers.• What a dreadful nightmare they had.• This can cause serious disease such as diabetes.

The Italic words in the sentence signify the use of The Italic words in the sentence signify the use of Evaluative Language.Evaluative Language.Evaluative language is used to persuade people (reader) to Evaluative language is used to persuade people (reader) to agree with other’s (writer’s) opinion.agree with other’s (writer’s) opinion.

It’s importantIt’s important to pay attention to his warnings. to pay attention to his warnings. There’s no doubtThere’s no doubt that smoking is very dangerous that smoking is very dangerous

for our health.for our health. I strongly believeI strongly believe that he wants to use you. that he wants to use you. It is obviousIt is obvious that English is an international that English is an international

language.language. It is clearIt is clear that the man is innocent in this case. that the man is innocent in this case. It is undeniableIt is undeniable that we live in the nuclear era. that we live in the nuclear era. It is unavoidableIt is unavoidable that business is getting more that business is getting more

difficult now.difficult now.

To make conclusion, we can use these expressions:

In conclusion, ….. From the facts above, ….Therefore, ……. On this basis, …..To conclude, ….. We state that ……..On the whole, …. We conclude that …From the statement, …….

Example of Analytical ExpositionExample of Analytical Exposition

Integrated pest managementIntegrated pest management

There is no one best way to deal with pest agriculture. Pesticides There is no one best way to deal with pest agriculture. Pesticides are commonly used, but this may cause many problems. Combining are commonly used, but this may cause many problems. Combining different management operations is the most effective way to control different management operations is the most effective way to control pest. pest.

Firstly, the chemical in pesticides may build up as residues in the Firstly, the chemical in pesticides may build up as residues in the environment. This reduces the quality of farm produce. environment. This reduces the quality of farm produce.

As well, pest can gradually become resistant to pesticides. This As well, pest can gradually become resistant to pesticides. This means that newer and sometimes stronger one have to be developed. means that newer and sometimes stronger one have to be developed.

Some pesticides affect non target animals such as fish and bees. Some pesticides affect non target animals such as fish and bees. This affects the natural balance. This affects the natural balance.

Also aiming to completely wipe out agricultural pests may be very Also aiming to completely wipe out agricultural pests may be very expensive. Sometimes pest damage costs less than the method of expensive. Sometimes pest damage costs less than the method of control. control.

Lastly, understanding the ecology of the area helps a lot in pest Lastly, understanding the ecology of the area helps a lot in pest control. Natural enemies can be used to control a pest. Pesticides control. Natural enemies can be used to control a pest. Pesticides should be chosen that don’t affect the natural enemies. should be chosen that don’t affect the natural enemies.

Therefore, integrated pest management is a safe and more Therefore, integrated pest management is a safe and more affective option in agriculture. affective option in agriculture.

Generic Structure AnalysisGeneric Structure AnalysisTitleTitle Integrated pest managementIntegrated pest management

thesis thesis PositionPosition

previewpreview There is no one best way to deal with pest agriculture.There is no one best way to deal with pest agriculture. Pesticides are commonly used, but this may cause many Pesticides are commonly used, but this may cause many problems. Combining different management operations is the problems. Combining different management operations is the most effective way to control pest. most effective way to control pest.

argument argument 1 1

PointPoint

elaboration elaboration Firstly, the chemical in pesticides may build up as residues in Firstly, the chemical in pesticides may build up as residues in the environment.the environment. This reduces the quality of farm produce. This reduces the quality of farm produce.

argument argument 2 2

PointPoint

elaboration elaboration As well, pest can gradually become resistant to pesticides.As well, pest can gradually become resistant to pesticides. This This means that newer and sometimes stronger one have to be means that newer and sometimes stronger one have to be developed. developed.

argument argument 3 3

PointPointelaboration elaboration

Some pesticides affect non target animals such as fish and Some pesticides affect non target animals such as fish and bees.bees. This affects the natural balance.This affects the natural balance.

argument argument 4 4

PointPoint

elaboration elaboration Also aiming to completely wipe out agricultural pests may be Also aiming to completely wipe out agricultural pests may be very expensive.very expensive. Sometimes pest damage costs less than the Sometimes pest damage costs less than the method of control. method of control.

argument argument 5 5

PointPoint

elaboration elaboration Lastly, understanding the ecology of the area helps a lot in Lastly, understanding the ecology of the area helps a lot in pest control.pest control. Natural enemies can be used to control a pest. Natural enemies can be used to control a pest. Pesticides should be chosen that don’t affect the natural Pesticides should be chosen that don’t affect the natural enemies. enemies.

reiteration / conclusionreiteration / conclusion Therefore, integrated pest management is a safe and more Therefore, integrated pest management is a safe and more affective option in agriculture. affective option in agriculture.

Don’t you just love it when you can Don’t you just love it when you can argue with someone and get them to argue with someone and get them to come around to your way of thinking?come around to your way of thinking?

That’s what a persuasive essay is all That’s what a persuasive essay is all about!about!

See you later……..See you later……..