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![Page 1: Analytical capability of neutron sensor incorporated into UNCOSS ROV Project meeting and workshop: Dubrovnik 30th November and 01st December 2011.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649e5d5503460f94b55370/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Analytical capability of neutron sensor incorporated into UNCOSS ROV
Project meeting and workshop:Dubrovnik 30th November and 01st December 2011
![Page 2: Analytical capability of neutron sensor incorporated into UNCOSS ROV Project meeting and workshop: Dubrovnik 30th November and 01st December 2011.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649e5d5503460f94b55370/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Side view of the neutron based explosive detector.
Seafloor
ING-27 Neutron generatorDetector shielding
LaBr3(Ce) 3”x3”
Electronic box
Control unit ING27
Power supply unitof ING27
UXO
Overall tagged neutron beam
(3 x 3 pixels)
DC/AC converter
Battery
Tagged neutron beam window
![Page 3: Analytical capability of neutron sensor incorporated into UNCOSS ROV Project meeting and workshop: Dubrovnik 30th November and 01st December 2011.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649e5d5503460f94b55370/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Schematic presentation of the use of tagged neutrons: neutron sensor
Project meeting and workshop:Dubrovnik 30th November and 01st December 2011
![Page 4: Analytical capability of neutron sensor incorporated into UNCOSS ROV Project meeting and workshop: Dubrovnik 30th November and 01st December 2011.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649e5d5503460f94b55370/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Iron cylinder filled with the real sediment, on the left, and shell filled with 6.1 kg ofTNT surrogate (Si3C7H3N3O6), on the right. For the performance assessment in water, the
plastic tank (on the right) was filled with water up to the top of the objects.
![Page 5: Analytical capability of neutron sensor incorporated into UNCOSS ROV Project meeting and workshop: Dubrovnik 30th November and 01st December 2011.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649e5d5503460f94b55370/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Gamma and time spectra corresponding to the shell filled with 6.1 kg of TNTsurrogate (Si3C7H3N3O6) in air, for a 30 min acquisition with an average neutron emission of
2.4 x 107n/s. The time and energy spectra have been obtained by selecting pixels 4 and 5.
![Page 6: Analytical capability of neutron sensor incorporated into UNCOSS ROV Project meeting and workshop: Dubrovnik 30th November and 01st December 2011.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649e5d5503460f94b55370/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Gamma and time spectra corresponding to the iron cylinder filled with sediments inair, for a 30 min acquisition with an average neutron emission of 2.4 x 107 n/s. The time and
energy spectra have been obtained by selecting pixels 4 and 5.
![Page 7: Analytical capability of neutron sensor incorporated into UNCOSS ROV Project meeting and workshop: Dubrovnik 30th November and 01st December 2011.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649e5d5503460f94b55370/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Energy spectra in air of the iron cylinder filled with sand (in green) Vs. shell filledwith TNT surrogate (in red). Note that the energy spectra were adjusted to a same 2.24 MeV
titanium peak pulse height. Below a zoom on C and O peaks.
![Page 8: Analytical capability of neutron sensor incorporated into UNCOSS ROV Project meeting and workshop: Dubrovnik 30th November and 01st December 2011.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649e5d5503460f94b55370/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
‘’Surveyor’’
5
3'' x 3'' NaI(Tl)
API120
shieldAl ring
Tagged neutron coneaxis
Submarine
40
19
Al slabSediment #171
TNT
Sediment #321
Fe shield
Level ofwater
Level ofwater
Way of rotation
Rotation axiswent out from
the picture
Verticalaxis
![Page 9: Analytical capability of neutron sensor incorporated into UNCOSS ROV Project meeting and workshop: Dubrovnik 30th November and 01st December 2011.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649e5d5503460f94b55370/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The gamma ray spectra of a 155 mm shell filled with the Si3C7H3N3O6 (gray) and the cylinder filled with the sea sediment (black). 9 ns time
window.
Energy (MeV)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0
200
400
600
800
1000
260
OxygenCarbon
Energy (MeV)
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0
100
200
300
400
OxygenCarbon
30o
Energy (MeV)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0
100
200
300
400
260
CarbonOxygen
The gamma ray spectra of a real 155 mm shell (black) and the cylinder filled with the sea
sediment (red). 9 ns time window
![Page 10: Analytical capability of neutron sensor incorporated into UNCOSS ROV Project meeting and workshop: Dubrovnik 30th November and 01st December 2011.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649e5d5503460f94b55370/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Spectrum was fitted with the assumption that it contains only carbon, oxygen and iron contributions. Contribution of the other elements like chlorine or sodium was ignored. The fitting procedure was done by using Eq. (1) where the sum was done over the channel (ch) number.
• (1)
• Carbon, Oxygen and Iron are pure elemental spectra. Parameters ''a'', ''b'' and ''c'' are fitting parameters called carbon content, oxygen content and iron content, respectively.
max
min)(arg
)(arg)()()( 22
chch
chch chetT
chetTchIroncchOxygenbchCarbona
![Page 11: Analytical capability of neutron sensor incorporated into UNCOSS ROV Project meeting and workshop: Dubrovnik 30th November and 01st December 2011.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649e5d5503460f94b55370/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Oxygen, Carbon and Iron content for two different targets in dependance on the rotation angle
155 mm grenade 155 mm cylinder filled with sand
Angle of rotation Oxygen Carbon Iron Oxygen Carbon Iron
22° 0.90±0.01 0.086±0.008 0.007±0.01 - - -
24° 0.865±0.01 0.0825±0.007 0.043±0.01 - - -
26° 0.857±0.009 0.071±0.006 0.06±0.01 0.871±0.009 0.037±0.006 0.12±0.01
28° 0.804±0.008 0.080±0.006 0.11±0.01 0.862±0.008 0.0425±0.0055
0.12±0.01
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Normal distribution for carbon content in the background and in the explosive devices
False positive
False negative
Detection probability
Treshold
Average background
Average explosive device
b
e
b
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Detection probability of the real 155 mm shell for the rotattion angle 260 and the false positive 10 %!
MeasurementTime (s)
1385 692.5 462 346 277 231 198 173
Detection probability (%)
100 99.7 96.5 90.3 91.4 82.3 83.8 77.4
False negative (%) 0 0.3 3.5 9.3 8.6 17.3 16.2 22.6
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Detection probability of the real 155 mm shell for the rotattion angle 260 and the false positive 5 %!
Measurement
Time (s)
1385 692.5 462 346 277 231 198 173
Detection probability (%)
100 99.3 92.6 83.2 84.1 72.1 73.8 65.5
False negative (%) 0 0.7 7.4 16.8 15.9 27.9 26.2 34.5
![Page 15: Analytical capability of neutron sensor incorporated into UNCOSS ROV Project meeting and workshop: Dubrovnik 30th November and 01st December 2011.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649e5d5503460f94b55370/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Detection probability of the real 155 mm shell for the rotattion angle 260 and the false positive 0.13 %!
Measurement
Time (s)
1385 692.5 462 346 277 231 198 173
Detection probability (%)
99.4 87 53.6 38.6 35.3 23 25.5 18
False negative (%) 5.6 13 46.4 61.4 64.7 77 74.5 82
![Page 16: Analytical capability of neutron sensor incorporated into UNCOSS ROV Project meeting and workshop: Dubrovnik 30th November and 01st December 2011.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649e5d5503460f94b55370/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
‘’Surveyor’’• One alpha pixel• It is possible to rotate the neutron generator• In the fitting procedure it was assumed that the gamma ray spectra contained
the contribution from the iron, oxygen and carbon only • Time resolution ~2 ns
‘’Uncoss Rov’’• 3x3 alpha pixels• It is not possible to rotate the neutron generator• In the fitting procedure it was assumed that the gamma ray spectra contained
the contribution from the more than three chemical elements• Time resolution ~5 ns
![Page 17: Analytical capability of neutron sensor incorporated into UNCOSS ROV Project meeting and workshop: Dubrovnik 30th November and 01st December 2011.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062804/56649e5d5503460f94b55370/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Summary
• In order to improve time resolution electronics was send back to Saclay
• In order to produce a better TNT simulant a new chemicals were ordered
• Avio bomb was considered to be used as a secondary target