Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A...
Transcript of Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A...
![Page 1: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Analysis Techniques for Fractional OrderSystems: A Survey
Umair Siddique Osman Hasan
System Analysis and Verification (SAVE) LabNational University of Sciences and Technology (NUST)
Islamabad, Pakistan
ICNAAM 2012
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 1 / 35
![Page 2: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Outline
1 Introduction and Motivation
2 Analysis Techniques
3 Conclusions and Discussions
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 2 / 35
![Page 3: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Outline
1 Introduction and Motivation
2 Analysis Techniques
3 Conclusions and Discussions
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 3 / 35
![Page 4: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Fractional Order Systems
Physical systems are usually modeled with integral anddifferential equations
Dnf(x) =dn
dxnf(x) =
d
dx(d
dx· · · d
dx(f(x)) · · · ))∫ ∫
· · ·∫
f(x1, x2, · · ·xn)dx1, dx2 · · · dxn
Are these traditional concepts sufficient?
Example
Resistoductance: Exhibits intermediate behavior between aResistor (v = iR) and an Inductor (v = L di
dt )
Fractional Order Systems involve derivatives and integralsof non integer order (Fractional Calculus)
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 4 / 35
![Page 5: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Fractional Order Systems
Physical systems are usually modeled with integral anddifferential equations
Dnf(x) =dn
dxnf(x) =
d
dx(d
dx· · · d
dx(f(x)) · · · ))∫ ∫
· · ·∫
f(x1, x2, · · ·xn)dx1, dx2 · · · dxn
Are these traditional concepts sufficient?
Example
Resistoductance: Exhibits intermediate behavior between aResistor (v = iR) and an Inductor (v = L di
dt )
Fractional Order Systems involve derivatives and integralsof non integer order (Fractional Calculus)
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 4 / 35
![Page 6: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Fractional Order Systems
Physical systems are usually modeled with integral anddifferential equations
Dnf(x) =dn
dxnf(x) =
d
dx(d
dx· · · d
dx(f(x)) · · · ))∫ ∫
· · ·∫
f(x1, x2, · · ·xn)dx1, dx2 · · · dxn
Are these traditional concepts sufficient?
Example
Resistoductance: Exhibits intermediate behavior between aResistor (v = iR) and an Inductor (v = L di
dt )
Fractional Order Systems involve derivatives and integralsof non integer order (Fractional Calculus)
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 4 / 35
![Page 7: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Fractional order Calculus
Fractional Calculus was born in 1695
Why a paradox?
Useful Consequences?
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 5 / 35
![Page 8: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Fractional order Calculus
Fractional Calculus was born in 1695
Why a paradox?
Useful Consequences?
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 5 / 35
![Page 9: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Fractional order Calculus - Why a Paradox?
Analogous to fractional exponents
x3 = x • x • x
x3.7 =?
xπ =?
Integrals and Derivatives are certainly more complex thanmultiplication
Fractional Integrals and Derivatives can be defined innumerous ways
Fractional Calculus started off as a study for the bestminds in mathematics
Leibniz, Euler, Lagrange, Laplace, Fourier, Abel, Liouville,Riemann
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 6 / 35
![Page 10: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Fractional order Calculus - Why a Paradox?
Analogous to fractional exponents
x3 = x • x • x
x3.7 =?
xπ =?
Integrals and Derivatives are certainly more complex thanmultiplication
Fractional Integrals and Derivatives can be defined innumerous ways
Fractional Calculus started off as a study for the bestminds in mathematics
Leibniz, Euler, Lagrange, Laplace, Fourier, Abel, Liouville,Riemann
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 6 / 35
![Page 11: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Fractional order Calculus - Why a Paradox?
Analogous to fractional exponents
x3 = x • x • x
x3.7 =?
xπ =?
Integrals and Derivatives are certainly more complex thanmultiplication
Fractional Integrals and Derivatives can be defined innumerous ways
Fractional Calculus started off as a study for the bestminds in mathematics
Leibniz, Euler, Lagrange, Laplace, Fourier, Abel, Liouville,Riemann
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 6 / 35
![Page 12: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Mathematical Definitions of Fractional Calculus
Definition (Euler’s Fractional Derivative for Power Function xp)
D0xp = xp, D1xp = pxp−1, D2xp = p(p− 1)xp−2 · · ·can be generalized as follows:
Dnxp =p!
(p− n)!xp−n; n : integer
Gamma function generalizes the factorial for all real numbers
Γ(z) =
∫ ∞0
tz−1e−tdt
Thus
Dnxp =Γ(p + 1)
Γ(p− n + 1)xp−n; n : real
Limited Scope (Only caters for power functions f(x) = xy )
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 7 / 35
![Page 13: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Mathematical Definitions of Fractional Calculus
Definition (Euler’s Fractional Derivative for Power Function xp)
D0xp = xp, D1xp = pxp−1, D2xp = p(p− 1)xp−2 · · ·can be generalized as follows:
Dnxp =p!
(p− n)!xp−n; n : integer
Gamma function generalizes the factorial for all real numbers
Γ(z) =
∫ ∞0
tz−1e−tdt
Thus
Dnxp =Γ(p + 1)
Γ(p− n + 1)xp−n; n : real
Limited Scope (Only caters for power functions f(x) = xy )
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 7 / 35
![Page 14: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Mathematical Definitions of Fractional Calculus
Definition (Euler’s Fractional Derivative for Power Function xp)
D0xp = xp, D1xp = pxp−1, D2xp = p(p− 1)xp−2 · · ·can be generalized as follows:
Dnxp =p!
(p− n)!xp−n; n : integer
Gamma function generalizes the factorial for all real numbers
Γ(z) =
∫ ∞0
tz−1e−tdt
Thus
Dnxp =Γ(p + 1)
Γ(p− n + 1)xp−n; n : real
Limited Scope (Only caters for power functions f(x) = xy )
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 7 / 35
![Page 15: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Mathematical Definitions of Fractional Calculus
Definition (Riemann-Liouville (RL) Fractional Integration)
Jvaf(x) =
1
Γ(v)
∫ x
a
(x− t)v−1f(t)dt
Definition (Riemann-Liouville Fractional Differentiation)
Dvf(x) = (d
dx)dveJdve−va f(x)
where v is the order and dve is its ceiling (largest and closest integer).
General definition that caters for all functions that can beexpressed in a closed mathematical form
Usage requires expertise and rigorous mathematical analysis
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 8 / 35
![Page 16: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Mathematical Definitions of Fractional Calculus
Definition (Riemann-Liouville (RL) Fractional Integration)
Jvaf(x) =
1
Γ(v)
∫ x
a
(x− t)v−1f(t)dt
Definition (Riemann-Liouville Fractional Differentiation)
Dvf(x) = (d
dx)dveJdve−va f(x)
where v is the order and dve is its ceiling (largest and closest integer).
General definition that caters for all functions that can beexpressed in a closed mathematical form
Usage requires expertise and rigorous mathematical analysis
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 8 / 35
![Page 17: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Mathematical Definitions of Fractional Calculus
Definition (Grunwald-Letnikov (GL) Fractional Diffintegral)
cDvxf(x) = lim
h→0h−v
[ x−ch ]∑
k=0
(−1)k(v
k
)f(x− kh)
where(vk
)represents the binomial coefficient expressed in terms of the
Gamma function
(0 < v): Fractional Differentiation
(v < 0): Fractional Integration
Facilitates Numerical Methods based computerized analysis
Approximate solutions due to the infinite summationinvolved
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 9 / 35
![Page 18: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Mathematical Definitions of Fractional Calculus
Definition (Grunwald-Letnikov (GL) Fractional Diffintegral)
cDvxf(x) = lim
h→0h−v
[ x−ch ]∑
k=0
(−1)k(v
k
)f(x− kh)
where(vk
)represents the binomial coefficient expressed in terms of the
Gamma function
(0 < v): Fractional Differentiation
(v < 0): Fractional Integration
Facilitates Numerical Methods based computerized analysis
Approximate solutions due to the infinite summationinvolved
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 9 / 35
![Page 19: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Mathematical Definitions of Fractional Calculus
Definition (Grunwald-Letnikov (GL) Fractional Diffintegral)
cDvxf(x) = lim
h→0h−v
[ x−ch ]∑
k=0
(−1)k(v
k
)f(x− kh)
where(vk
)represents the binomial coefficient expressed in terms of the
Gamma function
(0 < v): Fractional Differentiation
(v < 0): Fractional Integration
Facilitates Numerical Methods based computerized analysis
Approximate solutions due to the infinite summationinvolved
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 9 / 35
![Page 20: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Fractional order Calculus
Paradox Resolved!
Most of the Mathematical Fractional Calculus theory wasdeveloped prior to the turn of the 20th century
Useful Consequences?
First book on modeling Engineering systems usingFractional Calculus was published in 1974 by Oldham andSpanierRecent monographs and symposia proceedings havehighlighted the application of Fractional Calculus in
Continuum MechanicsSignal ProcessingElectro-magneticsControl EngineeringElectronic CircuitsBiological Systems
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 10 / 35
![Page 21: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Analysis of Fractional Order Systems
Fractional order Systems are widely used in safety-criticaldomains like medicine and transportation
Example: Cardiac tissue electrode interface
Analysis inaccuracies may even result in the loss of humanlives
Usage of Fractional Calculus guarantees correct models
What about the accuracy of Analysis techniques?
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 11 / 35
![Page 22: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Analysis of Fractional Order Systems
Fractional order Systems are widely used in safety-criticaldomains like medicine and transportation
Example: Cardiac tissue electrode interface
Analysis inaccuracies may even result in the loss of humanlives
Usage of Fractional Calculus guarantees correct models
What about the accuracy of Analysis techniques?
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 11 / 35
![Page 23: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Outline
1 Introduction and Motivation
2 Analysis Techniques
3 Conclusions and Discussions
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 12 / 35
![Page 24: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Analysis Techniques
Paper-and-Pencil Proof Methods
Computer Simulation
Formal Methods
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 13 / 35
![Page 25: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Paper-and-Pencil Proof Methods
Construct a mathematical model of the given fractionalorder system on paper
Using the Riemann-Liouville (RL) definition
Use this model to verify that the system exhibits thedesired properties using mathematical reasoning on a paper
Accurate
Scalability Very Cumbersome for Large systems
Error Prone
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 14 / 35
![Page 26: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Paper-and-Pencil Proof Methods
Construct a mathematical model of the given fractionalorder system on paper
Using the Riemann-Liouville (RL) definition
Use this model to verify that the system exhibits thedesired properties using mathematical reasoning on a paper
Accurate
Scalability Very Cumbersome for Large systems
Error Prone
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 14 / 35
![Page 27: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Erroneous Analysis Using Paper-and-Pencil Proof
Analysis of Waves in planar waveguide by Cheng (2007)Journal of Optics and Communication (IF 1.316)
It was found to be erroneous by Naqvi (2010)
Cheng 2007
Naqvi2010
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 15 / 35
![Page 28: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Simulation
Construct a discretized system model using computerarithmetic
Analyze the system using Numerical Methods
Using the Grunwald-Letnikov definition
Easy to use
Approximate
Can never be termed as 100% accurate due to the infinitesummations involved in the Grunwald-Letnikov definitionand the usage of computer arithmetic
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 16 / 35
![Page 29: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Simulation
Construct a discretized system model using computerarithmetic
Analyze the system using Numerical Methods
Using the Grunwald-Letnikov definition
Easy to use
Approximate
Can never be termed as 100% accurate due to the infinitesummations involved in the Grunwald-Letnikov definitionand the usage of computer arithmetic
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 16 / 35
![Page 30: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Simulation Problem
Computation of Gamma function Γ(x) in State-of-the-artsimulation tool, MATLAB
x = 171 it returns 7.26e306
x = 172 it returns Inf
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 17 / 35
![Page 31: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Consequences of using Traditional Techniques inSafety-Critical System Analysis
2009 Air France Flight447 Crash
Pilot probe sensorsdid not accuratelymeasure air speed
Loss of 228 lives
Arianne 5 Crash (1996)
Erroneous dataconversion from a64-bit floating pointto 16-bit signedinteger
Loss of 500 millionUS dollars
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 18 / 35
![Page 32: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Formal Methods
Bridges the gap between Paper-and-pencil proof methodsand simulation
As precise as a mathematical proof can be
Scalable since computers are used for bookkeeping
Immature
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 19 / 35
![Page 33: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Formal Methods
Bridges the gap between Paper-and-pencil proof methodsand simulation
As precise as a mathematical proof can be
Scalable since computers are used for bookkeeping
Immature
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 19 / 35
![Page 34: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Formal Methods
Construct a computer-based mathematical model of thesystem
Use mathematical reasoning to check if the model satisfiesthe properties of interest in a computerized environment
Based on Mathematical techniques
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 20 / 35
![Page 35: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Formal Verification Techniques
Model Checking
Theorem Proving
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 21 / 35
![Page 36: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Model Checking
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 22 / 35
![Page 37: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Model Checking
Advantages
Automatic (Push button type analysis tools)No proofs involvedDiagnostic counter examples
Disadvantages
State-space explosion problemLimitted Expressiveness Only discrete models of Fractionalorder systems can be handled
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 23 / 35
![Page 38: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Theorem Proving
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 24 / 35
![Page 39: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Logic
Study of drawing conclusions (reasoning)
Types of LogicPropositional logic
Supports statements that can be true or false
First-order logic (Predicate logic)
Quantification over variables (∀: For all, ∃: there exists)
Higher-order logic
Quantification over sets and functions
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 25 / 35
![Page 40: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Theorem Prover
Its core consists of a handful of
Fundamental axioms (facts)Inference rules
Soundness is assured as every new theorem must becreated from
The basic axioms and primitive inference rulesAny other already proved theorems (Theory Files)
The availability of Harisson’s seminal work on Realanalysis and Integer order Calculus greatly facilitateFractional order system analysis
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 26 / 35
![Page 41: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Theorem Prover
Its core consists of a handful of
Fundamental axioms (facts)Inference rules
Soundness is assured as every new theorem must becreated from
The basic axioms and primitive inference rulesAny other already proved theorems (Theory Files)
The availability of Harisson’s seminal work on Realanalysis and Integer order Calculus greatly facilitateFractional order system analysis
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 26 / 35
![Page 42: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Theorem Proving
Advantages
High expressiveness: Fractional order Systems can beanalyzedNo risk of mistakes (human errors)Some parts of the proofs can be automated
Disadvantages
Detailed and explicit human guidance requiredThe state-of-the-art is limited
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 27 / 35
![Page 43: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Theorem Proving based Analysis of Fractional orderSystems
FMCAD 2011: Riemann-Liouville (RL) Definition
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 28 / 35
![Page 44: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Theorem Proving based Analysis of Fractional orderSystems
FMCAD 2011: Riemann-Liouville (RL) Definition
Fractional order System
Properties of System
Higher-order Logic
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 28 / 35
![Page 45: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Theorem Proving based Analysis of Fractional orderSystems
FMCAD 2011: Riemann-Liouville (RL) Definition
Fractional order System
Properties of System
Higher -order Logic Description
(Theorem)
Higher-order Logic
Real Analysis
&Integer order
calculus
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 28 / 35
![Page 46: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Theorem Proving based Analysis of Fractional orderSystems
FMCAD 2011: Riemann-Liouville (RL) Definition
Fractional order System
Properties of System
Higher -order Logic Description
(Theorem)
Higher-order Logic
Real Analysis
&Integer order
calculus
Gamma function
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 28 / 35
![Page 47: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Theorem Proving based Analysis of Fractional orderSystems
FMCAD 2011: Riemann-Liouville (RL) Definition
Fractional order System
Properties of System
Higher -order Logic Description
(Theorem)
Higher-order Logic
Real Analysis
&Integer order
calculus
Gamma function
Differintegrals
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 28 / 35
![Page 48: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Theorem Proving based Analysis of Fractional orderSystems
FMCAD 2011: Riemann-Liouville (RL) Definition
Fractional order System
Properties of System
Higher -order Logic Description
(Theorem)
Higher-order Logic
Real Analysis
&Integer order
calculus
Gamma function
Differintegrals
Formally Verified Properties
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 28 / 35
![Page 49: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Theorem Proving based Analysis of Fractional orderSystems
FMCAD 2011: Riemann-Liouville (RL) Definition
Fractional order System
Properties of System
Higher -order Logic Description
(Theorem)
Higher-order Logic
Real Analysis
&Integer order
calculus
Gamma function
Differintegrals
Formally Verified Properties
Formal Model
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 28 / 35
![Page 50: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Theorem Proving based Analysis of Fractional orderSystems
FMCAD 2011: Riemann-Liouville (RL) Definition
Fractional order System
Properties of System
Higher -order Logic Description
(Theorem)
Higher-order Logic
Real Analysis
&Integer order
calculus
Gamma function
Differintegrals
Formally Verified Properties
Formal Model
TheoremsTheorems
Theorems
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 28 / 35
![Page 51: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Theorem Proving based Analysis of Fractional orderSystems
FMCAD 2011: Riemann-Liouville (RL) Definition
Fractional order System
Properties of System
Higher -order Logic Description
(Theorem)
HOL Theorem Prover
Higher-order Logic
Real Analysis
&Integer order
calculus
Gamma function
Differintegrals
Formally Verified Properties
Formal Model
TheoremsTheorems
Theorems
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 28 / 35
![Page 52: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Theorem Proving based Analysis of Fractional orderSystems
FMCAD 2011: Riemann-Liouville (RL) Definition
Fractional order System
Properties of System
Higher -order Logic Description
(Theorem)
HOL Theorem Prover
Formal Proof of System Properties
Higher-order Logic
Real Analysis
&Integer order
calculus
Gamma function
Differintegrals
Formally Verified Properties
Formal Model
TheoremsTheorems
Theorems
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 28 / 35
![Page 53: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Theorem Proving based Analysis of Fractional orderSystems
Applications
ResistoductanceFractional Differentiator circuitFractional Integrator circuit
Verification ProcessGamma function and Differintegrals
The formalization took around 7500 lines of ML code andapproximately 600 man hours
Applications
300 lines of HOL codeApproximately 6 man-hours
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 29 / 35
![Page 54: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Outline
1 Introduction and Motivation
2 Analysis Techniques
3 Conclusions and Discussions
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 30 / 35
![Page 55: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Analysis of Fractional Order Systems: Comparison
Criteria Paper-and-Pencil Proof
Simulation
Automated Formal
Methods (MC, ATPs)
Higher-order-logic Theorem Proving
Expressiveness
Scalability
Accuracy
FOS Fundamentals
Automation
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 31 / 35
![Page 56: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Analysis of Fractional Order Systems: Comparison
Criteria Paper-and-Pencil Proof
Simulation
Automated Formal
Methods (MC, ATPs)
Higher-order-logic Theorem Proving
Expressiveness
Scalability
Accuracy
?
FOS Fundamentals
Automation
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 31 / 35
![Page 57: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Analysis of Fractional Order Systems: Comparison
Criteria Paper-and-Pencil Proof
Simulation
Automated Formal
Methods (MC, ATPs)
Higher-order-logic Theorem Proving
Expressiveness
Scalability
Accuracy
?
FOS Fundamentals
Automation
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 32 / 35
![Page 58: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Analysis of Fractional Order Systems: Comparison
Criteria Paper-and-Pencil Proof
Simulation
Automated Formal
Methods (MC, ATPs)
Higher-order-logic Theorem Proving
Expressiveness
Scalability
Accuracy
?
FOS Fundamentals
Automation
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 33 / 35
![Page 59: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Analysis of Fractional Order Systems: Comparison
Criteria Paper-and-Pencil Proof
Simulation
Automated Formal
Methods (MC, ATPs)
Higher-order-logic Theorem Proving
Expressiveness
Scalability
Accuracy
?
FOS Fundamentals
Automation
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 33 / 35
![Page 60: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Analysis of Fractional Order Systems: Comparison
Criteria Paper-and-Pencil Proof
Simulation
Automated Formal
Methods (MC, ATPs)
Higher-order-logic Theorem Proving
Expressiveness
Scalability
Accuracy
?
FOS Fundamentals
Automation
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 33 / 35
![Page 61: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Conclusions
Fractional Calculus provides accurate and robust modelingcapabilities
Can the current analysis techniques guarantee accuracy?
Traditional techniques cannot cope with this challengeTheorem proving provides accuracy but is not mature
Law of ExponentsRelationship with the Beta functionComplex numbers based Fractional Calculus Libraries
We recommend a hybrid framework for the analysis offractional order systems.
Higher-order-logic theorem proving wherever possibleAutomated theorem proving and model checking ondiscretized modelsSemi-Formal Techniques like Computer Algebra Systems
Enrich Higher-order-logic theorem proving capabilities
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 34 / 35
![Page 62: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Conclusions
Fractional Calculus provides accurate and robust modelingcapabilities
Can the current analysis techniques guarantee accuracy?Traditional techniques cannot cope with this challengeTheorem proving provides accuracy but is not mature
Law of ExponentsRelationship with the Beta functionComplex numbers based Fractional Calculus Libraries
We recommend a hybrid framework for the analysis offractional order systems.
Higher-order-logic theorem proving wherever possibleAutomated theorem proving and model checking ondiscretized modelsSemi-Formal Techniques like Computer Algebra Systems
Enrich Higher-order-logic theorem proving capabilities
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 34 / 35
![Page 63: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Conclusions
Fractional Calculus provides accurate and robust modelingcapabilities
Can the current analysis techniques guarantee accuracy?Traditional techniques cannot cope with this challengeTheorem proving provides accuracy but is not mature
Law of ExponentsRelationship with the Beta functionComplex numbers based Fractional Calculus Libraries
We recommend a hybrid framework for the analysis offractional order systems.
Higher-order-logic theorem proving wherever possibleAutomated theorem proving and model checking ondiscretized modelsSemi-Formal Techniques like Computer Algebra Systems
Enrich Higher-order-logic theorem proving capabilities
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 34 / 35
![Page 64: Analysis Techniques for Fractional Order Systems: A Surveyohasan.seecs.nust.edu.pk/talks/icnaam_2012.pdf · Analogous to fractional exponents x3 = x x x x3:7 =? xˇ=? Integrals and](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022060520/604e977d9290ba336c4dffe4/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Introduction and MotivationAnalysis Techniques
Conclusions and Discussions
Thank You!
www.save.seecs.nust.edu.pk
U. Siddique and Osman Hasan Analysis of Fractional Order Systems 35 / 35