Analysis of Monetary Times Building

Monetary Times BuildingRyerson University

Comprehensive and integrated building analysis.

Overview

341 Church Street. Toronto

Monetary Times Building. Ryerson University

Introduction

Analysis on the compliance of Ontario Building Code

Analysis of the materials and methods of Construction

Use of Building Information Modeling – Revit

Conclusion

01

02

03

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05The Team

The following analysis evaluates Monetary Times building for its

compliance of Ontario Building code, the materials and methods of

construction and illustrates the findings using BIM. Revit 2015 is used

for building information modeling. Rania Matta Jasleen Bedi Goncalo Leitao Farid Ahamadi Sam Exeeson

Location and Site Context

Monetary Times Building

Is located at the North end of Ryerson Campus

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OR

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Eric Palin Hall

Architecture Building

Engineering Building

Kerr Hall

Eric Palin Hall

On the East side of the building

Ryerson Architecture Building and Ryerson Engineering Building

On the South side of the building

Kerr Hall

On the West side of the building

Church Street

On the West side of the building

< N

OR

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Gerrard Street East

On the North side of the building

< N

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Years of History

Square meters of Total Area

First Register found at Toronto Lands Registry Office

The property was sold to Monetary Printing Press Company

Designed and built by J. A. Thatcher

Ryerson University acquired the property

Exterior renovation by Lett Smith Architects

Renovation Completed

Interior renovation

Renovation Completed

160

2450

1848

1927

1931

1966

1989

1993

2008

2012The building was initially planned to be of six floors for printing operations of

Monetary Times printing press, but only four floors were constructed.

Project Overview and Background

341 Church Street. Toronto

Monetary Times Building. Ryerson University

Building description

Concrete and Brick Cladding with Art-Deco ornaments on North and West facade

Church StreetGerrard Street East

• 34 meters long

• 18 meters wide

• 4 Storey


Simple Brick Cladding on South and East facade

West Entrance

East Entrance

South Service Entrance

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Gerrard Street East

34 meters

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Building Program

Entrances and Exits


Floor occupancies and general layout

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Basement

First floor

2 laboratories, 1 machine shop, 3 offices, 1

student competition room, janitor room &

Barrier free water closet

Second floor

2 computer Laboratories, photocopy Room,

Boardroom, 3 water closets (one female,

one men and one barrier-free) Faculty

Lounge and 9 Offices

Third and Fourth floor

2 laboratories, 9 offices and 3 water closets

Class rooms

Laboratories

Offices

Toilets

Janitors Room F

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Ontario Building Code

• Major Occupancy : Group A Division 2

• Building Area: 557.08 m2

• Gross Area: 2453 m2

• Number of Storey: 4

• Number of Streets Fire Fighting Access : 2

• Applicable parts of Building Codes: Division B, Part 1, 3, 4,5,6,7, 10, 11, 12

• Building Classification : 3.2.2.24 Any area, up to 6 Storey

1

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1. Sprinkler system required on each floor of the building.

2. Non-combustible construction

3. Building height up to 6 storey

4. Floor assemblies to have 1 Hr. Fire Separation

5. Load bearing walls and columns to have 1 Hr. Fire-resistance rating

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Ontario Building CodeBuilding Classification and Major occupancy

Exit 1

Fire Hydrant

Gerrard Street East

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Exit 3

Fire Department Connection

6 m

11 m

Provision for Fire fighting


3 m

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1. 38mm diameter hose connection in each floor of the building.

2. Fire Hydrants to be located within 90 m

3. Fire detectors – service spaces, elevations

4. Smoke Detector – Staircases, Elevator machine room

5. Fire alarm system is required

6. Access to Above Grade Storeys for fire fighters

7. Roof Access required by stairway or hatch with fixed ladder.

8. Barrier free design for passenger elevator

9. Elevator Hoist Way, Machine Room - 1 Hr. FFR

10. Services room - 1 Hr. FFR

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NORTH >

First floor Second floorFire Protection and Occupant Safety


Vertical Shafts

Elevator Shaft

Janitor

FHCFHC

Fire Alarm – Manual pull system

Fire Hose Cabinet

Exit Signage

FHC

EXIT

EX

IT

EXIT

EXIT

EXIT EXIT

EXIT

EXIT

EXIT

1 Hr. Fire Separation

45 Min. Fire Separation

Area Required FR and compliance

Corridor used by the public 1 hr.

Janitor room 1 hr.

Basement (sprinklered) 1 hr.

Doors in fire separation between Rooms and Corridor 45 min.

Vertical shafts 45 min.

Exits 1 hr.

Elevator and Staircases 1 hr.

Elevator hoist way 1 hr.

Elevator Machine room 1 hr.

Service rooms 1 hr.

Basement 1 hr.

* The walls separating the staff offices, classrooms, laboratories and/or computer labs don’t need to be

fire rated as these form a part of the overall suite and cannot be considered as different occupancies.

FHC

NORTH >

Fire Protection and Occupant Safety


Vertical Shafts

Elevator Shaft

Janitor

FHC Fire Alarm – Manual pull system

Fire Hose Cabinet

Exit Signage

FHC

EXIT

EXIT

1 Hr. Fire Separation

45 Min. Fire Separation

* The walls separating the staff offices, classrooms, laboratories and/or computer labs don’t need to be

fire rated as these form a part of the overall suite and cannot be considered as different occupancies.

Third floor Forth floor

EX

IT

FHC

FHC

EXIT

EX

IT

FHC

Area Required FR and compliance

Corridor used by the public 1 hr.

Janitor room 1 hr.

Basement (sprinklered) 1 hr.

Doors in fire separation between Rooms and Corridor 45 min.

Vertical shafts 45 min.

Exits 1 hr.

Elevator and Staircases 1 hr.

Elevator hoist way 1 hr.

Elevator Machine room 1 hr.

Service rooms 1 hr.

Basement 1 hr.

NORTH >

First floor Second floorSafety within floor areas


Total Occupant load 357 persons

Requirements Comments

A Two Exits

One Barrier Free entrance/ exit

C Travel Distance between exits - 30 m

DTravel Distance from inside of room to egress door

- 15 m

Capacity of Access To Exits based on 6.1 mm per

person= 2177 mm (1090 x 2) - 1100 mm provided

Minimum Width Of Corridor-1100 mm

Exit Doors Swing towards direction of travel to exit

Floor Occupants

Basement 0

First Floor 94

Second Floor 95

A

A

C

C

A

A

D

D

D

D

X

X

NORTH >

Third floor & Forth floor Exit stairSafety within floor areas


Floor Occupants

Third Floor 104

Forth Floor 64

Requirements Comments

G Dead End Corridor

I Capacity of stairs in access to exit 1100 mm

J Exit Staircase tread/ run 255- 355 mm 229 mm

K Exit Staircase riser 125- 200 mm 180 mm

Headroom clearance of exit doors and stairways

Door hardware operable by one hand

Door release hardware

X Exit signage

A

A

C

J

K

I

1100

G

D

D

NORTH >

First floor Second floor Third floor Forth floor

Accessibility and Health Requirements


Barrier free CirculationMale WC Female WC Bar. Free WC Universal WC

First Floor - - 1 -

Second Floor 1 1 1 -

Third Floor 1 1 1 -

Forth Floor 1 1 1 -

Universal Washrooms

Required number – 2

Building does not comply

Drinking Water

Drinking Water Fountain is provided on all

the floors

OBC ref. Div. B 3.7.4.3(15) & Table 3.8.2.3.A

North Side Unprotected Openings

Limiting Distance is 10 m

Condition First Floor 2 - 4 Floor (Sep.)

Exposed Building Face 145 125

Percentage UPO Allowed 60% 72%

Percentage UPO Created 41% 48%

FR Required and Created 45 min. 45 min.

C/NC Const. as/Req. NC NC

C/NC Clad. as/Req. NC NC

West Side Unprotected Openings









Limiting Distance of 10 m on North and West Side

Fire Compartment

South Side Unprotected Openings









East Side Unprotected Openings









Limiting Distance of 6 m on South and East Side

Fire Compartment

Materials and Methods

Building Structure and Foundation

Materials and Methods

Below Grade

• Retaining walls are reinforced concrete.

• The steel columns are encased in concrete

• The slab over the basement storage 8.75” flat slab with 5.75” drop panels

• 5’ by 5’ feet capitals supports (Fig. 1)

Above Grade

• The building has a steel frame structure with moment resistance frames. (Fig. 2 & 3)

• The reinforced concrete joist and slab structure are supported by a steel frame of beams and

columns 6.75 X 5.5 Grid (Fig. 4)

• The typical floor - 8” concrete joist and 3” concrete slab

• The roof structure is a reinforced concrete joist and slab construction

Structural stability

Monetary Times Building was designed to support 6 floors, but only 4 were built.

Studies shows that the steel columns and concrete footings, along with the floors, indicate a load

capacity of 150 #/sf. over six floors.

Fig. 1 Column Capital Fig. 2 Steel frame Structure Fig. 3 Moment Resistance Fig. 4 Grid

6.7

5.5

Concrete and Steel Structure

Building Envelope and Components

Simple Brick Cladding on South and East facade

South and East Facade

• Designed as typical industrial structure, the elevations are

composed of concrete masonry units brick facing in common

bond (Fig. 1), with large industrial steel sash windows (Fig. 2)

(2.4m high x 3 to 6m wide) and concrete sills.

• Steel canopy at the East entrance (Fig. 3)

• Tall neighboring buildings shade the Monetary Times building

at the south and east side of the building (Fig. 4 & 5)

Fig. 1 Brick Cladding Fig. 2 Steel Sash Windows Fig. 3 Entrance Canopy Fig. 4 Winter Sun Fig. 5 Summer Sun


North and West facade


The concrete vertical piers reaching up to two and half floor high on a

four-foot high concrete base along Church and Gerrard Street


The spandrels over the first floor windows are finished in precast terrazzo, the second

floor level in art-deco motifs and the third floor in brick cladding


At the roofline, the piers terminate in delightful multiple-plane stone caps

that project slightly above the parapet


North and East facade details

South East Facade

• At the roofline, the piers terminate in stone caps that project slightly above the parapet.

(Fig. 1)

• Between these caps are decorative panels featuring sunbursts framed by stylized foliage(Fig. 2)

• At the top of the cast-stone base, the piers are decorated with subtle grooves

• Art-Deco floral motif, with rows of simple dentils on second floor (Fig. 3)

• The spandrels over the first floor windows were finished with precast terrazzo

• Fluted-recessed concrete surrounded with terrazzo and decorated iron work (Fig. 4) at the

main door (Fig. 5)

Fig. 1 Stone Cap Fig. 2 Decorative Panels Fig. 3 Art-Deco details

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gNorth Elevation West ElevationFig. 4 & 5 West Door Detail


Recent renovation

During the renovation, Lett-Smith architects added a new layer of insulation on the inside of all exterior walls

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Concrete Cab

Concrete Cladding

Asphalt felt

8” Concrete Joist + 3” Concrete Slab

Air gap

Gypsum false ceiling

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Double Glazed windows with Thermal Break

Window Sill

External brick/concrete cladding

Masonry wall

3 inch Rigid Insulation + 6 Mil. Poly Vapor Barrier

Gypsum board w/ paint finish

Plastic laminate sill and Apron

External concrete cladding

Masonry wall

3 inch Rigid Insulation + 6 Mil. Poly Vapor Barrier

Concrete retaining wall

Concrete footing


Failures in building envelope

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Co

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ionLeakage in

Barrier continuity

Water shedding surface

Air Barrier

Vapor Barrier

Evidence of failures in the building envelope is visible through out the external facade

Cracked window sills around the building

Cracked conc. cladding Water logging in facade

Interior Partitions and finishes

Materials and methods

Interior Partitions

• Standard 6”concrete block in the 1st floor (with 1 hr. fire rating for corridors walls)

• ULC- W407- 1 hr. rating with 1 ½”mineral wool Batts, 3 5/8” steel studs & 1/2” THK G.W.B

on both sides used in the upper floor as fire rated separation for the corridor walls)

• 3 5/8” steel studs with 1 ½” sound attenuation Batts & 5/8” THK G.W.B.

• Glass Block wall Decora Pattern 8”x8”x4”, used in the laboratories of the second floor.

Painted gypsum false ceiling with light cove, Vinyl flooring and metal framed doors. Glass block wall at second floorWest side staircase

Building Information Modeling - Revit

Revit

Advantages of Building Informational Modeling over other drafting software

“The idea is to create a 3D model or "virtual" representation of the real physical building. Each 3D element has Information ( referred to as "metadata" ) input into it so that the data can be scheduled automatically, and shared downstream with other stakeholders and team members who may use Revit or other programs such as Navisworks to combine all models from the various design teams”

Qamar Ul Islam, Savoir-Faire | Assistant Professor | Revit enthusiast

Revit was used as the primary tool of analysis for the purpose of this assignment. To achieve maximum

productivity in a short period of time, work-collaboration was used. This allowed multiple users to work

simultaneously to create and develop the building information model.

Existing AutoCAD files provided by the planning department of Ryerson University were imported into the

Revit model as reference. This allowed to create an accurate BIM model based on the as-built drawings.

These are some of many features of Revit which helped us achieve this analysis.

• Work Sharing

• Constraints, Element Identity and Documentation

• Parametric Components, and 3-Directional associativity

• Customizable drawing templates

Floors & Grid Envelope Interiors Ext-Cladding Site and LandscapeStructureWork-sets

Building Information Modeling

Work-sharing

Work sets were established to categorize the development of BIM in the order of

construction. The BIM manager developed the base-model structural elements, base building

envelopes, standardized doors and windows etc. Thereafter each team member developed

the details to create a complete model.

Building Structure

• Foundation

• Retaining walls

• Columns and beams

• Service and circulation cores

Building Envelope

• Exterior walls

• External doors and windows

• External cladding

Building Interiors

• Internal partition walls

• Interior doors and openings

Site and Related Elements

• Site components and massing.


Constraints, Element Identity and Documentation

Each element created in Revit has a an Identity and set of data attached to it. This can be the physical

properties of the indented material of construction or the quantification. Documentation is no longer

manual. The information is already there. All you have to do is extract it.

Element Identity Stair• Type

• Level Constraints

• Offset from Wall

Customization 1• Length

• Height

• Number of Stairs

Customization 2• Details of Riser

• Structural Details

• Nosing Detail

Extract Schedule• Required Information

• Quantity of building materials

• Load and Structural information

Publish Schedule• Bill of Quantities

• Load Schedule

• Manufacture's details


Parametric Components, and 3-Directional associativity

5050 X 2350

4150 X 2350

3950 X 2350

3450 X 2350

Each element is a 3d object with parameters that can be modified to modify the entity

Entire model is a single database with all elements interrelated. The significance of this is that when

you make any changes in one location all affected elements will dynamically update.

Ext - WindowArt – Deco Ornament


Parametric Components, and 3-Directional associativity

Art–Deco Detailing


Art–Deco Detailing

Photograph of Staircase Revit 360 Rendering


Customizable drawing templates

Default workspace• Concept Design

• Working Drawings

• Co-ordination

Architectural Plan Template• Presentation Drawings

• Tender Drawings

• Working Drawings

Color Schemes• Room Tags

• Occupancy classification

• Phasing

3D Drawings• I-Plan Presentation

• Client Meetings

• Reference Views


Renderings

Photograph of Staircase Revit 360 Rendering

Thank you.

Analysis of Monetary Times Building

Documents

Transcript of Analysis of Monetary Times Building