Analysis of Chapter V Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man by James Joyce Interpreted by Sarah...
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Analysis of Chapter VPortrait of the Artist as a Young Man by James Joyce
Interpreted by Sarah Allen and Carolyn Caggia
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Questions
Can excrement or a child or a louse be a work of art?
If a man hacking in fury at a block of wood make there an image of a cow, is that image a work of art?
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James Joyce: Life
• James Augustine Aloysius Joyce
• February 2nd, 1882 – January 13th, 1941
• Ireland• Ulysses• Stream of Consciousness
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James Joyce: Dublin
• Capital of Ireland• Birth city• Clongowes, Belvedere,
and University College Dublin
• Central theme (unhealthy obsession?)
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Ireland (1882-1941)
• HOME RULE• Parnell • Catholics vs. Protestants
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Europe (1882-1941)
• Aristotle• Aquinas• Lessing• St. Stephen the Martyr • John the Baptist
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Chapter V: A Quick Summary
• Years have passed and Stephen is attending university.
• His separation and independence from his family become evident.
• Stephen becomes increasingly interested in Aristotle’s Poetics and the works of St. Thomas Aquinas.
• He meets Emma again. • Stephen decides to leave Ireland, and the novel
closes in first-person as a journal.
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Stephen’s all grown up!
• Moved from sensuality and unfocused desire to a methodical, scientific approach to seeing beauty.
• Stephen has changed– Becomes aware that Ireland is a trap– Separated from his family– Grows intellectually at university
• Begins to see women as more than just objects or ideas of beauty which he cannot ever attain.
• Paradoxically, he leaves Ireland for freedom.
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Stephen’s Friends
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Defying Conformity
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Stephen’s Increasing Freedom
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Symbols: Rain
• Turf-colored bath water at Clongowes
• The bath Stephen's mom gives him
• Rain drives Stephen and Lynch to the
library
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Symbols: Birds
• "When the soul of a man is born in this country there are nets flung at it to hold it back from flight. You talk to me of nationality, language, religion. I shall try to fly by those nets." -Pg. 220
• At the beginning of 5.3, Stephen sees birds but is unable to identify them (Pg. 243) o These birds leave and then
return
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Symbols: Mythical Allusions
Thoth: • Egyptian god of wisdom• Head of an ibis
Delphi: • Adelphi Hotel• Oracle of Delphi
o Greek mythology
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Chiasmic Symmetry
• Mirror • Everything we discussed• Pg. 203: "...bucket and
lamp and lamp and bucket"
• Stephen's two meetings with Emma
• Turpin Hero begins in first person and ends in third person, Portrait of the Artist begins in third person and ends in first person
• Starts young, gets old, ends young
• Birds fly off, come back on
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Aesthetics: Definition
aes·thet·icsnoun (plural) /esˈTHetiks/ 1. A set of principles concerned with the nature and appreciation of beauty, esp. in art 2. The branch of philosophy that deals with the principles of beauty and artistic taste
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Aesthetics: Pity and Terror
Pity: • "Pity is the feeling which
arrests the mind in the presence of whatsoever is grave and constant in human sufferings and unites it with the human sufferer."
Terror: • "Terror is the feeling
which arrests the mind in the presence of whatsoever is grave and constant in human sufferings and unites it with a secret cause."
Pg. 221
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Aesthetics: Static and Kinetic Art
Static: • Esthetic emotion• The mind is arrested
and raised above desire and loathing
• Ideal pity or ideal terror
Kinetic:• Pornography and didactic
art• Improper arts• Arts that excite kinetic
emotionso Desire: urges to possess or
go to somethingo Loathing: urges to abandon
or go from something
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Aesthetics: Inferior and Superior Art
Inferior: • Does not present the
forms (lyrical, epical, and dramatic) as clearly distinguished from one another
• Pornographic and didactic art
Superior: • Literature is the highest
and most spiritual form of art
• Makes you feel stasis
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Aesthetics: Lyrical and Epic Forms
Lyrical: • The simplest verbal
vesture of an instant of emotion
• A rhythmical cry that might cheer on a man at grueling toil
• Stresses the instant of emotion rather than the feeling of emotion
Epic: • Separates from lyrical
when the artist prolongs and broods upon himself as the center of an epical event
• The narrative is no longer purely personal
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Integritas, Consonantia, and Claritas
• Wholeness, Harmony, and Radiance
• Needed for beauty
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Elements of Tragedy
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Tragedy
• A tragic play involves a hero suffering misfortune.
• Considered the opposite of comedy.
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Aristotle’s Definition of Tragedy
“A tragedy is the imitation of an action that is serious and also, as having magnitude, complete in itself; in appropriate and
pleasurable language;… in a dramatic rather than narrative form; with incidents arousing
pity and fear, wherewith to accomplish a catharsis of these emotions.”
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Basically…
• A tragedy deals with one issue and is serious. Ex. Death. (not breaking a fingernail.)
• Has a chorus which is easy to understand. Greek tragedies had a chorus whose role was to comment on the play. Like little narrators.
• The play is acted out, not told like a story.• The events should make the audience feel sorry for
the main character. The audience should fear for the hero as he or she moves towards a downfall.
• The catharsis occurs when the hero falls flat on his/her face and realizes mistakes when the audience can finally let out their breath.
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A History of Theater
• Greek drama started to honor the gods.• Thespis became known as the first actor when
he stepped of a chorus to speak to them. • Sophocles (b. 496 BC)was one of the first great
dramatists. He wrote many plays but only seven survive today. His tragic plays influenced Aristotle’s analysis of tragedy.
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So Who is Aristotle?
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Aristotle’s Definition of a Tragic Hero
• Comes from nobility• Tragic flaw or hamartia (caused by a simple mistake or
character flaw- such as excessive pride or hubris)• Undergoes a reversal of fortune (falls from high to
low). Most have these elements:– Catastrophe: Change of fortune– Perepiteia: Reversal of intention– Anagnorisis: Recognition of catastrophe after perepiteia
• Has a downfall• Recognizes mistakes (in a catharsis or purging of fear)
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Play Structure
• Exposition• Rising Action• Climax• Falling Action• Resolution
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Aristotle’s Six Elements of Drama
• Plot (incidents, storyline)• Character (people, ideas, etc. represented in
the play)• Thought/Theme (insights into humanity and
life)• Music (sound)• Spectacle (scenery and other visual elements)• Diction/Language (dialogue or poetry)
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