users to create “virtual instruments” and tocollaborate in real time.

This book is divided into four parts. PartI, consisting of the first five chapters (pp.1-158), presents an introduction to thefundamentals of remote virtual instru-mentation, Internet technology, andLabVIEW servers. Part II, consisting ofchapters 6-12 (pp. 161-430), gives an over-view of web technologies and illustratesthe different possibilities for monitoringand controlling LabVIEW over Webbrowsers through a personal computer.Part III consists of chapter 13 (pp.431-478) only. It is a practical chapter onusing the Internet toolkit of LabVIEW forother network services such as sendingand receiving e-mails and data via ftp andservices like telnet. Part IV, consisting ofchapters 14 and 15 (pp. 480-571), on prac-tical applications, focuses on practicalguidelines for designing LabVIEW appli-cations. There are three appendices, aglossary, and an index at the end of thebook. Appendix A (pp. 573-575) is a guideto all the software on the accompanyingCD. Appendix B (pp. 577-580) is a guide toweb resources related to the book. Appen-dix C (pp. 581-593) has a reference list forapplications and Internet resources in thebook. There is a glossary of technicalterms as well as an index.

Transmission of data and informationthrough Internet has many obvious merits;for example, to link far away, separated re-search groups together to share expensiveequipment and to work on some experi-ments, or to send X-ray or MRI imagesfrom a remote hospital to experts in a dis-tant hospital for evaluation. This bookpresents a nice review of the Internet andLabVIEW including the explanation ofmany acronyms. Although the book ismostly devoted to LabVIEW, much of thematerial is actually applicable in general toother progress, especially the material inParts III and IV. LabVIEW is basically soft-ware for data acquisition. Nowadays, it iseasy to transmit pictures or even moviesthrough the Internet. The potential impactto scientific research and advances to everybranch of science and industry is beyondour imagination. This book is definitely ofinterest to people using LabVIEW and alsoto people interested in the Internet.

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OFINTEGRATED CIRCUITANTENNA MODULES

Edited by K.C. Gupta and Peter S. Hall,John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2000.

The integration of transmit/receiveelectronic components (circuits) and radi-ating elements (antennas) into a singlemodule can be a cost-effective way to im-plement innovative solutions for bothcommercial and military applications.While a number of technological difficul-ties have nowadays been solved by thepush of the rapidly evolving telecommuni-cation market, the problem remains of ac-complishing the design of this class ofdevices in an effective and optimized man-ner. In fact, when a tight electromagneticcoupling exists between the circuit andthe antenna, a separate study is not ade-quate, and even the most up-to-date gen-eral-purpose CAD tools might provideinsufficient help to the designer. It istherefore a timely choice of the two edi-tors to combine, into a single handy book,their own contributions and those of theother 14 researchers in the field (fromboth academic and industrial organiza-tions in United States and Europe), topresent the state-of-the-art of this fasci-nating and multidisciplinary research anddevelopment area.

The basic theory and the main applica-tions of integrated circuit-antenna mod-ules (ICAMs) are illustrated in 11monographic chapters, each one con-cluded with a list of references. A global in-dex ends the book.

Following the general Preface consider-ations, the first chapter (by K.C. Gupta andP.S. Hall) provides an historical and techni-cal introduction to the topic by supplying auseful glossary and several tables definingthe various ICAM classes, and by discussingthe design challenges they pose, dependingon the involved degree of integration.

Chapter 2 (by K.C. Gupta and P.S. Hall)reviews the CAD process and the simula-tion techniques separately available forthe study of microwave circuits and ofprinted antennas, and shows how theymust be further integrated for ICAM de-sign purposes. It serves also as an intro-duction to the subsequent four chapters,

in which the various analytical methodsare presented in more detail.

Chapter 3 (by P.S. Hall, V.F. Fusco, andM.J. Cryan) focuses on the “equivalent cir-cuit”-based simulation approach, whosemain concepts and algorithms are con-cisely exposed, and which is shown—bymeans of application examples—to be auseful method to make a quick first step inthe design of ICAM subsystems.

Chapter 4 (by K.C. Gupta and R.P.Parrikar) introduces the concept of amultiport network model (MNM), indi-cated as a convenient solution to maintaincompatibility with circuit-oriented simu-lators while achieving enhanced accuracyin the modeling of patch antennas.

Chapters 5 and 6 are dedicated to themore powerful, but computationally in-tensive, “full-wave” electromagnetic anal-ysis methods and their application toICAM simulation. In particular, Chapter 5(by R. Gillard, M. Drissi, and J. Citerne) fo-cuses on global electromagnetic simula-tion in the frequency domain. Afterreviewing the basic concepts of integralequations and method of moments, theproblem of embedding lumped elements(both linear and nonlinear) in the treat-ment is discussed in some detail, becauseof its relevance in the analysis of ICAMs.Chapter 6 (by Y. Quian and T. Itoh) is in-stead devoted to time-domain approaches,and, in particular, to the finite-differencebased method (FDTD). After introducingthe theoretical grounds and implementa-tion algorithms, the attention is subse-quently focused on the methodapplication to the simulation of micro-wave integrated circuits and antennas. Ap-proaches for including lumped elementsinto FDTD are finally covered.

Once the presentation of the basic anal-ysis methods is accomplished, the treat-ment focuses on two specific circuitconfigurations, for which dedicated mod-eling and simulation techniques havebeen developed. Chapter 7 (by R.A. York)is devoted to one of the most importantclass of devices that benefit from ICAMtechnology: integrated antenna arraysexploiting oscillator injection-lockingtechniques. By adopting a simplifiedtreatment (based on Kurokawa’s expan-sion), the dynamical response of various

IEEE CIRCUITS & DEVICES MAGAZINE � JANUARY 2002 29 �

system architectures are compared.Phase noise properties and the alterna-tive (or concurrent) use of PLL circuitryare also discussed. Chapter 8 (by W.A.Shiroma, E.W. Bryerton, and Z. Popovic)deals with another important class of de-vices in the ICAM panorama: oscillatorgrids and arrays. Within the framework ofan infinite-array simplification, cir-cuit-oriented design methods are pre-sented together with examples ofpractical realizations, which clearly illus-trate the potentials of these systems forspatial power combining at millime-ter-wave frequencies through quasi-opti-cal techniques.

The book continues with the presenta-tion of two important application areas,which are expected to take the greatest ad-vantage from adoption of ICAM-based so-lutions. The first one, dealt with inChapter 9 (by L.R. Whicker), concerns ac-tive phased-array antennas for radar andspace communication applications. Inthis class of systems, the monolithic inte-gration—already successfully applied toT/R circuits—can be further extended toinclude also the radiating element, thusobtaining the top-most advanced imple-mentation of the ICAM concept. State-of-the-art in this field is presented, showingthat the degree of integration already at-tained is limited, but that significantachievements can be expected in the nearfuture. The second application area inves-tigated pertains to the realization ofbroadband wireless access devices for “ra-dio on fiber” telecommunication systems,as discussed in Chapter 10 (by H.Ghafouri-Shiraz). After an introduction tothis new, emerging technology and thepresentation of the best suited systemconfigurations (including millime-ter-wave signal generation by optoelec-tronic means), it is shown that the use ofIC-antenna modules is essential to satisfyconstraints on size, weight, and cost forthe remote nodes of this pico-cellular net-work. Examples of practical realizationsare then presented, illustrating that theintegration concept can be further ex-tended here to include the optoelectronicinterface; e.g., by incorporating aphotoHBT detector/amplifier into theICAM structure.

The concluding Chapter 11 (by P.S. Halland K.C. Gupta) is devoted to summariz-ing the analysis methods presented and tohighlighting the problems raised but notcompletely solved, as well as providing anindication of what can be expected to bethe evolution of ICAMs in the near future.

Overall, this book is informative andwell written, and it exhibits a good balancebetween exposition depth and width. Fur-thermore, one can affirm that the statedgoal of “raising the profile of the topic” hasbeen achieved, since the reader’s curiosityon ICAM technology and design issues isundoubtedly stimulated by the proposedblending of successful achievements andproblems still open for investigation. Assuch, the book can be recommended bothas a textbook for graduate-level courses inelectronics as well as a reference for mi-crowave engineering professionals. It canbe also suggested to researchers alreadyinvolved in some of the subtopics ad-dressed by the book, who should find in itsreading the incentive for further extend-ing the interdisciplinary aspects of theirown work, with the goal of developingeven more comprehensive and “inte-grated” simulation and design methods.

—Prof. Enrico F. CalandraPalermo University

RIDGE WAVEGUIDES ANDPASSIVE MICROWAVE

COMPONENTSBy J. Helszajn, M. McKay, and M. Caplin.IEE, 2000, 327 pp.

This book is the 49th volume in the IEEElectromagnetic Waves Series, which isedited by Professor P.J.B. Clarricoats andProf. E.V. Jull. The author of this book is J.Helszajn; M. McKay is the co-author of thechapters 5, 6, 7, 12, and 14, and M. Caplinis the co-author of chapter 3. It is pub-lished by the Institution of Electrical En-gineers, London, United Kingdom, and is327 pages.

This book has 19 chapters. Chapter 1 in-troduces the fundamental quantities andconcepts of the ridge waveguide, such ascut-off space, impedance, and attenuation.Chapter 2 discusses the propagation andimpedance of rectangular waveguides.Ridge waveguides are divided into several

chapters for different types and theoreticalmethods. Chapter 3 applies the transverseresonance method to the impedance.Chapters 4 and 5 discusses double-ridgewaveguide fields, propagation, attenuation,and the finite-element method. Chapter 6discusses the finite-element method ap-plied to the single-ridge waveguide. Char-acterization of discontinuity effects ofsingle ridge waveguides is discussed inChapter 11. Two other types of ridgewaveguides are dielectric loaded and qua-druple. The propagation constant and im-pedance of the dielectric loaded waveguideand its polarization are discussed in chap-ters 7 and 8. The quadruple ridge wave-guide and its Faraday rotation arediscussed in chapters 9 and 10. Chapters 12through 18 discus some passive microwavecomponents: directional coupler, filter,phase-shifter, and circulator etc. Chapter19 discusses variational calculus,functionals, and the Rayleigh-Ritz proce-dure as well as the Helmholtz differentialequation.

The ridge waveguide is now increasinglyused in microwave transmission lines. Itcan separate the dominant mode and thefirst-order mode wider than the conven-tional way. Most passive components inmicrowave engineering, such as direc-tional couplers, filters, phase shifters, etc.,can be realized in the ridge topology, andthe ridge waveguide has been gettingmore attention. This book discusses eachtype of ridge waveguide and its related pas-sive components. It will be a good refer-ence book for persons working incorresponding subjects.

TURBO CODES: PRINCIPLESAND APPLICATIONS

by Branka Vucetic and Jinhong Yuan,Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.

Recently discovered turbo coding tech-niques are rapidly finding widespread ap-plications in telecommunications, and thebook Turbo Codes: Principles and Appli-cations by Branka Vucetic and JinhongYuan is one of the very few treating thissubject extensively and deeply enough.The book is primarily intended for use byengineers and by advanced students. Al-though it includes basic materials, most of

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