ANALISIS PERHITUNGAN LEACHING

1. SILINDER Berat Mula-mula = 46.023 gr Panjang = 9.5 cm Diameter = 2.8 cm Luas Permukaan = 95.8328 T oven = 90 C

NO WAKTU (menit) BERAT BAHAN (gr)1 10 44.29 36 522 20 44.0477 37 613 30 43.9334 37 544 40 43.7827 38 595 50 43.742 37 546 60 43.667 36 577 70 43.5723 37 558 80 43.5489 37 559 90 43.5407 36 53

10 100 43.423 40 5711 110 43.3782 45 5612 120 43.3561 48 5513 130 43.2857 48 5414 140 43.23 50 5715 150 43.1876 50 56

1 kadar air ( X ) = xkecepatan pengeringan ( R ) = y

Y = aX + b

x y y hit % kesalahan2.5526 0.001808 0.001724 4.68105121991.9915 0.002061 0.002004 2.76373849441.7269 0.002180 0.002137 2.01363502521.3779 0.002338 0.002311 1.14163784431.2837 0.002380 0.002358 0.92589613651.1100 0.002458 0.002445 0.54786126830.8908 0.002557 0.002555 0.10358234660.8366 0.002582 0.002582 0.00095696230.8176 0.002590 0.002591 0.03712404690.5451 0.002713 0.002727 0.53111615940.4413 0.002760 0.002779 0.70759108070.3902 0.002783 0.002805 0.79246297060.2271 0.002856 0.002886 1.05368794630.0982 0.002914 0.002951 1.2510360825

0 0.002959 0.003000 1.396064047417.9474

cm2

T wet (oC) T dry (oC)

y = -0.0005 x+ 0.0031.1965 %

2 waktu = xkec. pengeringan ( R ) = yy = a Ln(x) + b

R = y waktu = x yhit %kesalahan0.001808 10 0.001721034 4.82890.002061 20 0.0019982929 3.05170.002180 30 0.002160479 0.91660.002338 40 0.0022755518 2.65920.002380 50 0.0023648092 0.64610.002458 60 0.0024377378 0.84240.002557 70 0.0024993981 2.26290.002582 80 0.0025528107 1.11840.002590 90 0.0025999239 0.37380.002713 100 0.0026420681 2.61660.002760 110 0.0026801921 2.88480.002783 120 0.0027149967 2.43890.002856 130 0.0027470138 3.82710.002914 140 0.002776657 4.72800.002959 150 0.0028042541 5.2199

38.4153

y= 0.0004 ln(x)+ 0.00082.5610 %

3 waktu = xkadar air ( X ) = y

x y yhit %kesalahan10 2.5526 2.316300 9.256678265620 1.9915 2.047300 2.799643622830 1.7269 1.794300 3.903875945340 1.3779 1.557300 13.016382927250 1.2837 1.336300 4.097384343460 1.1100 1.131300 1.915168710970 0.8908 0.942300 5.785483441680 0.8366 0.769300 8.042566620590 0.8176 0.612300 25.1096927782

100 0.5451 0.471300 13.5330676296110 0.4413 0.346300 21.5327078699

% kesalahan rata2 =

% kesalahan rata2 =

y = a x2 + bx = c

120 0.3902 0.237300 39.178531276130 0.2271 0.144300 36.4732856269140 0.0982 0.067300 31.4498707547150 0 0.006300 -

216.0943398128

y = 8.00E-05 X^2+ -0.029314.4063 %

4 Konstanta kecepatan pengeringan

kadar air rata -rata = 0.9526345525kecepatan pengeringan rata-rata = 2.5294E-03

Tw = 40.8 C 105.44Td = 55.67 C 132.2

R = 0.0025293845

Y' = 0.047Ya = 0.0755599334 atm pa =

Pai = 2.369042 psia= 174.886064786

Kg = 0.000014463

5 Mencari ko dan hHw - H = - h ( Td - Tw )

ko A

a. ko dicari dengan grafik hubungan ( 1 / A ) ( W / t ) Vs ( Hw - H )y = a x

y = ( 1 / A ) ( W / t ) = Rx = ( Hw - H )a = ko

% kesalahan rata2 =

gr/cm2

ko = tg X1

1 / A = 0.0104348407

w W t 44.29 -1.733 10

44.0477 -0.2423 2043.9334 -0.1143 3043.7827 -0.1507 4043.742 -0.0407 5043.667 -0.075 60

43.5723 -0.0947 7043.5489 -0.0234 8043.5407 -0.0082 9043.423 -0.1177 100

43.3782 -0.0448 11043.3561 -0.0221 12043.2857 -0.0704 130

43.23 -0.0557 14043.1876 -0.0424 150

No y x1 0.0018084 72 0.0020612 113 0.0021805 84 0.0023377 95 0.0023802 86 0.0024584 87 0.0025573 98 0.0025817 99 0.0025902 8

10 0.0027131 911 0.0027598 612 0.0027829 413 0.0028563 314 0.0029145 415 0.0029587 3

y = -0.00009% kesalahan Rata2 = 7.9229315005

-0.00009

b. Mencari h dari grafik hubungan ( Hw - H ) Vs ( Td - Tw )y = ( Hw - H )x = ( Td - Tw )

No x y1 28.8 72 43.2 113 30.6 8

cm2

ko = tg X1 =

4 37.8 95 30.6 86 37.8 87 32.4 98 32.4 99 30.6 8

10 30.6 911 19.8 612 12.6 413 10.8 314 12.6 415 10.8 3

y = 0.2252% kesalahan Rata2 = 7.3530670034

-

= 0.2252

h == -0.000020268

tg X2 =

tg X1 * tg X2

ANALISIS PERHITUNGAN LEACHING

X (%)0.0018084 2.55260.0020612 1.99150.0021805 1.72690.0023377 1.37790.0023802 1.28370.0024584 1.11000.0025573 0.89080.0025817 0.83660.0025902 0.81760.0027131 0.54510.0027598 0.44130.0027829 0.39020.0028563 0.22710.0029145 0.09820.0029587 00.0379408 14.2895183

R (gr /cm2 menit)

0.0000 0.5000 1.0000 1.5000 2.0000 2.5000 3.00000.000000

0.000500

0.001000

0.001500

0.002000

0.002500

0.003000

0.003500

f(x) = - 0.0004506557x + 0.0029586947

kadar air Vs Kec pengeringan

ydata yhitkadar air

kec

peng

erin

gan

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 1600.000000

0.000500

0.001000

0.001500

0.002000

0.002500

0.003000

0.003500

f(x) = 0.0004180335 ln(x) + 0.0007893049

w aktu Vs kec pengeringan

ydata yhitwaktu

kec

peng

erin

gan

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 1600.0000

0.5000

1.0000

1.5000

2.0000

2.5000

3.0000

f(x) = 8.37832737464325E-005x^2 - 0.0292654483x + 2.6012620228

waktu Vs Kadar air

ydata yhitwaktu

kada

r air

x+ 2.6013

FF

78.0911911765

140

132.2

130

2.2225 Pai 2.8886.

ko dicari dengan grafik hubungan ( 1 / A ) ( W / t ) Vs ( Hw - H )

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 1600.0000

0.5000

1.0000

1.5000

2.0000

2.5000

3.0000

f(x) = 8.37832737464325E-005x^2 - 0.0292654483x + 2.6012620228

waktu Vs Kadar air

ydata yhitwaktu

kada

r air

Ft wet t dry Hw

t ( W / t ) 96.8 125.6 3110 -0.1733 98.6 141.8 3310 -0.02423 98.6 129.2 3310 -0.01143 100.4 138.2 3510 -0.01507 98.6 129.2 3310 -0.00407 96.8 134.6 3110 -0.0075 98.6 131 3310 -0.00947 98.6 131 3310 -0.00234 96.8 127.4 3110 -0.00082 104 134.6 4110 -0.01177 113 132.8 5810 -0.00448 118.4 131 7210 -0.00221 118.4 129.2 7210 -0.00704 122 134.6 8210 -0.00557 122 132.8 8210 -0.00424

y hit % kesalahan0.00247 36.58800692440.00211 2.36784690930.00238 9.15106431850.00229 2.04119448290.00238 0.00786321790.00238 3.19097453310.00229 10.45125392740.00229 11.29820459970.00238 8.11664021270.00229 15.59341846150.00256 7.23987900790.00274 1.54041321380.00283 0.92177547220.00274 5.98572431080.00283 4.3497129153

118.8439725074

x+ 0.0031%

yhit % kesalahan7.52626 7.518

10.76914 2.09872727277.93162 0.85475

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 120.0000000

0.0005000

0.0010000

0.0015000

0.0020000

0.0025000

0.0030000

0.0035000

f(x) = - 0.00009x + 0.00313

( 1 / A ) ( W / t ) Vs ( Hw - H )

Ydata yhit ( Hw - H )

( 1

/ A )

( W

/ t

)

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 5002468

1012

f(x) = 0.2251927866x + 1.0405076965

( Hw - H ) Vs ( Td - Tw )

ydata Yhit ( Hw - H )

( Td

- Tw

)

9.55306 6.14511111117.93162 0.854759.55306 19.413258.33698 7.36688888898.33698 7.36688888897.93162 0.854757.93162 11.87088888895.49946 8.34233333333.87802 3.04953.47266 15.75533333333.87802 3.04953.47266 15.7553333333

110.2960050505x+ 1.0405

%

hko A

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 5002468

1012

f(x) = 0.2251927866x + 1.0405076965

( Hw - H ) Vs ( Td - Tw )

ydata Yhit ( Hw - H )

( Td

- Tw

)

H ( Hw - H )24 722 1125 826 925 823 824 924 923 832 952 668 469 378 479 3

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 120.0000000

0.0005000

0.0010000

0.0015000

0.0020000

0.0025000

0.0030000

0.0035000

f(x) = - 0.00009x + 0.00313

( 1 / A ) ( W / t ) Vs ( Hw - H )

Ydata yhit ( Hw - H )

( 1

/ A )

( W

/ t

)

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 5002468

1012

f(x) = 0.2251927866x + 1.0405076965

( Hw - H ) Vs ( Td - Tw )

ydata Yhit ( Hw - H )

( Td

- Tw

)

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 5002468

1012

f(x) = 0.2251927866x + 1.0405076965

( Hw - H ) Vs ( Td - Tw )

ydata Yhit ( Hw - H )

( Td

- Tw

)

1. BALOK Berat Mula-mula = 117.966 gr Panjang = 8.9 cm Tinggi = 4.4 cm Lebar = 2.5 cm Luas Permukaan = 144.8200 T oven = 90 C

NO WAKTU (menit) BERAT BAHAN (gr)1 10 115.95 36 522 20 111.0621 37 613 30 108.2361 37 544 40 104.5944 38 595 50 101.9622 37 546 60 99.64 36 577 70 97.3174 37 558 80 95.5336 37 559 90 94.0783 36 53

10 100 91.7041 40 5711 110 90.3306 45 5612 120 89.1196 48 5513 130 87.8147 48 5414 140 86.4039 50 5715 150 85.4456 50 56

1 kadar air ( X ) = xkecepatan pengeringan ( R ) = y

X (%) y yhit % kesalahan35.7003754436 0.001392 0.001080 22.43403929.9798936399 0.004767 0.004512 5.35247026.6725261453 0.006719 0.006496 3.306215

22.411 0.009233 0.009054 1.94476119.3299596468 0.011051 0.010902 1.34648416.6122070651 0.012654 0.012533 0.96136113.8939863492 0.014258 0.014164 0.66281811.8063422809 0.015490 0.015416 0.47550410.1031533514 0.016495 0.016438 0.3434077.3245433352 0.018134 0.018105 0.1593275.7170878313 0.019083 0.019070 0.0672764.2998118101 0.019919 0.019920 0.0066132.7726413063 0.020820 0.020836 0.0795871.1215322966 0.021794 0.021827 0.151695

0 0.022456 0.022500 0.19710737.488663

cm2

T wet (oC) T dry (oC)

y= -0.0006 x+ 0.02252.4992 %

2 waktu = xkec. pengeringan ( R ) = yy = a Ln(x) + b

x y yhit % kesalahan10 0.001392 -0.0010188022 173.18598215620 0.004767 0.0046650046 2.144299248330 0.006719 0.0079898185 18.920597278640 0.009233 0.0103488115 12.081941193850 0.011051 0.0121785886 10.205276715460 0.012654 0.0136736254 8.054918253270 0.014258 0.014937661 4.766040497680 0.015490 0.0160326184 3.504029765690 0.016495 0.0169984393 3.0536208571

100 0.018134 0.0178623955 1.4986684153110 0.019083 0.018643939 2.2986732268120 0.019919 0.0193574323 2.8182600132130 0.020820 0.0200137825 3.8716081647140 0.021794 0.0206214679 5.3801560648150 0.022456 0.0211872094 5.6490182474

257.433090098

y = 0.0082 ln(x)+ -0.019917.1622 %

3 waktu = xkadar air ( X ) = y

x y yhit %kesalahan10 35.700 34.478 3.423984841520 29.980 30.478 1.661468069430 26.673 26.718 0.170489493440 22.411 23.198 3.513903158450 19.330 19.918 3.042118886560 16.612 16.878 1.599985684570 13.894 14.078 1.324412203780 11.806 11.518 2.442265979490 10.103 9.198 8.9591172171

100 7.325 7.118 2.8198800352110 5.717 5.278 7.68027087120 4.300 3.678 14.4613726728130 2.773 2.318 16.3974079608140 1.122 1.198 6.8181454659150 0 0.318 -

74.3148225387

% kesalahan rata2 =

% kesalahan rata2 =

y = ax2 + bx + c

y = 0.0012 x2 -0.4364.9543 %

4 Konstanta kecepatan pengeringan

kadar air rata -rata = 13.8496384444kecepatan pengeringan rata-rata = 1.4284E-02

Tw = 40.8 C 105.44Td = 55.67 C 132.2

R = 0.0142842793

Y' = 0.047Ya = 0.0755599334 Pa = 78.0911911765

Pai = 2.369042 psia= 174.8860647857

Kg = 1.4757E-04

5 Mencari ko dan hHw - H = - h

ko A

a. ko dicari dengan grafik hubungan ( 1 / A ) ( W / t ) Vs ( Hw - H )y = a x

y = ( 1 / A ) ( W / t ) = Rx = ( Hw - H )a = ko

FNo t wet1 96.8

% kesalahan rata2 =

gr/cm2

ko = tg X1

2 98.63 98.64 100.45 98.66 96.87 98.68 98.69 96.8

10 10411 11312 118.413 118.414 12215 122

No y1 0.0013922 0.0047673 0.0067194 0.0092335 0.0110516 0.0126547 0.0142588 0.0154909 0.016495

10 0.01813411 0.01908312 0.01991913 0.02082014 0.02179415 0.022456

y = -0.0017% kesalahan Rata2 = 23.3120875919

-0.0017

b. Mencari h dari grafik hubungan ( Hw - H ) Vs ( Td - Tw )y = ( Hw - H )x = ( Td - Tw )

No y1 72 113 84 95 86 87 98 9

ko = tg X1 =

9 810 911 612 413 314 415 3

y = 0.2252% kesalahan Rata2 = 7.3530670034

-

= 0.2252

h == -0.00038284

tg X2 =

tg X1 * tg X2

X (%)0.001392 35.7000.004767 29.9800.006719 26.6730.009233 22.4110.011051 19.3300.012654 16.6120.014258 13.8940.015490 11.8060.016495 10.1030.018134 7.3250.019083 5.7170.019919 4.3000.020820 2.7730.021794 1.1220.022456 0

0.21426419 207.745

R (gr /cm2 menit)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 400.000000

0.005000

0.010000

0.015000

0.020000

0.025000

f(x) = - 0.0005900124x + 0.0224557382

kadar air Vs kec pengeringan

ydata yhitkadar air

kec

peng

erin

gan

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 1600.000000

0.005000

0.010000

0.015000

0.020000

0.025000

f(x) = 0.008218943 ln(x) - 0.0199273712

waktu Vs kec pengeringan

ydata yhitwaktu

kec

peng

erin

gan

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 1600.000

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

25.000

30.000

35.000

40.000

f(x) = 0.001211376x 2^ - 0.436034375x + 38.7183470606

waktu Vs kadar air

ydata yhitwaktu

kada

r air

x+ 38.718

FF

140

132.2

130

2.2225 Pai 2.8886.

( Td - Tw )

ko dicari dengan grafik hubungan ( 1 / A ) ( W / t ) Vs ( Hw - H )

Ft dry Hw H ( Hw - H )

125.6 31 24 7

gr/cm2 menit

141.8 33 22 11129.2 33 25 8138.2 35 26 9129.2 33 25 8134.6 31 23 8131 33 24 9131 33 24 9

127.4 31 23 8134.6 41 32 9132.8 58 52 6131 72 68 4

129.2 72 69 3134.6 82 78 4132.8 82 79 3

x y hit % kesalahan7 0.0012567 9.724556547611 0.0079 65.7147409448 0.013 93.4922249979 0.0113 22.3837087568 0.013 17.6383109018 0.013 2.73163810989 0.0113 20.7468787239 0.0113 27.0490005538 0.013 21.1870544259 0.0113 37.6866867976 0.0164 14.0577664884 0.0198 0.59640024413 0.0215 3.26685748214 0.0198 9.14939120023 0.0215 4.256097711

349.68131388

x+ 0.0266%

Mencari h dari grafik hubungan ( Hw - H ) Vs ( Td - Tw )

x y hit % kesalahan28.8 7.52626 7.51843.2 10.76914 2.098727272730.6 7.93162 0.8547537.8 9.55306 6.145111111130.6 7.93162 0.8547537.8 9.55306 19.4132532.4 8.33698 7.366888888932.4 8.33698 7.3668888889

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 120.000000

0.005000

0.010000

0.015000

0.020000

0.025000

f(x) = - 0.001741443x + 0.0265904765

( 1 / A ) ( W / t ) Vs ( Hw - H )

Ydata Yhit( Hw - H )

( 1 /

A ) (

W

/ t

)

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 500

2

4

6

8

10

12

f(x) = 0.2251927866x + 1.0405076965

( Hw - H ) Vs ( Td - Tw )

ydata yhit( Td - Tw )

( Hw

- H

)

30.6 7.93162 0.8547530.6 7.93162 11.870888888919.8 5.49946 8.342333333312.6 3.87802 3.049510.8 3.47266 15.75533333312.6 3.87802 3.049510.8 3.47266 15.755333333

110.29600505

x+ 1.0405

hko A

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 500

2

4

6

8

10

12

f(x) = 0.2251927866x + 1.0405076965

( Hw - H ) Vs ( Td - Tw )

ydata yhit( Td - Tw )

( Hw

- H

)

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 1600.000

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

25.000

30.000

35.000

40.000

f(x) = 0.001211376x 2^ - 0.436034375x + 38.7183470606

waktu Vs kadar air

ydata yhitwaktu

kada

r air

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 120.000000

0.005000

0.010000

0.015000

0.020000

0.025000

f(x) = - 0.001741443x + 0.0265904765

( 1 / A ) ( W / t ) Vs ( Hw - H )

Ydata Yhit( Hw - H )

( 1 /

A ) (

W

/ t

)

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 500

2

4

6

8

10

12

f(x) = 0.2251927866x + 1.0405076965

( Hw - H ) Vs ( Td - Tw )

ydata yhit( Td - Tw )

( Hw

- H

)

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 500

2

4

6

8

10

12

f(x) = 0.2251927866x + 1.0405076965

( Hw - H ) Vs ( Td - Tw )

ydata yhit( Td - Tw )

( Hw

- H

)

silinder pejalbalok