AN OVERVIEW OF UTICA SHALE EXPLORATION AND …OIL AND GAS FIELDS OF OHIO OIL GAS Coal Bed Methane...
Transcript of AN OVERVIEW OF UTICA SHALE EXPLORATION AND …OIL AND GAS FIELDS OF OHIO OIL GAS Coal Bed Methane...
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Donald Gillian, 2010
AN OVERVIEW OF UTICA SHALE EXPLORATION AND ASSOCIATED
ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS
Munson Township Notre Dame Elementary School April 4, 2013
Jeffrey C. Dick, PhD Geological and Environmental Sciences Youngstown State University
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OIL AND GAS FIELDS OF OHIO
OIL
GAS
Coal Bed Methane
ODNR Geological Survey, 2011
• Total Oil Production: 1.13 BBO • Total Gas Production: 8.40 TCF • Total # Wells: > 274,000 • Active # Wells: > 64,000
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PRODUCTIVE INTERVALS IN OHIO
Coal Bed Methane Berea Sandstone
Chagrin-Ohio Shale
Marcellus Shale
Big Lime Intervals
Clinton Sandstone
Utica Shale Trenton Limestone Beekmantown Dolomite Rose Run Sandstone Trempealeau Dolomite
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NORTH AMERICA SHALE PLAYS
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HYDRAULIC FRACTURING or FRACKING
• INDUSTRY DEFINITION: A completion process wherein water, sand, and chemical compounds are pumped under high pressure to fracture a producing formation in order to stimulate production.
• COMMON DEFINITION: Just about anything to do with shale production or unconventional drilling
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UTICA DRILLING SITE CARROLL COUNTY, OHIO
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UNCONVENTIONAL DRILLING
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CONVENTIONAL VS UNCONVENTIONAL DRILLING
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TYPICAL FRAC JOB Typical Site Layout – Bradford County, PA
Sand Storage Units
Working Water Tanks Pump Trucks
Chemical Storage
Blender
Tanks of filtered water for re-use
Data Monitoring Van
Frac Heads
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DRILLING IS WATER USE INTENSIVE
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TYPICAL CASING STRING
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Approx. 250 ft thick
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Approx . Depth 5500 ft
UTICA – PT. PLEASANT ELEVATION
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EASTERN OHIO UTICA FAIRWAY MARCH. 30, 2013
• 23 OPERATORS • 20 COUNTIES • 588 PERMITS • 32 WELLS DRILLING • 280 WELLS DRILLED • 80 WELLS PRODUCING
Sources: ODNR Geology Division, 2013; RigData, 2013
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UTICA-POINT. PLEASANT SHALE DRILLING IN OHIO
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THERMAL MATURITY PRODUCTION PROJECTION
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UTICA DRILLING ACTIVITY
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ODNR Geological Survey, 2012
Bucey 1H, 3H, 5H & 6H Carroll County, OH
IDEAL SPACING (DRILLING UNIT) IS ONE PAD PER TWO SQUARE MILES
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USEFUL DEFINITIONS
• PRODUCTION FLUIDS
– OIL, NATURAL GAS, NATURAL GAS LIQUIDS
– BRINE: NATURALLY OCCURING HIGH TDS (>100,000 mg/L) PRODUCED WATER
– FLOWBACK: HYDRAULIC FRACTURING FLUID THAT FLOWS FROM THE WELL DURING INITIAL PRODUCTION TESTING
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MIDSTREAM ACTIVITY
• GATHERING SYSTEM PIPELINES
• COMPRESSION STATIONS
• PROCESSING PLANTS
• CRYOGENIC NGL SEPARATION PLANTS
• RAIL AND TRUCK FACILITIES
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CRYOGENIC NATURAL GAS LIQUIDS PROCESSING PLANT
MARKWEST PLANT NEAR HOUSTON, PA
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MARKWEST UTICA
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PRODUCTION FLUID ISSUES (BRINE AND FLOWBACK)
• DISPOSAL AND RECYCLING ARE CRITICAL TO UTICA SUCCESS IN OHIO
• PA AND WV MARCELLUS PRODUCTION – LIMITED DISPOSAL CAPACITY – US EPA CONTROL & GEOLOGICAL ISSUES
• BRINE PRODUCTION FOR THE LIFE OF A WELL – REMAINS CONSTANT (4 – 6 Bbls/day, 84 – 252 gpd: Marcellus)
– GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION WITH INCREASING NUMBER OF WELLS
• INTIAL MARCELLUS FLOW BACK: 10 – 20 % – RECYCLING AND RE-USE MEASURES ARE EFFECTIVE AS
LONG AS WELLS ARE BEING DRILLED AT A STEADY RATE
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Ohio’s Class II Injection Wells
Brine and frac flow-back water disposal
Put the fluids back from where they came and isolated from surface and ground water
> 65,000 oil & gas wells Operating in Ohio
Primacy est. 1983
196 Permitted
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POTENTIAL SOURCES OF WATER CONTAMINATION
• Production fluid spills/negligent handling
• Production fluid transport
• Drilling fluid spills/mud pit reclamation
• Failed tubing well-head flanges
• Pipeline rupture or corrosion
• Insufficient production fluid storage
• Production fluid disposal – Class 2 Injection
• Bad casing cement job (well casing seal)
• Casing failure – traditional wells
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SPILLAGE POTENTIAL
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BASELINE TESTING
• IMPORTANT TO TEST GROUND WATER AND SURFACE WATER QUALITY PRIOR TO DRILLING AND INJECTION ACTIVITIES
• TESTING IS PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT FOR MUNICIPALITIES WITH PUBLIC DRINKING WATER SOURCES
• OHIO EPA, ODNR and COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENTS RECOMMEND A “3-TIER” SET OF TESTING PARAMETERS
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THANK YOU
Jeffrey C. Dick, Ph.D. Professor and Chair Geological and Environmental Sciences Director, Natural Gas and Water Resources Institute Youngstown State University Youngstown, Ohio 44555 [email protected] 330.941.1756