An Overview of the Geographic Resource Analysis Support ...geo_wgs84_conus Exiting WGS84 Project...

An Overview of the Geographic Resource Analysis

Support System (GRASS)

Donald L. SchruppWildlife Ecologist – CDOW (Retired)

Geospatial Data Management and Analysis, Image Processing,

Graphics and Map Production, Spatial Modeling and Visualization

On Launching GRASS . . .

- GIS Data Directory

- Project (Locations)

- Mapsets

. . . Start GRASS

Setting Up a New Project ( Location and Mapset )

- Database and Location Name

- Choosing a Method to Create a New Location

- Selecting a geo-reference file

(one approach)

- Summary of New 'Project' Info

GRASS – Command Line Interface (CLI)

GRASS – Command Line Interface (CLI)Script Listed

GRASS – Graphical User Interface (GUI)

GRASS – Graphical User Interface (GUI) - Menus

GRASS GUI – Main MenuFILE

RASTER VECTOR

SETTINGS


GRASS GUI – Main Menu

IMAGERY

VOLUMES

HELP

DATABASE



FILE 22 Menu Options 84 Submenu Options

SETTINGS 5 Menu Options 20 Submenu Options

RASTER 23 Menu Options 120 Submenu Options

VECTOR 18 Menu Options 79 Submenu Options

IMAGERY 12 Menu Options 27 Submenu Options

VOLUMES 8 Menu Options 6 Submenu Optioins

DATABASE 4 Menu Options 22 Submenu Options

HELP 4 Menu Options

454 Menu Options



FILE mix of: r. v. r3. g. db.

SETTINGS g.commands 43 commands

RASTER r.commands 161 commands

VECTOR v.commands 120 commands

IMAGERY i.commands 36 commands

VOLUMES r3.commands 17 commands

DATABASE db.commands 14 commands

Menu / Command Prefixes



FILE Command Examples ( 22 / 84 )d.rast Display Rasterd.vect Display Vectorr.in.gdal ( +12 more – r.in.x ) Note: Import via GDALv.in.ogr ( +12 more – v.in.x ) Note: Import via OGRr3.in.ascii ( + 1 more ) Note: Import 3Ddb.in.ogr Note: Vector Data Tables (In)r.out.gdal ( +15 more – r.out.x ) Note: Export via GDALv.out.ogr ( +6 more – v.out.x ) Note: Export via OGRr3.out.gdal ( + 2 more ) Note: Export 3Ddb.out.ogr Note: Vector Data Tables (Out)g.copy/g.list/g.rename/g.remove ( + 2 more ) General Raster/Vector Changesr.to.vect / v.to.rast ( + 6 more ) Raster/Vector ConfersionsGeorectify / Graphic Modeler / Run Model / NVIZ / 3D Image Rendering / Bearing/Distance / Cartographic Composer / Launch Script(s)Exit GUI



SETTING Command Examples ( 5 / 20 )g.region Region settingg.mapset Set Mapsetg.access Grant Data Accessg.gis.env Set Environmental VariablesCreate a New LocationCreate a New Mapsetv.proj Display / Change Map

Projections

m.proj Convert Coordinatesg.extension Add / Update Extensions



RASTER Command Examples ( 23 / 120 )r.digit Digitize Raster(s)r.compress Compress / Decompress Rasterr.region Set Raster Region Boundaryr.proj Reproject Raster Datar.colors ( + 5 more ) Change Raster Color Table(s)r.what Query for a Raster Cells Valuer.buffer / r.circle / r.distance Buffers / Circles / Distancesr.mask Set a Mask Based on a Rasterr.mapcalc Perform Arithmetic on Rastersr.reclass / r.recode / r.rescale Reclass / Recode Raster(s)

Neighborhood Analysis / Overlay Rasters / Solar Radiance and Shadows / Terrain Analysis / Transform Featuers / Hydrologic Modeling / Landscape Structure Modeling / Landscape Patch Analysis /

Wildfire Modeling / Generate Random Cells / Generate Surfaces / Interpolate Surfaces / Reports and Statistics



VECTOR Command Examples ( 18 / 79 )v.digit / v.edit / v.label ( + 8 more) Digitize / Edit / Label Vectorsv.proj Reproject Vectorsv.colors Change Vector Colorsv.what Query a Vector Data Layerv.select / v.extract Select / Extract Vectorsv.to.rast ( + 3 more ) Convert Vectors to Rastersv.buffer Create Buffer from Vector Datav.distance Find Nearest Elements in Datav.in.region Create Vector - Current Regionv.mkgrid Create a Vector-based Grid

LIDAR Analysis / Linear Referencing / Network Analysis / Overlay Vector Maps / Change Vector Attribures / Update Vector Attributes /

Generate Areas from Points / Reports and Statistics



IMAGERY Command Examples ( 12 / 27 )i.group Develop Imagery Groupsi.target Targets Imagery to Location/Mapseti.image.mosaic Mosaic Imagesi.landsat.rgb / i.rgb.his / i.his.rgb Manage Image Colorsi.rectify Rectifies Imagery (Transformation)i.spectral Displays Spectral Response InfoHistogram Visual Display of Image Histogram

Classify Image(s) / Filter Image(s) / Transform Image(s) / Satellite Image Tools / Satellite Image Products / Reports and Statistics



VOLUME Command Examples ( 8 / 6 )r3.null / r3.timestamp Develop Volumesr3.to.rast Map Type Conversionsr3.mask 3D Maskr3.mapcalc Volume Calculatorr3.cross.rast Cross Section Analysisr3.gwflow Groundwater Modelingv.vol.rst Interpolate Volume from Points

Report(s) and Statistics



DATABASE Command Examples ( 4 / 22 )db.drivers List Driversdb.tables List Tablesdb.describe Describe a Tabledb.columns List Columns

Managing Databasesdb.connect / db.login / db.droptable / db.copy / db.dropcol / db.test

Query VectorsQuery Any Table [db.select] / Query Vector Attribute Data [v.db.select] / SQL Statement [db.execute]

Vector Database Connections:New Table / Remove Table / Join Table / Add Columns / Drop Column /Rename Column / Change Values / Reconnect Vectors to Database / Set Vector Map – Database connection



HELP Command Examples ( 4 )g.manual -i GRASS Helpg.manual entry=wxGUI GRASS GUI Help

About System: Platform of GRASS InstallGRASS version: 6.4.3 GRASS SVN Revision: GIS Library Revision: 50937 (2012-02-25) GDAL/OGR: 1.10.1 PROJ4: Rel. 4.8.0, 6 March 2012 Python: 2.7.6 wxPython: 2.8.12.1 Platform: Linux-3.13.0-63-generic-x86_64-with-Ubuntu-14.04-trusty

About GRASS GIS: Info / Copyright / License / Authors / Contributors /Extra Contributors

GRASS (v. 6.4.3) – REFERENCE MANUAL

( Screen 1 of 2 )

GRASS – Application ExamplesCase One: OFWIM Conference Locations

GRASS – Application ExamplesCase One: OFWIM Conference Locations

Set up 'new' GRASS Projects:OFWIM_Albers_CONUS for desired output projectionusa_conus_nad83_grs80 for National Map Atlas data importPrior GRASS Project:geo_wgs84_conus Exiting WGS84 Project (workspace)

v.in.ogr (usa_conus_nad83_grs80) imported USA States – from National Mapv.proj (OFWIM_Albers_CONUS) reprojected USA States from National Map

Created text file of OFWIM Meeting external editorLocations 1995 – 2015 ( for geo_wgs84_conus Project )

v.proj (OFWIM_Albers_CONUS) reprojected OFWIM Meeting Locations from geo_wgs84_conus

v.out.ogr (OFWIM_Albers_CONUS) exported shapefiles of the States and the OFWIM Conference Locations

Loaded data to QGIS; made maps

GRASS – Application ExamplesCase Two: Statewide – Raster Elevation Data Sets

RASTER

VECTOR

GRASS – Application ExamplesCase Two: Statewide – Raster Elevation Data Sets

Use GRASS Projects:va_utm_nad83_z18 for desired input / output projection

Retrieve / download data from USGS EROS LTR SiteGTOPO30 File ( .tar.gz) ; extract raster

v.in.gdal (va_utm_nad83_z18) imported USGS GTOPO30 Raster

v.to.rast (va_utm_nad83_z18) created a mask of the State of VirginiaBoundary

r.mapcalc to 'mask' out (clip) Virginia elevation datafrom the GTOPO30 file (Eastern US)

d.colors to set an elevational color ramp for the State of Viriginia raster data layer

v.contour to build vector contours from the raster elevation data set

GRASS – Application ExamplesCase Three: Exploring Williamsburg - Rasters

GRASS – Application ExamplesCase Three: Exploring Williamsburg - Rasters

Set up 'new' GRASS Projects:va_utm_nad83_z18 for desired input/output projectionusa_conus_nad83_grs80 for Viriginia 'State' GIS Data

Retrieved NAIP Imagery and from NRCS Geospatial Data GatewaySelect Vector Data Sets

r.in.gdal to import NAIP Imagery and DRGNational Aerial Imaging Program (USDA/NRCS) Imagery - 0.5 m

resolutionfor Williamsburg County, Virginia

U.S. Geological Survey 1:250,000 Topographic Map(DRG – Digital Raster Graphic)

v.in.ogr to import USDA/NRCS County BoundaryWilliamsburg_County_VA for Williamsburg County,Virginia and then Virginia_Counties the State of Viriginia Counties file .

And displayed via the GRASS GUI

GRASS – Application ExamplesCase Four: Virginia Vectors – VDOT & DGIF

GRASS – Application ExamplesCase Four: Virginia Vectors – VDOT & DGIF

A single statewide, consistent digital map of Virginia roads. The RCL data layer is a dynamic dataset supported and maintained by Virginia's local governments, the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT), and the Virginia Geographic Information Network (VGIN).

Set up 'new' GRASS Projects:va_nad83_lambert for Virginia 'State' VGIN GIS Data

Retrieved VGIN Highway Centerline from Virginia Geographic InformationSelect Vector Data Sets Network (VGIN)

# NAD83 / Virginia Lambert +proj=lcc +lat_1=37 +lat_2=39.5 +lat_0=36 +lon_0=-79.5 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +datum=NAD83 +units=m +no_defs

Retrieved DGIF Vector Data Set: from VA - DGIFWildlife Management Areas

GRASS – Application ExamplesCase Five: Imagery Data – Shenandoah National Park

GRASS – Application ExamplesCase Five: Imagery Data – Shenandoah National Park

Set up 'new' GRASS Projects:va_utm_nad83_z18 for desired input/output projection

Retrieved Landsat TM Imagery and from USGS EROS LTA Web SiteNPS Vegetation Classification from NPS/IRMA Web SiteSelect Vector Data Set Shenandoah National Park from NPS

r.in.gdal Import of Landsat TM Data & NPS Vegi.group Build Imagery 7 Band Data Group(s) r.patch Mosaic of TM Path/Row 16/33 & 16/34i.cluster Run Unsupervised Classification of TMv.to.mask Make 'mask' of Shenandoah National

Park Boundaryr.mapcalc Extract Unsupervised Classification

Data for Shenandoah National Parkr.coin Build coincidence table of NPS Veg

Classes and Unsupervised Classes

GRASS Overview Wrap Up

GRASS as the leading Open Source Geographic Information System offersmany tools to its user community.

An overview has been provided of many of its command line capabilities, as well as how they're made available through its Graphical User Interface

Examples Applications have been provided, demonstrating GRASS capabilitiesrelated to:Setting up 'Projects' and importing point and polygon vector data

OFWIM Conference LocationsWork with Raster Elevation Data; Creation of Vector Contour Data

State of Virginia (GTOPO30 based)Work with High Resolution Raster Aerial Imagery Data (USDA/NRCS)

and USGS DRG (Raster) Data SetsWork with Import and Display of Vector Data Sets (VGIN and VA-DGIF)Work with Landsat TM Imagery and Creation of Unsupervised

Classificationand Comparison with NPS Vegetation ClassificationEfforts (r.coin)

ALL EXAMPLES BENEFITTED FROM FREELY AVAILABLE SPATIAL DATA

GRASS Overview Presentation Development Credits

THANKS TO:

GRASS User Community (see: grass.osgeo.org)

Geospatial Data ProvidersUSGS – Geonames; Map Indices, Landsat TM

USDA/NRCS – Geospatial Data Gateway – NAIP, Vector DataVGIN – Road Centerlines

VA-DGIF – Wildlife Management AreasNPS – Shenandoah National Park Vegetation, Boundary

OFWIM – Travel Grants Program

An Overview of the Geographic Resource Analysis Support ...geo_wgs84_conus Exiting WGS84 Project...

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