AN OVERVIEW OF AN OVERVIEW OF SOUTHERN REGION SOUTHERN REGION POWER SYSTEM POWER SYSTEM ADDITIONAL...
-
Upload
allan-williamson -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
2
Transcript of AN OVERVIEW OF AN OVERVIEW OF SOUTHERN REGION SOUTHERN REGION POWER SYSTEM POWER SYSTEM ADDITIONAL...
AN OVERVIEW OFAN OVERVIEW OF
SOUTHERN REGIONSOUTHERN REGION
POWER SYSTEMPOWER SYSTEM
ADDITIONAL GENERAL MANAGERADDITIONAL GENERAL MANAGER
SRLDC, BANGALORESRLDC, BANGALORE
LINKSLINKS
INDIAN POWERGRIDS
POWER SECTORREFORMS
POWER SECTORDEVELOPMENT
ROLES OFORGANISATIONS
RLDCMANAGEMENT
INDIAN POWERTRANSMISSION
DEVELOMENT OFSOUTHERN REGION
OPEN ACCESS
INDIAN POWER GRIDSINDIAN POWER GRIDS
SOUTHERNSOUTHERN
REGIONREGION
(29,000 MW(29,000 MW))
NATIONAL GRID
NORTHERNNORTHERN
REGION REGION
(29,000 MW)(29,000 MW)
. . . . SG SG. . . . SG SG
WESTERN WESTERN REGIONREGION
(31,500 MW)(31,500 MW)
EASTERN EASTERN REGION REGION
(16,000 MW)(16,000 MW)
NORTH-NORTH-EASTERN EASTERN
REGIONREGION
(2500 MW)(2500 MW)
SYNCHRONOUSLY LINKEDSYNCHRONOUSLY LINKED
INSTALLED CAP :50,000 MW , LENGTH : 2500 Kms INSTALLED CAP :50,000 MW , LENGTH : 2500 Kms
. . . . SG SG. . . . SG SG . . . . SG SG
INSTALLED CAPACITY : 1,08,000 MWINSTALLED CAPACITY : 1,08,000 MW PEAK DEMAND: 82,000 MWPEAK DEMAND: 82,000 MW
TOTAL STATE GRIDS (SG) : 33TOTAL STATE GRIDS (SG) : 33 BACK
INDIAN POWER SECTOR PRIOR TO REFORMSINDIAN POWER SECTOR PRIOR TO REFORMS
Structure Structure
SEBs vertically integrated: Generation, Transmission SEBs vertically integrated: Generation, Transmission
and Distribution under one umbrella.and Distribution under one umbrella.
Administrative MechanismAdministrative Mechanism
Power sector administrated by GoI, REBs & SEBsPower sector administrated by GoI, REBs & SEBs
Planning & project approval through GoI/CEAPlanning & project approval through GoI/CEA
Tariff setting of central sector utilities by GoI/CEATariff setting of central sector utilities by GoI/CEA
Licensing function by the state Govts Licensing function by the state Govts
Grid operation by RLDCs Grid operation by RLDCs
In 1991, private sector participation in generation allowedIn 1991, private sector participation in generation allowed
In 1998, Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) for the In 1998, Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) for the
centre and State Electricity Regulatory Commissions (SERC) for centre and State Electricity Regulatory Commissions (SERC) for
the states setupthe states setup
In 1998, Transmission recognized as a distinct activity In 1998, Transmission recognized as a distinct activity
• Private sector participation in transmission also allowedPrivate sector participation in transmission also allowed
• POWERGRID notified as Central Transmission Utility (CTU) POWERGRID notified as Central Transmission Utility (CTU)
• State Govt. to notify State Transmission Utility (STU)State Govt. to notify State Transmission Utility (STU)
In 1991, private sector participation in generation allowedIn 1991, private sector participation in generation allowed
In 1998, Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) for the In 1998, Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) for the
centre and State Electricity Regulatory Commissions (SERC) for centre and State Electricity Regulatory Commissions (SERC) for
the states setupthe states setup
In 1998, Transmission recognized as a distinct activity In 1998, Transmission recognized as a distinct activity
• Private sector participation in transmission also allowedPrivate sector participation in transmission also allowed
• POWERGRID notified as Central Transmission Utility (CTU) POWERGRID notified as Central Transmission Utility (CTU)
• State Govt. to notify State Transmission Utility (STU)State Govt. to notify State Transmission Utility (STU)
POWER SECTOR REFORMSPOWER SECTOR REFORMS
Un-bundling & corporatisation of SEBs to make separate Un-bundling & corporatisation of SEBs to make separate corporations for Generation, Transmission and distribution for corporations for Generation, Transmission and distribution for better accountabilitybetter accountability
Formation of Power Trading Corporation (PTC) to facilitate Formation of Power Trading Corporation (PTC) to facilitate trading of power especially providing payment security to IPPstrading of power especially providing payment security to IPPs
In Distribution sector, Accelerated Power Development Reform In Distribution sector, Accelerated Power Development Reform Program (APDRP) undertaken for upgrading of sub-transmission Program (APDRP) undertaken for upgrading of sub-transmission and distribution networkand distribution network
Indian Electricity Act,2003 promulgated, consol ding previous Indian Electricity Act,2003 promulgated, consol ding previous Acts and moreActs and more
POWER SECTOR REFORMSPOWER SECTOR REFORMS CONTD CONTD
BACK
POWER SECTOR DEVELOPMENTPOWER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT
1950’s 1970’s 1990’s
STATEProvince
REGIONAL
NATIONAL
• Constitution of CEA as NATIONAL PLANNER
• CEA to concur power projects
• Constitution of Vertically integrated SEBs for development on state level
• Constitution of CEA as NATIONAL PLANNER
• CEA to concur power projects
• Constitution of Vertically integrated SEBs for development on state level
• Development on Regional basis
• Constitution of REBs for regional grid operation
• Central Gen. cos. Constituted to develop big project on regional basis
• Development on Regional basis
• Constitution of REBs for regional grid operation
• Central Gen. cos. Constituted to develop big project on regional basis
• Formation of CTU
• CTU assigned the role of Grid operation (TSO)
• Formation of Regulatory bodies CERC & SERC
• Formation of CTU
• CTU assigned the role of Grid operation (TSO)
• Formation of Regulatory bodies CERC & SERC
CENTRAL GEN Cos./ IPPsCENTRAL GEN Cos./ IPPs
POWERGRIDPOWERGRID
CTU & Grid Operator ( RLDCs)CTU & Grid Operator ( RLDCs)
CEACEA
Central GovtCentral Govt
State GovtsState Govts
STUsSTUsTRANSMISSION TRANSMISSION
LICENCEESLICENCEES
INDIAN POWER SECTOR – CENTRAL LEVELINDIAN POWER SECTOR – CENTRAL LEVEL
RegulatorRegulator
(CERC)(CERC)
GENERATING COS.GENERATING COS.
STUs/ Grid Operator ( SLDCs)STUs/ Grid Operator ( SLDCs)
STATE GOVTs.STATE GOVTs.RegulatorRegulator
(SERC)(SERC)
DISCOMsDISCOMs
CENTRAL GOVTs.CENTRAL GOVTs.
INDIAN POWER SECTOR – STATE LEVELINDIAN POWER SECTOR – STATE LEVEL
BACK
FUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS PLAYERSFUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS PLAYERS
Central GovernmentCentral Government
To prepare & publish National Electricity Policy and To prepare & publish National Electricity Policy and Tariff Policy in consultation with State Govts. and CEA Tariff Policy in consultation with State Govts. and CEA for development of power system based on optimal for development of power system based on optimal utilisation of resourcesutilisation of resources
Formulate a National Policy, in consultation with State Formulate a National Policy, in consultation with State Govts. and state commissions, for rural electrificationGovts. and state commissions, for rural electrification
Central govt. to establish an Appellate TribunalCentral govt. to establish an Appellate Tribunal
Appellate TribunalAppellate Tribunal
To hear appeals against the orders of the adjudicating To hear appeals against the orders of the adjudicating officer or the appropriate commission.officer or the appropriate commission.
Appellate Tribunals to have all powers of civil courtAppellate Tribunals to have all powers of civil court
Appeal against Judgment of Appellate tribunal only in Appeal against Judgment of Appellate tribunal only in Supreme courtSupreme court
FUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS PLAYERSCONTD
Central Electricity Authority (CEA)Central Electricity Authority (CEA)
To prepare National electricity plan in accordance with To prepare National electricity plan in accordance with the National electricity policy of Central Govt. and notify the National electricity policy of Central Govt. and notify the samethe same
Specify technical standard for construction, operation Specify technical standard for construction, operation & maintenance of electrical plants, electric lines and & maintenance of electrical plants, electric lines and connectivity to the gridconnectivity to the grid
Advice the appropriate Govt./Commission on all Advice the appropriate Govt./Commission on all technical matters related to Generation, transmission technical matters related to Generation, transmission and distributionand distribution
FUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS PLAYERSFUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS PLAYERSCONTD CONTD
Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC)Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC)
To regulate tariff of central generating companies To regulate tariff of central generating companies
To determine the tariff & regulate inter-state transmission of To determine the tariff & regulate inter-state transmission of electricity electricity
To issue licensees to function as transmission licensees To issue licensees to function as transmission licensees (other than CTU) and electricity trader with respect to inter-(other than CTU) and electricity trader with respect to inter-state operationstate operation
Aid & Advice the Central Govt. for formulation of National Aid & Advice the Central Govt. for formulation of National electricity policy & Tariff policy.electricity policy & Tariff policy.
To specify the Grid CodeTo specify the Grid Code
Develop appropriate policies & procedures for Develop appropriate policies & procedures for Environmental regulation of the power sectorEnvironmental regulation of the power sector
FUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS PLAYERSCONTD
Central Transmission Utility (CTU)Central Transmission Utility (CTU)
Discharge all functions of planning & co-ordination for Discharge all functions of planning & co-ordination for inter-state transmission system with state transmission inter-state transmission system with state transmission utilities, Central Govt., State Govt., Generating utilities, Central Govt., State Govt., Generating companies, Authority, Licensees etccompanies, Authority, Licensees etc
To ensure development of an efficient, coordinated To ensure development of an efficient, coordinated and economical system of inter-state transmission and economical system of inter-state transmission lines for smooth flow of electricity from generating lines for smooth flow of electricity from generating stations to load centersstations to load centers
To exercise supervision & control over the inter-state To exercise supervision & control over the inter-state transmission systemtransmission system
To ensure integrated operation of the regional grids To ensure integrated operation of the regional grids through RLDCsthrough RLDCs
FUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS PLAYERSFUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS PLAYERSCONTD CONTD
State Electricity Regulatory Commission (SERC)State Electricity Regulatory Commission (SERC)
To determine the tariff for electricity within the stateTo determine the tariff for electricity within the state
To regulate operation of power system within the To regulate operation of power system within the statestate
Issue licensees for Transmission, distribution & Issue licensees for Transmission, distribution & trading of electricity within the statetrading of electricity within the state
To specify State Grid Code consistent with Grid CodeTo specify State Grid Code consistent with Grid Code
Advice state Govt. on matters like promotion of Advice state Govt. on matters like promotion of competition, efficiency, investment and economy in competition, efficiency, investment and economy in the electrical industry the electrical industry
FUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS PLAYERSFUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS PLAYERSCONTD CONTD
Regional Load Despatch Center (RLDC)Regional Load Despatch Center (RLDC)
Apex body to ensure integrated operation of the power Apex body to ensure integrated operation of the power system in the regionsystem in the region
Give directions and exercise supervision and control Give directions and exercise supervision and control which is required for integrated operation to achieve which is required for integrated operation to achieve maximum economy and efficiencymaximum economy and efficiency
Scheduling/Re-scheduling of generation and contingency Scheduling/Re-scheduling of generation and contingency analysisanalysis
System restoration following Grid disturbancesSystem restoration following Grid disturbances
Metering & Data collectionMetering & Data collection
Compiling & furnishing data pertaining to system Compiling & furnishing data pertaining to system operationoperation
FUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS PLAYERS
BACK
RLDC’s MANAGEMENTRLDC’s MANAGEMENT
Territorial Jurisdiction:Territorial Jurisdiction:
Five Regions In Country:Five Regions In Country:• NorthernNorthern• SouthernSouthern• EasternEastern• WesternWestern• North – EasternNorth – Eastern
SYSTEM OPERATION SYSTEM OPERATION HIERARCHYHIERARCHY
NLDC
NRLDC WRLDC SRLDC ERLDC NERLDC
KARNATAKA
SLDC
KERALA
SLDC
TAMILNADU
SLDC
AP
SLDC
PONDY
SLDC
ERODE
Sub-LDCMADRAS
Sub-LDC
MADURAI
Sub-LDC
RLDC’s MANAGEMENTRLDC’s MANAGEMENT
Operating Agency:Operating Agency:-- A Govt. Company or any Authority A Govt. Company or any Authority or or Corporation established Corporation established under Central Act.under Central Act.
-- Presently responsibility entrusted Presently responsibility entrusted to :to :Central Transmission Utility - Central Transmission Utility -
POWERGRIDPOWERGRID
RLDC’s MANAGEMENTRLDC’s MANAGEMENT
Challenges:Challenges:
• Frequent Grid Disturbances / BlackoutsFrequent Grid Disturbances / Blackouts• Wide Frequency / Voltage excursionsWide Frequency / Voltage excursions• Transmission BottlenecksTransmission Bottlenecks• Sub-Optimal OperationSub-Optimal Operation• Stressed Equipments and OperatorsStressed Equipments and Operators
RLDC’s MANAGEMENTRLDC’s MANAGEMENT
RLDC Responsibilities: RLDC Responsibilities:
- Efficient, Economical and Integrated transmission and supply of Electricity
- Co-ordination of facilities for inter-state, regional and inter-regional generation and transmission of electricity
- Apex body to ensure integrated operation of Power System in the concerned region
RLDC’s MANAGEMENTRLDC’s MANAGEMENT
Co-ordination Functions: Co-ordination Functions:
- Merit Order Operation
- Resource Scheduling
- Facilitating inter-state and inter-regional transactions
- Transmission corridor usage allocation and loss optimization
- Scheduling Co-ordination
- Keeping accounts of electricity transmitted through regional grid
RLDC’s MANAGEMENTRLDC’s MANAGEMENT
Real Time Functions: Real Time Functions:
- System security and integrity
- Facilitating inter-state and inter-regional spot trading
- Load-Generation balance and maintenance of system parameters
- State estimation and contingency evaluation
- System contingency handling and revival
RLDC’s MANAGEMENTRLDC’s MANAGEMENT
Real Time Operation : StrengthsReal Time Operation : Strengths• Simple, but effective toolsSimple, but effective tools• Holistic approach rather than relying only Holistic approach rather than relying only
on elaborate codified procedureson elaborate codified procedures• Co-operative CultureCo-operative Culture
Real Time Operation stands on two firm footingsReal Time Operation stands on two firm footings IEGC – THE INDIAN ELECTRICITY GRID CODEIEGC – THE INDIAN ELECTRICITY GRID CODE ABT – AVAILABILITY BASED TARIFFABT – AVAILABILITY BASED TARIFF
INDIAN ELECTRICITY GRID CODE (IEGC)INDIAN ELECTRICITY GRID CODE (IEGC)
• SIMPLE, COMPREHENSIVE AND EFFECTIVE SIMPLE, COMPREHENSIVE AND EFFECTIVE • ADAPTIVE TO GRID REQUIREMENTSADAPTIVE TO GRID REQUIREMENTS• CLARITY IN ROLES OF STAKE HOLDERSCLARITY IN ROLES OF STAKE HOLDERS• Encompasses:Encompasses:
-- Planning Code for Inter State TransmissionPlanning Code for Inter State Transmission
-- Connection Conditions Connection Conditions
-- Operating Code for Regional Grids Operating Code for Regional Grids
-- Scheduling and Dispatch CodeScheduling and Dispatch Code
-- Management of Indian Electricity Grid CodeManagement of Indian Electricity Grid Code
RLDC’s MANAGEMENT
Availability Based TariffAvailability Based Tariff• A Rational Tariff StructureA Rational Tariff Structure• Complements Grid ReliabilityComplements Grid Reliability• Encourage Those Who Help The Grid Encourage Those Who Help The Grid
and Discourage Those Who and Discourage Those Who Undermine ReliabilityUndermine Reliability
• Simple and EffectiveSimple and Effective• Scientific Settlement System on Scientific Settlement System on
Weekly BasisWeekly Basis
RLDC’s MANAGEMENT
RLDC’s MANAGEMENTRLDC’s MANAGEMENT
Availability Based Tariff : Price MechanismAvailability Based Tariff : Price Mechanism
Fixed CostFixed Cost : Plant Availability: Plant Availability
Variable CostVariable Cost :: Schedule EnergySchedule Energy
DeviationDeviation :: Unscheduled Unscheduled Interchange (UI)Interchange (UI)
Attracting frequency Attracting frequency Linked ChargesLinked Charges
FREQUENCY vs UI PRICE
0
28
56
84
112
140
168
196
224
252
280
308
336
364
392
420
448
51
50.9
50.8
50.7
50.6
50.5
50.4
50.3
50.2
50.1 50
49.9
49.8
49.7
49.6
49.5
49.4
49.3
49.2
49.1 49
48.9
48.8
48.7
48.6
48.5
FREQUENCY
PA
ISE
/UN
IT
49 HZ
50.5 HZ
49.5 HZ
50 HZ
49.5 HZ CORRESPONDS TO RS.2.80
UI PRICE AND FREQUENCYUI PRICE AND FREQUENCY
The Power Of UI:The Power Of UI:• Linked To Frequency – Linked To Frequency –
– Collectively Controlled, Democratically StabilizedCollectively Controlled, Democratically Stabilized– Known Online To All - TransparencyKnown Online To All - Transparency
• Simple – No Elaborate Calculation RequiredSimple – No Elaborate Calculation Required• No Fear Of Price RiggingNo Fear Of Price Rigging• No Need For Negotiating No Need For Negotiating • Promotes DisciplinePromotes Discipline• Strong Nash Equilibrium Strong Nash Equilibrium • Dovetails With Loose Power Pools PhilosophyDovetails With Loose Power Pools Philosophy• Platform For A Platform For A POWER MARKETPOWER MARKET
RLDC’s MANAGEMENT
THE POWER OF UI (Contd.):THE POWER OF UI (Contd.):
• UI Vector Sends The Signals For UI Vector Sends The Signals For – Optimization In The Control AreaOptimization In The Control Area– Realistic Load-Generation PlanningRealistic Load-Generation Planning– Trade, Bilateral and ContractsTrade, Bilateral and Contracts
• Indian Equivalent of The Spot and Balancing Indian Equivalent of The Spot and Balancing MarketMarket
RLDC’s MANAGEMENT
BACK
SOUTHERN REGION
WESTERNREGION
EASTERN REGION
NORTHERN REGION
NORTH-EASTERN REGION
INSTALLED CAPACITY:109,300 MW
INSTALLED CAPACITY:29,400 MW
INSTALLED CAPACITY:31680 MW
INSTALLED CAPACITY:29430 MW
INSTALLED CAPACITY:16700 MW
INSTALLED CAPACITY:2300 MW
SOUTHERN REGION
WESTERNREGION
EASTERN REGION
NORTHERN REGION
NORTH-EASTERN REGION
‘ELECTRICAL’
REGIONS1
2
3
DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL GRID
NER
ER
NR
WR
SR
EXISTING
500MW
MW1000
MW500
GAZUWAKA
CHANDRAPUR
VINDHYACHAL
SASARAM
UNDERCONST.
EXISTING
400 kV
220 kV
BONGAIGAONBIRPARA
MALDA
KORBA BUDHIPADAR
KOLHAPUR
BELGAUM
U.SILERU
BALIMELA
DEHRISAHUPURI
MALANPUR
AURAIYA
PHASE-I(By 2002)
HVDC STATION
KOLAR
(KARNATAKA)
TALCHER
ORISSA)
INTER REGIONAL LINKS
RAIPUR ROURKELA
TOTAL TRANSFER CAPABILITY ON INTER REGIONAL HVDC
4500 MW
765 KV RING MAIN SYSTEM
BACK
THE FIRST POWER STATION IN THE FIRST POWER STATION IN SOUTH ASIA- SIVANSAMUDRA 1902SOUTH ASIA- SIVANSAMUDRA 1902
EVOLUTION: DID YOU KNOW?EVOLUTION: DID YOU KNOW?1172
1902: ASIA’S FIRST HYDRO GENERATING STATION AT SHIVANSAMUDRA-42 MW
SIVANSAMUDRA WAS CONNECTED TO KGF
BY A 78.5 KV D/C LINE. POWER WAS
DELIVERED AT 25 HZ!!!KGF
SIVA
A 78.5 KV D/C LINE WAS ALSO LAID
BETWEEN SIVANSAMUDRA AND
MYSORE. A FREQUENCY
CONVERTER AT MYSORE DELIVERED
50 HZ!MYSORE
EVOLUTION: YEAR-1975EVOLUTION: YEAR-1975
KOLHAPUR
BELGAUM
BANGALORE
HUBLI
SHARAVATHY
MANGALORE
MYSORE
SHIMOGA
SHARAVATHY-1964-1035 MW
MUNIRABAD-1962-27 MW
TB DAM-1955-14.4 MW
BHADRA-1962-39.2 MW
SIVA-1902-42 MW
SHIMSHA-1940-17.2 MW
MGHE-1947-120 MW
•PRE EIGHTIESPRE EIGHTIES States used to operate independently with States used to operate independently with
their their
own internal generation.own internal generation. There are few 220 KV lines across the states There are few 220 KV lines across the states
and also used only on emergency and and also used only on emergency and occasionally to meet the need.occasionally to meet the need.
Result Result No optimization in generationNo optimization in generation No integrated operation.No integrated operation. No merit-order in generationNo merit-order in generation
•EARLY EIGHTIESEARLY EIGHTIES Central generating stations came upCentral generating stations came up Regional grids started taking shapeRegional grids started taking shape Tussle due to uneven comparison between Tussle due to uneven comparison between
tariffs of Central and SEBs’ stations (total cost tariffs of Central and SEBs’ stations (total cost vs. variable cost)vs. variable cost)
States demanded backing down of Central States demanded backing down of Central generationgeneration
Central stations reluctant to back downCentral stations reluctant to back down
Result Result High frequency in off-peak hoursHigh frequency in off-peak hours Also, low frequency during peak load hours, due Also, low frequency during peak load hours, due
to SEBs’ unchecked over drawals.to SEBs’ unchecked over drawals. No merit-order in generationNo merit-order in generation
1990: K.P.Rao Committee1990: K.P.Rao Committee Recognized Recognized the the problem, but could not agreeproblem, but could not agree
on/recommend a solution.on/recommend a solution.
1993-94: A structured study by N/s. 1993-94: A structured study by N/s. ECC, USA, funded by ADB, ECC, USA, funded by ADB, sponsored by WB as a covenant sponsored by WB as a covenant of loans to of loans to POWERGRIDPOWERGRID
Availability TariffAvailability Tariff1995-98: NTF/RTFs, formed for AT 1995-98: NTF/RTFs, formed for AT
implementation, bogged down in implementation, bogged down in unending discussions.unending discussions.
1998 : CERC Has been formed by an1998 : CERC Has been formed by an act of Parliamentact of Parliament
1999 : Matter transferred to CERC: Hearings 1999 : Matter transferred to CERC: Hearings etc.,etc.,
20002000 : CERC Order, but stayed due to petitions : CERC Order, but stayed due to petitions :: Notification of IEGC by CERC Notification of IEGC by CERC
2000-02 : Problems of regional grid operation 2000-02 : Problems of regional grid operation continued. Many intractable continued. Many intractable commercial disputes also arose. commercial disputes also arose.
2002-03 : AT implemented ultimately, as there 2002-03 : AT implemented ultimately, as there was no other solution:was no other solution: WR – 01.07.02; NR – 01.12.02;WR – 01.07.02; NR – 01.12.02; SR – 01.01.03; ER – 01.04.03;SR – 01.01.03; ER – 01.04.03; NER: 01.11.03;NER: 01.11.03;
14336 (49%)
10530 (36%)780 (3%)2783 (9%)
28 (0.1%)
943 (3%)
HYDRO THERMAL GAS WIND IPP NUCLEAR
INSTALLED CAPACITY OF SOUTHERN REGION IN MW
29400 MW
HYDRO
THERMAL
WIND
IPPNUCLEAR
GAS
SOUTHERN REGIONSOUTHERN REGIONINSTALLED CAPACITY: 29400
MW
MAX DEMAND MET:20428 MWKARNATAKAMAX DEMAND MET
4805 MWINSTALLED CAPACITY
5041 MWDAILY CONSUMPTION
79 MU
ANDHRAPRADESHMAX DEMAND MET
7143 MW
9065 MWINSTALLED CAPACITY
DAILY CONSUMPTION
130 MU
TAMILNADUMAX DEMAND MET
7138 MW
6890 MW
INSTALLED CAPACITY
DAILY CONSUMPTION
125 MU
KERALAMAX DEMAND MET
2348 MW
2602MWINSTALLED CAPACITY
DAILY CONSUMPTION
35 MU
SR GRID MAPSR GRID MAP
KHAMMAM
VIJAYAWADANAGARJUNASAGAR
VISAKHAPATNAM
(POWERGRID)HYDERABAD
RAICHUR
GOOTY
HOODY
SALEM
UDUMALPET
TRICHUR
MADURAI
TRICHY
MADRAS
NEYVELI
CUDDAPAHDAVANAGERE
KAIGA
115
317
RSTPP
BHADRAVATI
130x2
164x
218
2
151
181
173
302
308172
277
279
155
178x
2
PONDICHERY
BANGALORE
SIRSI
MUNIRABAD
PP
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
PP
P
P
N
KOLAR
PALLOM
KAYANKULAM EDAMON
TALCHER
JEYPORE
63
187
2x78
2x221
54
HOSUR
KADRA
KODASAALY
Nagjhari
1
120
60
MAPS
P
SSLMM
MMDP
THIRUVANATHAPURAM
ALMATHI
NELLORE400 KV LINE PRESENTLY
OPERATED AT 220 KVNELAMANGALA
KURNOOL
GAZUWAKA(AP)
SIMHADRI NTPC
HIRIYUR
189
195
267x
2
258
242
98
175
179
127
130x
2
221x2
146x2
52x2
197x2
301x2
8x4
15x2
300
28
330
3500 MW TRANSFER CAPABILITY ON HVDC
ABOUT 38000 CKM OF 400/220 KV TRANSMISSION
ULDC-THE EYES AND EARS OF THE SYSTEM OPERATORULDC-THE EYES AND EARS OF THE SYSTEM OPERATOR
• ALL CONSTITUENTS GET THE SAME DATA IN REAL ALL CONSTITUENTS GET THE SAME DATA IN REAL TIME.TIME.– TRANSPARENCY.TRANSPARENCY.– SYNERGY IN OPERATION.SYNERGY IN OPERATION.– NO “PASSING THE BUCK” APPROACH.NO “PASSING THE BUCK” APPROACH.
• QUANTUM LEAP IN VISIBILITY TO OPERATORQUANTUM LEAP IN VISIBILITY TO OPERATOR..– INCREASED CONFIDENCE.INCREASED CONFIDENCE.– FOCUS ON SECURITY AND ECONOMY.FOCUS ON SECURITY AND ECONOMY.– INCRESED SCOPE FOR TRANSACTIONS WITH OTHER INCRESED SCOPE FOR TRANSACTIONS WITH OTHER
REGIONSREGIONS
• PREMPTIVE, DYNAMIC “EARLY WARNING” PREMPTIVE, DYNAMIC “EARLY WARNING” SYSTEMS.SYSTEMS.
• GRID LESS VULNERABLE TO DISTURBANCES.GRID LESS VULNERABLE TO DISTURBANCES.• ACCURATE AND EASY ANALYSIS OF GRID ACCURATE AND EASY ANALYSIS OF GRID
INCIDENTS INCIDENTS • FASTER RESTORATION AFTER PERTURBATIONFASTER RESTORATION AFTER PERTURBATION
BACK
““OPEN ACCESSOPEN ACCESS””
Enabling of non-discriminatory sale/purchase of Enabling of non-discriminatory sale/purchase of electric power/energy between two parties electric power/energy between two parties utilizing the system of an in-between (third) utilizing the system of an in-between (third) party, and not blocking it on unreasonable party, and not blocking it on unreasonable
grounds grounds
ELECTRICITY ACT 2003ELECTRICITY ACT 2003“ ‘“ ‘Open Access’ means the non-Open Access’ means the non-
discriminatory provision for use of discriminatory provision for use of transmission line or distribution system transmission line or distribution system or associated facilities with such line or or associated facilities with such line or system by any licensee or consumer or a system by any licensee or consumer or a person engaged in generation in person engaged in generation in accordance with the regulation specified accordance with the regulation specified by the appropriate Commissionby the appropriate Commission.”.”
THE TRADING FRAME THE TRADING FRAME WORKWORK
CTU – INTER REGION
CTU_WEST
CTU_SOUTH
CTU_NORTH
CTU_EAST
CTU_NE
STU
STU
STU
ELECTRICITY ACT 2003ELECTRICITY ACT 2003
PART -II
(23) "electricity" means electrical energy-
(a) generated, transmitted, supplied or traded for any purpose; or
(b) used for any purpose except the transmission of a message;
(71) "trading" means purchase of electricity for resale thereof and the expression
"trade" shall be construed accordingly
PART-IV
14. The Appropriate Commission may, on application made to it under section 15,
grant any person license to any person -
(a) to transmit electricity as a transmission licensee; or
(b) to distribute electricity as a distribution licensee; or
(c) to undertake trading in electricity as an electricity trader,
in any area which may be specified in the license:
PART-VI, ELECTRICITY ACT 2003PART-VI, ELECTRICITY ACT 2003
Provisions with respect to electricity tradersProvisions with respect to electricity traders52. (1) Without prejudice to the provisions 52. (1) Without prejudice to the provisions
contained in clause (c) of section 12, the contained in clause (c) of section 12, the Appropriate Commission may, specify the Appropriate Commission may, specify the technical requirement, capital adequacy technical requirement, capital adequacy requirement and credit worthiness for requirement and credit worthiness for being an electricity trader.being an electricity trader.
(2) Every electricity trader shall discharge (2) Every electricity trader shall discharge such duties, in relation to supply and such duties, in relation to supply and trading in electricity, as may be specified trading in electricity, as may be specified by the Appropriate Commission.by the Appropriate Commission.
PART-X- ELECTRICITY ACT 2003PART-X- ELECTRICITY ACT 2003
79. (1) The Central Commission shall 79. (1) The Central Commission shall discharge the following functions,discharge the following functions,
namely:-namely:-(e) to issue licenses to persons to (e) to issue licenses to persons to
function as transmission licensee function as transmission licensee andand
electricity trader with respect to their electricity trader with respect to their inter-State operations.inter-State operations.
““OPEN ACCESSOPEN ACCESS””
Catagoresiation Of Open Access CustomersCatagoresiation Of Open Access Customers
Short Term - Upto one yearShort Term - Upto one year
Long term - Five years or moreLong term - Five years or more
All Open Access Customers to be abide by All Open Access Customers to be abide by IEGC.IEGC.
““OPEN ACCESSOPEN ACCESS””
Nodal agencyNodal agency
Short Term Customers - Short Term Customers -
RLDC of the Region in which RLDC of the Region in which the drawal point is located the drawal point is located
Long term Customers -Long term Customers -
Central Transmission UtilityCentral Transmission Utility
““OPEN ACCESSOPEN ACCESS””
Processing of ApplicationProcessing of Application
Short Term CustomersShort Term Customers - -
Nodal RLDC to interact with concerned Nodal RLDC to interact with concerned RLDCs/SLDCs to process the same in a specified time RLDCs/SLDCs to process the same in a specified time period. Applicant has to furnish point of injection/drawal, period. Applicant has to furnish point of injection/drawal, MW etc.MW etc.
Long term CustomersLong term Customers - -
CTU to carry out studies in consultation CTU to carry out studies in consultation with RLDC/STU. Suggest augmentation/strengthening with RLDC/STU. Suggest augmentation/strengthening required, if anyrequired, if any
““OPEN ACCESSOPEN ACCESS””
Transmission PricingTransmission Pricing
Regional Postage stamp as per CERC’s notification Regional Postage stamp as per CERC’s notification dated 26.03.01 to be followed dated 26.03.01 to be followed
Utility importing power to pay wheeling charges Utility importing power to pay wheeling charges in respect of in respect of
1. Exporting region1. Exporting region
2. Inter regional assets2. Inter regional assets
3. Importing region3. Importing region
4. Intervening state utility, if any4. Intervening state utility, if any
( No charges payable to intervening region)( No charges payable to intervening region)
““OPEN ACCESSOPEN ACCESS””
Energy MeteringEnergy Metering
SEMs to be installed by direct customers and SEMs to be installed by direct customers and if required by embedded customers.if required by embedded customers.
SEMs to meet RLDC/CTU requirements and SEMs to meet RLDC/CTU requirements and shall be open for inspection/testing by shall be open for inspection/testing by CTU/RLDC.CTU/RLDC.
““OPEN ACCESSOPEN ACCESS””
Energy AccountingEnergy Accounting
Active Energy Active Energy
UI Pricing mechanism applied to inter state UI Pricing mechanism applied to inter state transactions of Open Access Customerstransactions of Open Access Customers
UI bills shall be raised to SEB/STUs Segregation UI bills shall be raised to SEB/STUs Segregation of UI charges among DISCOMS as well as embedded of UI charges among DISCOMS as well as embedded Open Access Customers to be done by the SEB/STUOpen Access Customers to be done by the SEB/STU
Reactive EnergyReactive Energy
CERC’s scheme to be appliedCERC’s scheme to be applied
““OPEN ACCESSOPEN ACCESS””
Energy LossesEnergy Losses
Existing methodology Existing methodology as per 4.9 of CERC’s notification as per 4.9 of CERC’s notification dated dated 26.03.01 to be continued I.e Transmission 26.03.01 to be continued I.e Transmission losses ( and not incremental loss) to be shared losses ( and not incremental loss) to be shared by Open Access Customersby Open Access Customers
““OPEN ACCESSOPEN ACCESS””
Scheduling and System Operation Charges
Short term open access customers has to pay to the concerned RLDC and SLDC
Scheduling and System operation Charges :
Rs. 3000/- per day or part of day
For Each Revision :
Rs. 2000/-
““OPEN ACCESSOPEN ACCESS””
Existing bilateral transactionsExisting bilateral transactions
to be given priority in allotmentto be given priority in allotment customers to apply a fresh within 30 dayscustomers to apply a fresh within 30 days
Curtailment PrirorityCurtailment Prirority
Original beneficiaries to receive similar Original beneficiaries to receive similar treatment as for Long Term Open Access Customers.treatment as for Long Term Open Access Customers.
In case of transmission constraint Short Term In case of transmission constraint Short Term Customers to be curtailed first. Within a category of service Customers to be curtailed first. Within a category of service curtailment on pro rata basiscurtailment on pro rata basis
““OPEN ACCESSOPEN ACCESS””
Time-schedule for Processing Application
S.No. Duration of service Max. Processing time
1. Short-Term Service
Up to One day One day Up to one week Three days Up to one month Seven days Up to one year Thirty days
2. Long-Term Service
Five years or more Ninety days
4.9 Wheeling Charges for inter-state transmission :
4.9.1 Wheeling on POWERGRID/Licensee’ s system:
4.9.1.1 In case of inter-regional transmission of power through the transmission system belonging to POWERGRID or any Licensee, the total monthlycharges payable to them by the importing, exporting and intermediary regions (if any) shall remain the same
4.9.1.2 Till introduction of ABT, the sharing of monthly transmission charges shall be in proportion to energy drawal. In case of importing region, the monthly transmission charges payable to POWERGRID/Licensee shall be shared in proportion to energy drawal as per Regional Energy Accounting including energy drawn from exporting region. In case of exporting region,the monthly transmission charges payable to POWERGRID/Licensee shall be shared by its constituents and beneficiaries (importing utilities)outside the region in proportion to energy drawal as per Regional Energy Accounting. Subsequent to introduction of ABT, sharing of the monthly transmission charges shall be on the basis of capacity allocation and contracted power. No transmission charges shall, however, be payable by the importing utility for utilisation of POWERGRID/Licensee system in intermediary region(s).
4.9.1.3 The transmission losses shall be payable for utilisation of the POWERGRID/Licensee's system.
4.9.1 Wheeling on POWERGRID/Licensee’ s system:
4.9.2 Wheeling through SEB/State Utility system:
4.9.2.1 In case of wheeling of power through SEB/state utility system, the importing utility and the wheeling utility shall endeavor to mutually agree on wheeling charges as well as transmission losses. In such cases, approval of the Commission shall not be required. However, the wheeling utility shall not deny use of its system merely on the basis of non-agreement on wheeling charges.
4.9.2 Wheeling through SEB/State Utility system:
4.9.2.2 If the parties are not able to agree on the wheeling charges, the Contract Path method shall be used for calculation of wheeling charges. Monthly transmission charges of this path would be payablein proportion to contracted power vis-à-vis SIL of the lines in the contracted path. The monthly transmission charges for the contract path shall be calculated as per the provisions of this notification.
4.9.2 Wheeling through SEB/State Utility system:
4.9.2.3 In case, wheeling utility makes some special arrangement (such as backing down cheaper generation) to facilitate exchange, the verifiable opportunity cost or the charges calculated as per contract path method, which ever is higher, shall be payable to the wheeling utility. In any case, the wheeling charges shall not exceed the charges corresponding to a new transmission line of adequatecapacity along the contracted path. The Member Secretary, REB of the region in which wheeling utility is located, shall calculate wheeling charges by applying the principles enumerated above.
4.9.2 Wheeling through SEB/State Utility system:
4.9.2.4 The incremental transmission losses on account of wheeling shall be payable in kind i.e. the transmission losses shall be compensated byan equivalent amount of energy charged to the importing utility. In case of non-agreement on the issue of transmission losses, the studies to determine incremental transmission losses in the wheeling utility system shall also be carried out by the Member Secretary of the region concerned.
4.9.2 Wheeling through SEB/State Utility system:
4.9.2.5 The Commission may be approached in case of disagreement with the decision of Member Secretary, REB. Pending the final order of the Commission, decision of the Member Secretary, REB shall beimplemented on provisional basis..
BACK