An introduction to Invention and Innovation. Important Terms Invention Innovation Discovery ...
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Transcript of An introduction to Invention and Innovation. Important Terms Invention Innovation Discovery ...
An introduction to Invention and
Innovation
Important Terms
InventionInnovationDiscoveryCreativityPatentsTrademarks
CopyrightsScienceEngineeringTechnologyDesign
Invention
Developing a new or useful process tool, machine, etc. that
did not exist previously.
Innovation
Introducing new ideas or methods to an established process, tool, machine, etc. to produce marketable products.
1st Cell PhoneMarch 6, 1983
Razr 2006
Alexander Graham Bell’s
Phone1876
Old Phone
Evolution of the
Telephone
Old Computers
Dell Computers
2006
Discovery
The primary process used in science to
uncover new knowledge.
Creativity
The ability to see a problem in several dimensions.
The ability to truly understand the problem at hand.
PatentsProvide inventors with exclusive rights to manufacture a device for a period of time that has been fixed. (Currently 17 yrs.)
Assigned to individuals, not corporations.
Patents Cont.
The inventor must keep dated logs in order to prove who invented something first.
“Patent Pending” – the inventor has applied for a patent, but not received it yet.
TrademarksTrademarks give an individual or
corporation a right to identify a product with a graphic symbol that customers can readily recognize for the quality and service they have earned.
Generally, a trademark has no time limit.
Trademark Examples
Adidas
Mountain Dew
Abercrombie & Fitch
Nike
CopyrightsProvide the creators of
written materials the right to a profit from the sale of their works for a definite period of time.
Related to written material, graphic material, or music.
Science
The pursuit of new knowledge about nature.
Its primary goal is knowledge, not solutions to problems.
Engineering The profession in which the knowledge of the mathematical
and natural sciences gained by study, experience and practice is applied with judgment to develop ways to utilize economically the materials and the forces of nature for the benefit of mankind.
The deliberate, orderly process through which technology is created.
Technology
The innovation, change, or
modification of the natural environment
to satisfy the perceived human wants and needs.
Design
The process of designing solutions
to technological problems—
innovating and inventing.
History of Invention, Innovation and Discovery
The greatest difference between science and
technology is purpose.
The main purpose of science was curiosity, where the main purpose of technology was a matter of survival.
Science and technology need and serve each other while serving mankind.
Early civilizations were based on just a few inventions:The plow
HandwritingMetallurgyPotteryBrick making
StonecuttingSpinningWeavingSurveying
instrumentsAnd more…
7 Mechanisms that affect Invention and Innovation1. Deliberate search
2. Deliberate search for 1 thing that leads to something else
3. Totally unrelated developments have an effect on the main event
4. Military needs or military inventions give rise to intense development efforts and equally significant social change.
5. Result of religion
6. Weather & other natural forces
7. Pure accident
Invention, Innovation and Discovery Today
A few of the most influential factors which are of a different
origin than the previous 7 mechanisms…
1. Information and Communication Technology
The faster we can communicate, the faster we can influence others with new inspiration and new inventions.
2. Specialization of knowledge and teamwork
3. The rise of organized science In the past, discoveries often
followed the practical application. Technology preceded science Today, technology rarely precedes
science
4. The influence of government The need for rapid wartime
development of technology tends to push the envelope of efficiency.
The funding of research which is often available for the asking.
Government can also influence invention and innovation by legislation that creates the rules others must play by
To promote rapid growth of technology, there had to be
something in it for both users and producers, and if the
correct balance could be found, it would be good for the
country.
Intellectual Intellectual PropertyProperty
Inventors
Thomas EdisonBenjamin FranklinElijah McCoyEli WhitneyAlexander Graham BellHenry Ford