Forensic Odontology An Introduction to Forensic Dentistry JESSICA WONG SBF6-04.
An Introduction to Forensic Dentistry End of Course Assessment
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Transcript of An Introduction to Forensic Dentistry End of Course Assessment
Introduction to Forensic Dentistry BCIT – September 2003
An Introduction to Forensic Dentistry
End of Course Assessment
Time Allowed
2 hours
Look at, and read, each question carefully.
All the material has been covered within the lectures and exercises.
If anything is unclear, ask your instructor.
Name: BCIT Student No: Reference: Mark:
© 2003 I.A. Pretty
Introduction to Forensic Dentistry BCIT – September 2003 END OF COURSE ASSESSMENT Look at each of these questions carefully and reflect back on each of the lecture courses. Some of these images you will have seen before, others are new and you will need to think carefully about the answers. The number of points for each answer is provided, and do not provide more information than is requested. You should not write beyond the limits of the answer box provided. Question 1
What tooth is an unusual shape? Identify it using the FDI, Zsigmondy and generic name. (3 points)
Question 2
Name the tooth highlighted in green using the FDI system, the tooth in red using its generic name and the tooth in blue using the Zsigmondy nomenclature. (3 points)
What is another, common name, for the tooth highlighted in green? (1 point)
_the upper right central incisor is odd, this is tooth number #1-1 or
UR1__________________________________
_#1-8, upper left central incisor,
LL5_______________________
The wisdom tooth is another common name, also accept third molar
___________________________________________
Introduction to Forensic Dentistry BCIT – September 2003 Question 3
Identify the tooth shown in this picture. State the generic name and whether you think it is a maxillary or mandibular tooth. (2 points) | List three things you know about this tooth (3 points)
Question 4
Select the name of the root arrowed in this picture: (1 point) A) Palatal B) Mesio-buccal C) Mesio-distal D) Root magnus
Question 5 What teeth are the most frequently absent? Place them in order, with the most frequently absent first. (3 points)
_ this is a maxillary lateral incisor, would have accepted central as no comparator
__ any; smaller than central, often missing, smaller root than central, two of them, seen on bitemarks, any other reasonable answer
_ this is the palatal
root__________________
__3rd molars, lateral incisors, premolars
Introduction to Forensic Dentistry BCIT – September 2003 Question 6
This individual has a space between their central incisors, what is this called (1 point) What are two possible causes for this space? (2 points)
Question 7
The picture is of an upper first molar, the upper left six, or #26. Give the name for each of the four surfaces that are labelled. (4 points)
Question 8 List three abnormalities of tooth arrangement of form that might be useful when using the dentition for identification.
__ diastema
__ either a large labial frenum or a mesiodens
______________________ 1) mesial, 2) distal, 3) buccal, 4) palatal (also accept lingual as this is sometime used for upper teeth)
________________________________________
___ fusion, translocation, absence, megadont, microdont, peg shaped laterals, effects of syphilis, any other reasonable answer
______________________________________________________
Introduction to Forensic Dentistry BCIT – September 2003 Question 9 List three of the major constituents of dental amalgam (3 points) Question 10 Complete the gaps in the following: (4 points) This is a dental __radiograph_____. It shows restorations that are made from
____amalgam_______. We can use anatomical terms to describe the form of the
restorations, for example, the filling in the maxillary first molar is a ___MO________,
whereas that in the mandibular second molar is a _____OCC___________.
___________________________________________ mercury tin and copper
_________________________________________
Introduction to Forensic Dentistry BCIT – September 2003 Question 11
This clinical picture is of some complex treatment. Describe the treatment that appears to have been undertaken for the maxillary arch, (1 point) and then describe the treatment which has been provided for the mandibular arch (1 point). Each of these treatments can be of forensic significance, describe how for each treatment (2 points).
Question 12 Why is this method of denture identification unsuitable? (2 points)
_lower arch is an implant supported complete denture, the upper arch is a complete denture, dentures can be labelled and implants have a serial number – highly unique treatments
_ written in ink and will wash off or become unreadable in fire or chemical attack the _________________
Introduction to Forensic Dentistry BCIT – September 2003 Question 13
This is a dental radiograph of the maxillary anterior teeth. What treatment is being undertaken? (1 point) How can this be of forensic use? (1 point). How old do you think this patient is? (3 points) a) Between 5 and 8 years b) Between 8 and 16 years c) Between 16 and 21 years?
Question 14
What kind of radiograph is this? What treatment has been undertaken on the lateral incisor? Write down two things which make this type of radiograph especially suitable for forensic examinations. (4 points)
____ orthodontic treatment is being undertaken, indicates that study models and radiographs will be present in the antemortem record, individual is aged 10 years.
__________________________ this is a periapical radiograph, they are often found in AM records and are easy to replicate in the mortuary
_____________________
Introduction to Forensic Dentistry BCIT – September 2003 Question 15
Can you identify each component of the dental x-ray film? (4 points) Question 16
This radiograph has been punched. Explain what this means and how radiographs should be correctly labelled for both antemortem and postmortem views. Where should the punch be placed? (3 points).
_______________________________________a) plastic packet, b) the film, c) lead foil and d) paper backing
_______________________________________________________
___________________________________________ this is an AM film, PM films should have two holes punched and they should
be in a none-diagnostic area____________
Introduction to Forensic Dentistry BCIT – September 2003 Question 17 Complete the gaps in this statement (3 points) Comparative dental identifications make up a _majority proportion of most forensic
dentists caseload. They are based upon the comparison of ____AM___________
records to postmortem records. Comparison identifications require a __tentative
ID____________ before the process can begin.
Question 18
Name 3 items that can comprise the antemortem dental record (3 points)
Question 19
This is part of the kit for human identifications. What is this object arrowed? What is it used for? What would be required in the antemortem record to necessitate use of this item ? (3 points)
_ written records, radiographs, study models, bills, invoices, photographs, lab prescriptions, medical history
etc…_______________________________________
___________________________________________ an impression tray – would expect to see a study model present in the AM
records_____________________________________
Introduction to Forensic Dentistry BCIT – September 2003 Question 20
This is the photographic equipment that should be taken to both identifications and bitemark investigations. Name the photographic kit that is arrowed. Why should this be used? (2 points)
Question 21
Name three circumstances when a dental identification would be useful? (3 points)
Question 22
In this postmortem examination a set of rubber covered forceps are being used to gain access to the oral cavity. Why is this not advised? (1 point) – what procedure would you recommend instead ? (1 point)
___ this is a ring flash and it is used to correctly illuminate teeth and bite injuries by providing even light
____________________
___ Lots! Demcomposition, burns, trauma, sexual homicide, chemical attach, gun shots etc…
___________________________________________
___ not advised as may break teeth, recommend jaw resection.
______________________
Introduction to Forensic Dentistry BCIT – September 2003 Question 23
This is one type of odontogram. Give one advantage and one disadvantage of this type of dental charting (2 points)
Question 24
What are the four levels of conclusion available when reporting on a dental identification? (4 points)
Question 25
Look at these antemortem and postmortem radiographs. What is your conclusion based
upon a comparison of these? What advanced restoration is present? (2 points)
__________________________________________ has anatomical form and root structures, no provision for mesial and distal recordings
__ exclusion, possible, probable, positive
________________________________________
__ I would rate this as positive, a bridge and endo treatment has been undertaken
_________
Introduction to Forensic Dentistry BCIT – September 2003
Question 26
Look at this radiograph. What
is the purpose of this alpha-
numeric code? (1 point)
In this case – what is the
problem with the placement of
the number? (1 point)
Question 27
What structure is shown
on this radiograph? Why
is it useful for human
identification?
(2 points)
__ Dent-ID system – used in individuals with no restorations. This has been placed on a baby tooth and so will be exfoliated requiring replacement – the first molar would have been a better
choice._________________________________________________________________________________
__ frontal sinus, these are unique and seen on skull
radiographs____________________________________
Introduction to Forensic Dentistry BCIT – September 2003 Question 28
What trait is
shown on these
central incisors?
(1 point)
Which race is
this most
commonly
associated with?
(1 point)
Question 29
What phenomenon is shown in (4)?
What forensic application does this
have? (2 points)
__________________________________________ shovel shaped incisors, Mongoloid indivudals
____________________ translucent dentine, used in ageing – more transluceny – older the
individual__________________________________________________________________________________________
Introduction to Forensic Dentistry BCIT – September 2003
Question 30
What social habit do you think that
this individual may have had? (1 point)
Question 31
Look at these two skulls. Which skull (1 or 2) is male? Can you identify which of the
major races these skulls are likely to belong to? (2 points)
__ probably a pipe
smoker__________________________________
_____ likely to be Caucasoid, male is on the left
___________________________________________
Introduction to Forensic Dentistry BCIT – September 2003 Question 32
Why is the amelogenin locus important in forensic DNA analysis? What dental structure
is coded by this gene? (2 points)
Question 33
Why do teeth offer a investigators a good source for DNA when deep muscle and bone
cannot be used? (2 points)
Question 34
Suggest three sources for AM DNA samples suitable for comparative identification
purposes (3 points)
__ used for sex determination, codes for enamel
___________________________________________
_ the DNA is protected by enamel, the hardest structure in the human
body_________________________________________
____________________________________________ Again – any reasonable answer; toothbrush, biopsy, underwear, hairbrush, are some examples
___________________________________________
Introduction to Forensic Dentistry BCIT – September 2003 Question 35
a) What is this piece of
equipment called?
b) What is it used for?
c) What is required for its correct
operation
d) If you didn’t have one of these
– what else could you do? (4
points)
Question 36
Mass disasters are, from the odontological standpoint, complicated by: (give three
examples, 3 points)
Question 37
______________________________________________This is a cryogenic freezer mill. Used to grind teeth prior to DNA extraction, needs liquid nitrogen. You would section the teeth and scrape out the
pulps.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________ International records, body numbers, number of odonts, complex logistics, body co-mingling, accident investigation requirements, media pressures – any reasonable answer
___________________________________________
Introduction to Forensic Dentistry BCIT – September 2003
What are the three great races that forensic dentists can establish by looking at tooth
form? (1 point)
______________________________________________Negroid, Mongoloid, Caucasoid