An Introduction to DSP-Vignesh
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Transcript of An Introduction to DSP-Vignesh
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An introduction toD S P
By
V.S.VIGNESH
M.Tech
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Contents
Signal ?Classification of signal
Signal processing
Types of SP
DSP operation
Merits of DSP over ASP
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Signal ?
Anything whichcarries informationis asignal.
e.g. humanvoice, smoke signals, signlanguage
Signal : f ( x1
, x2
, x3
, )
where X= time, distace,.. Etc.
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Types of signals
Natural / synthetic
- based on generation
1D, 2D, MD
- based on no. of independentvariables
Analog or Digital
- based on characteristics ofindependent variable
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Eg of Speech signal
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Eg of 1D signal:
- speech signal, daily max.temperature
Eg of 2D signal:
An image is a 2D signal ( vertical andhorizontal coordinates)
Multi Dimensions:Our physical world (three spatialand one temporal).
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-0.2
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0.2
0.3
0 2 4 6 8 10sampling time, tk [ms]
Voltage
[V]
ts
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0 2 4 6 8 10sampling time, tk [ms]
V
oltage
[V]
ts
Analog & digital signals
Continuous functionV ofcontinuousvariable t (time,space etc) : V(t).
AnalogDiscrete functionVk of discretesampling variable tk, with k =integer: Vk = V(tk).
Digital
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
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0 2 4 6 8 10
time [ms]
Voltage
[V]
Uniform (periodic) sampling.
Sampling frequency fS = 1/ tS
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signal processing
processing ?
- to obtain the signal in moredesirable form
eg : MUX, De-MUX, Noise filtering.
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Types
Analog signal processing
Digital signal processing
Mixed signal processing
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Humans are the most advanced signalprocessors
Most real-world signals are analog
Analog circuits process these signals
usingResistors, Capacitors, Inductors, AmplifiersEg: Audio processing in FM radios
Video processing in traditional TV sets
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ASP
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Limitations of ASP
Sensitivity to electrical noise
Inflexibility to changes Difficulty of implementing certain
operations
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DSP
the processing or manipulation ofsignals using digital techniques
A/D DSP D/Aanalogsignal analogsignal
digitalsignal
digitalsignal
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Pros and Cons of DSP
Pros- Flexibility can be achieved with
software implementations
- Digital storage is cheap- Digital information can be encrypted
for security
- Price/performance and reduced time-to-market
- Accuracy can be controlled
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cons:- Sampling causes loss of information
- A/D and D/A requires mixed-signal
hardware- Limited speed of processors
- Quantization and round-off errors
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Dr. Blanton - ENTC 4337 -
Introduction16
Impact of DSP on Modern Living
Cellular/mobile telephony
Speech and channel codingVoice and data processingPower managementMultipath equaliztion
Digital audio
Stereo and surround soundAudio equalization andmixingElectronic music
AutomotiveDigital AudioDigital RadioPersonal communicationsystemsActive suspension
Medical electronicsCritical/intensive care
monitorsDigital X-raysECG analyzersCardiac monitorsMedical imaging
Personal computer
Sound cardsData storage and retrievalError correction/concealmentMultimediaModems
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Thank you