WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS An Introduction

Table Of Context

Sensor Network Preview

Routing in Sensor Networks

Mobility in Sensor Networks

•Structure and characteristics of nodes and data flow.

•Protocols and Algorithms

•Different types of mobility

SENSOR NETWORKS PREVIEW

Sensor Networks Preview

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a wireless network consisting of spatially distributed autonomous devices using sensors to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants, at different locations

•Definition•Application•Design Factors

Sensor Nodes

They are used in commercial and industrial applications to monitor data that would be difficult or expensive to monitor using wired sensors.

ApplicationMilitary

Environment

Health Care

Home

Design Factors

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Fault Tolerant

Scalability

Production Cost

Tech Constraint

Topology Stability

Power Consumption

ROUTING IN SENSOR NETWORKS

Routing in Sensor Networks

•Characteristics•Routings

• Having no specific address, we can not use Internet Protocol.

•Special data flow model

•Redundant data

•Lack of power, energy, memory and processing, needs management.

Data Centric

Network Flow Model

Location Based

Hierarchical

Routing Protocols

An Example

B

A

S E

F

H

C

G

I

Represents a node that has received data for D from S

D

Continued.

B

A

S E

F

H

C

G

I

Represents transmission

Broadcast transmission

D

Continued.

B

A

S E

F

H

C

G

I

Represents links on Reverse Path

D

Continued.

B

A

S E

F

H

DC

G

I

• Node C receives from G and H, but does not forward it again, because node C has already forwarded once

Continued.

B

A

S E

F

H

DC

G

I

Represents links on path

MOBILITY IN SENSOR NETOWRKS

Controlled Mobility

Mobile Object

HW or SW Mobility

Semi Fault Mobility

Mobility Categories

Controlled Mobility• Replacement

• Adaptive Sampling

• Network Repairing

• Power Gain

Mobile Object

• Central Node Mobility

• Event Mobility

• Base Node Mobility

• Full Node Mobility

Hardware Software Mobility

• Code Infection:

Using a virtual machine with high level instructions.

• Software Agent:

An agent spreads in network and executes its

duties on

every single node.

Semi Fault Mobility

• Obstacle Movement

• Node Failure

Both made graph disconnected.

SARA MAHDAVI HEZAVEIAMIRHOSEIN SHANTIA

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