An Atlas of ECMWF Analyses (1980-87) Part H--Second …

NASA Technical Memorandum 100762

An Atlas of

ECMWF Analyses (1980-87)

Part H--Second Moment Quantities

S. Schubert

Goddard Space Flight Center

Greenbelt, Maryland

W. Higgins

National Academy of SciencesNational Research Council

Washington, D.C.

C.-K. Park

Centel Federal Services Corporation

Reston, Virginia

S. Moorthi

University Space Research Association

Columbia, Maryland

M. Suarez


Greenbelt, Maryland

Nationat Aeronautics andSpace Administration

Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbelt, MD

1990

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................... vii

II. LIST OF QUANTITIES ............................................................. viii

III. REFERENCES ......................................................................... xiii

IV. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .......................................................... xiii

V. APPENDIX A: DATA PROCESSING ............................................. xv

VI. APPENDIX B: SOURCES OF DIGITIZED DATA .............................. xvii

VII. THE SECOND MOMENT SEASONAL MEAN FIELDS

A. DECEMBER, JANUARY, FEBRUARY ...................................... 1

i) DEVIATIONS FROM MONTHLY MEANS

GLOBAL ........................................................................... 3

ZONAL AVERAGES ............................................................. 11

ii) DEVIATIONS FROM SEASONAL CYCLE

UNFILTERED ..................................................................... 25

LOW PASS ......................................................................... 33

BAND PASS ....................................................................... 41

..°

IU

_GIL__IJ_ _ INI[HII0fl_ IK/_II[PRECEDING PAGE BLANK NOT FILMED

B. MARCH, APRIL, MAY .............................................................. 49


GLOBAL ........................................................................... 51

ZONAL AVERAGES ............................................................. 59


UNFILTERED ..................................................................... 73

LOW PASS ......................................................................... 81

BAND PASS ....................................................................... 89

C. JUNE, JULY, AUGUST ............................................................ 97


GLOBAL ........................................................................... 99

ZONAL AVERAGES ............................................................. 107


UNFILTERED ..................................................................... 121

LOW PASS ......................................................................... 129

BAND PASS ....................................................................... 137

iv

D. SEPTEMBER, OCTOBER, NOVEMBER ...................................... 145


GLOBAL ........................................................................... 147

ZONAL AVERAGES ............................................................. 155


UNFILTERED ..................................................................... 169

LOW PASS ......................................................................... 177

BAND PASS ....................................................................... 185

E. ANNUAL .................................................................................. 193


GLOBAL ........................................................................... 195

ZONAL AVERAGES ............................................................. 203


UNFILTERED ..................................................................... 217

LOW PASS ......................................................................... 225

BAND PASS ....................................................................... 233

TIME SERIES OF ZONAL MEAN MONTHLY STATISTICS ............... 241

V

I. INTRODUCTION

The Goddard Laboratory for Atmospheres (GLA) has over the past few years

acquired a large data base of 00Z and 12Z initialized analyses (1980-87) from the European

Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). In support of our on-going

research activities we have found it convenient to compile these analyses in the form of an

atlas.

The original ECMWF/WMO data was obtained on a 2.5 o latitude by 2.5 o longitude

grid in a packed format. This data was unpacked and interpolated to a 4 o latitude by 5 o

longitude grid for the purpose of computing various statistics and plotting. Appendix A

describes further details of the data and data processing. In part I of this atlas we present

various first moment quantities for monthly, seasonal and annual averages. The present

volume (Part II) presents various second moment quantities averaged over a season

including both transient and standing eddy components. Since we accumulate the statistics

on a monthly basis, the majority of the transient statistics presented in this volume are

computed as deviations from monthly means. However, selected fields have been

processed differently in order to retain the longer time scales and remove the influence of

the seasonal cycle. These statistics are based on deviations from the average seasonal

cycle. The deviations are filtered to separate the contributions of the band pass (2.5 - 6

days) and low pass (> 10 days) regions of the spectrum.

The ECMWF analysis system has undergone a number of changes during the

period 1980-87. Trenberth and Olson (1988) have done an extensive study of the ECMWF

analyses for 1979-86 and examined the impact of analysis system changes on data quality

(see their Table I and discussion). The change to diabatic nonlinear normal mode

initialization in September of 1982 dramatically increased the strength of the tropical

divergence. For quantities sensitive to the divergence we have limited the time averages to

1984-87. For these fields the shorter time-averaging period is clearly indicated. Otherwise

the averages include all 8 years. It must be emphasized that many other changes occurred

to the analysis system during this time period leading to inhomogeneities in the data. This

is particularly true for the moisture fields (see eg. Trenberth and Olson, 1988). No attempt

has been made to take this into account when performing the time averages.

We note that other recent compilations of assimilated data that may be useful for

comparisons are those of Trenberth and Olson (1988) based on essentially the same data

(1979-86), Hoskins et. al. (1989) which emphasizes special diagnostics and year to year

vii

PRECEDING PAGE BLANK NOT FILMEDI__.._NT£NIi0tlALL_ BLANK

variations in ECMWF analyses for the period 1979-1989 and Lau (1984) which examines

the FGGE year based on analyses produced at GFDL.

In accordance with ECMWF conditions any publications making use of the figures

and/or data in this atlas must acknowledge ECMWF as the data source.

II. LIST OF OUANTITIES

The bulk of the statistics presented in this volume are accumulated on a monthly

basis where daily fluctuations are computed with respect to a monthly mean. This allows

the statistics to be easily updated as new data becomes available. For the transients the

covariances are defined as

xy = x y+x'y' (1)

where the bar denotes a monthly average and the prime a deviation from the monthly

average. For zonal averages

: [y]+ y,]+[x-?] (2)

where the brackets denote a zonal average and the asterisk (*) denotes a deviation from the

zonal average. The monthly mean statistics are then averaged to produce the seasonal and

annual mean_. The global maps consist of various transient eddy covariances (last term in

(1)), while the zonally averaged covariances consist of both the standing and transient eddy

terms (second to last and last terms of (2)).

For selected statistics of the form x' y' the data was processed differently in order

to isolate particular regions of the spectrum. This was accomplished by first removing the

time mean and annual and semi-annual harmonics computed from the average of all 8 (or in

some cases a subset of the 8) years of data. The deviations were then further processed to

isolate the synoptic and low frequency fluctuations. This was done by applying a band

pass filter which retains time scales between 2.5 and 6 days and a low pass filter which

retains time scales of 10 days and greater. The seasonal statistics were then computed from

deviations with respect to the appropriate seasonal mean for each year and then averaged

*°*

VUl

over all years. Note that only the intraseasonal time scales are retained in the deviations.

The filters are essentially identical to those described by Blackmon and Lau (1980). The

only difference is that the filters used here are of higher order (35 point instead of 10

point). The advantage of the higher order is that it provides a better approximation to the

ideal amplitude response function. The disadvantage is that more points are needed so that

the seasons are to some extent more "contaminated" by the adjacent seasons. In practice,

little difference was found between results from the two filters. See Schubert (1986) for a

comparison of the amplitude response functions of the present and Blackmon and Lau

(1980) band pass filters.

While the low and band pass filtered fields are the primary focus of the above

analysis, for completeness, we also show the unfiltered fields. In general, the statistics

based on the deviations from the monthly means and those from the unfiltered deviations

from the seasonal cycle were found to be very similar. The latter are composed of the

intraseasonal time scales (approximately 1-90 days) while the former include, in addition to

time scales less than one month, part of the seasonal signal inherent in the deviations from

monthly means.

We also include the extended E-P vector

E u =II(v '2-u'2), _u,v--_1 (3)

introduced by Hoskins et. al. (1983) for both the unfiltered and filtered deviations from the

seasonal cycle. The present analysis uses the slightly modified form (the factor of 1/2) of

this quantity which is parallel to the relative group velocity for the barotropic case

(Trenberth, 1986).

The following lists the quantities contained in Part II. The units are given as part of the

figure captions and contour intervals are easily seen from the plots themselves. Plots are shown

for seasonal and annual averages. The global maps are presented at 850 and 200 mb. The cross

sections are based on all the levels obtained from ECMWF which are 1000, 850, 700, 500, 300,

200, and 100 mb. The fields are grouped according to season. Within each group the first set of

statistics involve deviations from monthly means (averaged over a season) which consist of both

global fields and zonal averages. This is followed by selected maps and cross sections of

unfiltered and filtered quantities computed from deviations from the seasonal cycle. The final maps

are time series of zonally averaged monthly mean statistics. We indicate below the quantities and

(for convenience) the relative positions of the plots in the atlas for each data group.

ix

Deviations from Monthly Means

Relative Position

(200mb), _ (200mb)

(850mb), _ (200mb)

(850rob), "_Z' (500mb)

v'T' (850rob), u'T' (850rob)

v'q' (850mb), u'q' (850rob)

u'v' (200rob)

oYT' (850rob), co'q' (850rob)

v'Z' (200rob), u'Z' (200rob)

_. ,/[v._.]_, 4IT*v*]

[_], [u,v,]

[_], [_.+.]

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

X

Deviations from Seasonal Cycle

Relative Position

Unfiltered

v'T'(850mb), v'q' (850mb) 20

u' v'''_ (200mb) 21

(500mb), u'u'+v' v' (200mb) 22

V'T' (850mb), V'q' (850mb) 23

E u 200mb (contours of v-_ at 850mb) 24

[_], [_]_ 25

Low pass (periods > 10 days )

v'T'(850mb), v'q' (850mb) 26

u' v' (200mb) 27

(500rob), u'u'+v'v' (200mb) 28

V'T' (850mb), V'q' (850mb) 29

E u 200mb (contours of v'T' at 850mb) 30

[_], [_]_'_ 31

Band pass (2.5 < periods < 6 days)

v'T'(850mb), v'q' (850rnb) 32

u' v' (200mb) 33

_/-_Z' (500rob), u'u'+v'v' (200rob) 34

V'T' (850rob), V'q' (850rob) 35

E u 200rob (contours of v'T' at 850mb) 36

[u-7], [v_]_._ 37

1Due to tape problems the heat fluxes (for zonal averages only) are based on the years 1980-852The zonally-averaged fluxes were processed using the Blackmon and Lau (1980) versions of the band andlow pass filters. All other quantifies are computed with the higher order versions of these filters describedin section II

xi

Time _eries (Deviations from Monthly Means)

Relative Position

-_ u--V-_](200mb)

_/[u* u*] (200mb)

_ (200mb)

4[v* v*] (200mb)

_ (200mb)

_[T* T*] (200mb)

._T---_] (850mb)

_/[T* T*] <850mb)

_ (850mb)

4[q* q *] (850mb)

_ (500mb)

_/[Z* Z*] (500mb)

[u--r'_] (200mb)

[u'v*] (200mb)

(850mb)[v'T*] (850mb)

(850mb)[v* q*] (850mb)

[v--_] (200mb)

[v'Z*] (200mb)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

Appendix B describes how to access these data sets on the IBM 3081.

xii

III. REFERENQES

Blackmon, M. L. and N.-C. Lau, 1980: Regional characteristics of the Northern

Hemisphere wintertime circulation: A comparison of the simulation of a GFDL

general circulation model with observations. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 497-514.

Hoskins, B. J., H. H. Hsu, I. N. James, M. Masutani, P. D. Sardeshmukh and G. H.

White, 1989: Diagnostics of the global atmospheric circulation based on ECMWF

analyses 1979-1989. WMO, WCRP-27, WMO/TD-No. 326.

Lau, N-C., 1984: Circulation statistics based on FGGE level III-B analyses produced at

GFDL. NOAA Data Report ERL GFDL-5.

Schubert, S. D., 1986: The structure, energetics and evolution of the dominant frequency-

dependent three-dimensional atmospheric modes. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 1210-1237.

Trenberth, K. E., 1986: An assessment of the impact of transient eddies on the zonal flow

during a blocking episode using localized Eliassen-Palm flux diagnostics. J.

Atmos. Sci., 43, 2070-2087.

Trenberth, K. E. and J. G. Olson, 1988: ECMWF Global Analyses 1979-1986;

Circulation Statistics and Data Evaluation. NCAR/TN-300+STR, NCAR

Technical Note, February, 1988, National Center for Atmospheric Research,

Boulder, Colorado.

IV. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We wish to thank Ms. Laura Rumburg for helping draft many of the figure titles.

xiii

V. APPENDIX A- THE DATA PROCESSING

The ECMWF analyses are the initialized fields provided to GLA (code 611) in an

internal bit format. The data processing involves several steps including unpacking and

converting to a 2 X 2.5 degree grid. During this step the relative humidity is converted to

specific humidity. Then an interpolation is made to a 4 X 5 degree grid. All eddy statistics

are computed from the lower resolution fields. Both resolutions of the basic parameters are

available on tape. Further details of the data are provided below.

ORIGINAL PACKED DATA AS RECEIVED FROM ECMWF:

2.5 ° latitude by 2.5 ° longitude in internal bit format

1000, 850, 700, 500, 300, 200, 100 hPa

separate 00Z and 12Z tapes

DATA (IM,JNP)

IM= 1.... 144 starting at 177.5 W and going east to 180 E

JNP = 1.... 73 starting at North Pole

(1) geopotential height (m)

(2) temperature (°K)

(3) u (m/s)

(4) v (m/s)

(5) relative humidity (%)

(6) vertical velocity (Pa/s)

XV

PRECEDING PAGE BLANK NOT FILMED I_GIi"_ iV. _INItlilIONALLI[ BI_NK

UNPACKED ECMWF DATA

2 ° latitude by 2.5 ° longitude or 4 ° latitude by

1000, 850, 700, 500, 300, 200, 100 hPa

00Z and 12Z combined for each tape

5 o longitude

DATA(IM,JNP)

IM=I .... 144 (72) starting at 180 ° W and going east to 177.5 ° E (175 ° E)

JNP= 1.... 91 (46) starting at South Pole

Quantity

(1) sea level pressure (hPa)

(2) geopotential height (m)

(3) temperature (°K)

(4) u (m/s)

(5) v (m/s)

(6) specific humidity (g/g)

(7) vertical velocity (PaJs)

(8) divergence

The specific humidity (q) is computed from the relative humidity

q = qs * RH * 0.01

where

qs = 0.622 * es / (p - .378 es)

and es is the saturation vapor pressure determined from the empirical formulae

6.1078 * EXP { 21.8747 * ( T- 273.16 ) / (T - 7.66) }

6.1078 * EXP { 17.269 * ( T- 273.16 ) / (T - 35.86) }

for T < 273.16

for T > 273.16

xvi

VI. APPENDIX B- SOURCES OF DIGITIZED DATA

The data fields (for Part II of this Atlas) are currently stored on several MVS data

sets and are meant for use by NASA scientists with access to the IBM 3081 mainframe.

We also anticipate that these fields will be made available on floppy disks for both IBM

compatible and Macintosh personal computers in the near future. For further information

concerning the use of this data contact

Siegfried Schubert

NASA/GSFC Code 611

Greenbelt, MD 20771

(301) 286-3441

In the following we present the information necessary to access the data sets for Part II on

the IBM 3081.

xvii

1. DATA SET NAMES AND READ FORMATS

a) DEVIATIONS FROM MONTHLY MEANS

GLOBAL FIELDS

W3RWH.ECMWF.VARNCE

u4-_u,v(_v',T4T4_z4z4_,q4q4_W3RWH.ECMWF.COVRNCE

v'T' u'T',vq' ',uq,'' u'v'

W3RWH.ECMWF.COVRNCE2

(o'T',OY ' v'Z' u'q, , Z' (1980-87)

W3RWH.ECMWF.COVRNCE3

_'T' ¢o'q' v'Z' u'Z' (1984-87)

ZONALLY-AVERAGED FIELDS

W3RWH.ECMWF.ZONMN.VARNCE

_,_/[u.u.l,_,_/[v.v.l,_,_/[T*+*]W3RWH.ECMWF.ZONMN.VARNCE2

W3RWH.ECMWF.ZONMN.COVRNCE

[u_'l,[u,v,l,[v-W] [v,+,1,[N'][v,_,1,[v_,][_,_,1W3RWH.ECMWF.ZONMN.COVRNCE2

[_1 [_*T*I[_1,[_*_'1

,°,

XVlll

READ FORMAT

C NSEAS IS

C IS=I

C IS=2

C IS=3

C IS=4

C IS=5

THE NUMBER OF SEASONS = 4

DJF (AVERAGED FOR 1980-87)

MAM (AVERAGED FOR 1980-87)

JJA (AVERAGED FOR 1980-87)

SON (AVERAGED FOR 1980-87)

ANNUAL (AVERAGED FOR 1980-87)

C NLEV IS THE NUMBER OF LEVELS = 7

C IL=I 1000MB

C IL=2 850MB

C IL=3 700MB

C IL=4 500MB

C IL=5 300MB

C IL=6 200MB

C IL=7 100MB

C NVAR IS THE NUMBER OF VARIABLES IN THE PARTICULAR DATA SET

PARAMETER(IMP1 =73,JNP=46,NSEAS=5,NLEV=7,NVAR=5)

DIMENSION VAR(IMP 1,JNP,NVAR,NLEV,NSEAS)

DIMENSION VARZ(JNP,NVAR,NLEV,NSEAS)

C J=l IS THE SOUTH POLE, I=1 IS THE DATELINE

C FIELDS ARE WRAPPED SO THAT X(1,J)=X(IMP1,J)

DO 10 IS=I,NSEAS

DO 10 IL=I,NLEV

DO 10 IV=I,NVAR

READ(8) ((VAR(LON,LAT,IV,IL,IS), LON=I,IMP1),LAT=I,JNP)

C FOR ZONAL AVERAGES

READ(8) (VARZ(LAT,IV,IL,IS),LAT= 1,JNP)

10 CONTINUE

xix

b) DEVIATIONS FROM SEASONAL CYCLE

i. E-P FLUXES

W3RWH.ECMWF.EPFLUX.SNMN.LOW

Low pass (v'v' - u' u') / 2 at 200mb, -u' v' at 200mb,

W3RWH.ECMWF.EPFLUX.SNMN.BAND

Bandpass (v'v'-u'u')/2 at200mb, -u'v' at200mb,

W3RWH.ECMWF.EPFLUX.SNMN.UNFILT

Unf'dtered (v'v'-u'u')/2 at200mb, -u'v' at200mb,

v'T' at 850mb

v'T' at 850mb

v'T' at 850mb

READ FORMAT

C

C IS=I

C IS=2

C IS=3

C IS=4

C IS=5

NSEAS IS THE NUMBER OF SEASONS





ANNUAL AVERAGE (AVERAGED FOR 1980-87)


PARAMETER(IMP1 =73,JNP=46,NSEAS=5,NVAR=3)

DIMENSION VAR(IMP 1 ,JNP,NVAR,NSEAS)



DO 10 IS=I,NSEAS

DO 10 IV=I,NVAR

READ(8) ((VAR(LON,LAT,IV,IS), LON= 1,IMP1),LAT= 1,JNP)

10 CONTINUE

XX

ii. OTHER GLOBAL FIELDS

W3RWH.ECMWF.VARIANCE.SNMN.LOW

Low pass _ at 500mb, (v'v'+ u'u') at 200mb

W3RWH.ECMWF.COVARNCE.SNMN.LOW

Low pass u'v--'_ at 200mb, u'T---_at 850mb, v'T''--_ at 850mb, u'q' at 850mb, v'q' at 850mb

W3RWH.ECMWF.VARIANCE.S NMN.BAND

Bandpass _ at500mb, (v'v'+u'u') at200mb

W3RWH.ECMWF.COVARNCE.SNMN.BAND

Band pass u'v-'-_ at 200mb, u'T'-_ at 850mb, v'T---_ at 850mb, u'q' at 850mb, v'q' at 850mb

W3RWH.ECMWF.VARIANCE.SNMN.UNFILT

Unf'lltered _ at500mb, (v'v'+u'u') at200mb

W3RWH.ECMWF.COVARNCE.SNMN.UNFILT

Unfiltered u'v' at 200mb, u'T' at 850mb, v'T' at 850mb, u'q _ at 850mb, v'q----_ at 850mb

READ FORMAT

C NSEAS IS

C IS--1

C IS=2

C IS=3

C IS=4

!c s--5

THE NUMBER OF SEASONS





ANNUAL AVERAGE (AVERAGED FOR 1980-87)


PARAMETER(IMP 1=73,JNP=46,NSEA S =5,NVAR=3)

DIMENSION VAR(IMP1,JNP,NVAR,NSEAS)



DO 10 IS=I,NSEAS

DO 10 IV=I,NVAR

READ(8) ((VAR(LON,LAT,IV,IS), LON= 1,IMP 1),LAT= 1,JNP)

10 CONTINUE

xxi

iii. ZONAL AVERAGES

W3RWH.ECMWF.ZONAL.FLUX.SNMN.LOW

Low,ass [u l, [v-WlW3RWH.ECMWF.ZONAL.FLUX.S NMN.BAND

Band pass [_v;v'], [v--'_]

W3RWH.ECMWF.ZONAL.FLUX.SNMN.UNFILT

Unfiltered [u--_], [v-'_]

READ FORMAT

C

C

C

C

C

C

C

C

NSEAS IS THE NUMBER OF SEASONS

MOMENTUM FLUXES ARE AVERAGES FOR 1980-87

HEAT FLUXES ARE AVERAGES FOR 1980-85

IS=1 DJF

IS=2 MAM

IS =3 JJA

IS=4 SON

IS=5 ANNUAL AVERAGE


PARAMETER(JNP=46,NLEV=7,NSEAS=5,NVAR=2)

DIMENSION VAR(JNP,NVAR,NSEAS)

C J=l IS THE SOUTH POLE

DO 10 IS=I,NSEAS

DO 10 IV=I,NVAR

READ(8) ((VAR(LAT,ILEV,IV,IS),LAT= 1,JNP),ILEV= 1,NLEV)

10 CONTINUE

xxii

C) TIME SERIES OF ZONALLY AVERAGE MONTHLY MEANS

These fields are stored in a partitioned data set

W3CKP.ECMWF.ATLAS (member)

where the members are

TVAR:

ZVAR:

TCOV:

ZCOV:

Transient varianc_ statistics (eg. u'u')

Standing variance statistics (eg. u'u*)

Transient covarian¢_ statistics (eg. u'v')

Standing covariance statistics (eg. u'v*)

READ FORMAT

PARAMETER(NMONS=96,JNP--46,NVAR=4)

DIMENSION VAR(NMONS,JNP)

C NVAR IS THE NUMBER OF VARIABLES : 6 (VARIANCE) OR 4

(COVARIANCE)

C IV=I

C IV=2

C IV=3

C IV--4

C IV=5

C IV=6

VARIANCE

(UU) 1_ AT 200 MB

(VV) la AT 200 MB

('IT) lc_AT 850 MB

(TI') la AT 200 MB

(QQ)I/2 AT 850 MB

(ZZ) la AT 500 MB

COVARIANCE

UV AT 200 MB

VT AT 850 MB

VQ AT 850 MB

VZ AT 200 MB

C J=l IS THE SOUTH POLE, I=1 IS JAN OF 1980, 1=96 IS DEC OF 1987

C

DO 10 IV=I,NVAR

READ(8) W, VAR

10 CONTINUE

o°o

XXlll

VII. THE SECOND MOMENT FIELDS

DJF

DEVIATIONS FROM MONTHLY MEANS

OdF 80-879ON

6O4

30N

_- EO

,_1

60S

90S

_,c/_,' __,_ u', (ms -_) 200 MB

' 8 ' B' ' '

. 6

......... :12

. o _ _ ... _ ,_:..iO:,_ _ ,_,.... .

t I I I I I l

0 60E 120E 180 120W 60_ 0

LONGITUDE

BON

60N

30N

_- EO

._I

305

8]5

0 60E 120E IB3 120_ 60_ 0

LONGITIDE

38N

3O5

)dF 80-87 "/{_v_T'T"(K) 850 MB• I ! I | ii

_5 5 5_

l

======================='' ........ ']!']" 3

" I I

I '"4''

"--"-"--'-----"-_'2_3 _ 3-

N I I I I I t

0 60E 121]E 180 120W 60W 0

LONGII'tO_

(K)DJF 80-87 "--" 200 MB

0N i i i i i

60N

0 61]E I20E 180 120ti 60W 0

LONGITUDE

DdF 80-8790N

_(g kg -1)850 MB

SON

30N

_- EO

,qC...I

305

605

0 60E

DOF 80-879DN

! I

ILK)E 180

LONGITUDE

(m)

I

500 MB

60N

30N

_- EO

_.I

1505

905

0 0

30N

v'T' (m slK)80-87 850 MB

LONGITUDE

60N

30N

EO

u'T' (m s-iK)DOF 80-87 850 M8

s lo ,...',............ I -s

601[ 120E 180 120W 60W 0

LOh[;l_

90N

60N

M

I--

_J

605

905

LONGI'RK_

DJF 80-87 u'q' (m slg kg -1) 850 MB

90N o

60N

605

7

90N

6O4

30N

30S

OOF 80-87 u'v'(m2s -2)

60S

__935_

0 60E I_)E

I

180

LOI_ITtJI_

! I

8

_'T' (10 -2 Pa slK)DJF 84-87 850 MB

90Nr -,o ' ' ' ' =_+.__.__o_-,_I'"'"_';:"-V--'20:L--,:',:,_--__ ___ __1

.......00"00++,0'+%I,,-._,7,',','.',',',',',',',',',,:',_,':", ". '-'-'fO' _,',',' .,._ IAlY,',',',',',.. .'+'.,,','.1

_Q O 0

90S

0 60E lEE 180 120W 60W 0

LONGITUDE

D,JF 84-87 a)'q' (10 -2 Pa s t g kg-1) . 850 M8

E}N r _ ,_. _ ' ' '.. ___._--..-o_

_[1__J ._ _ +_--<......_,,ii,;_'-?_._:;:::_I._._... _ c_ a o o ._Z_-,-__,",..,-,., ,........... ,',k____t_.-'_d,'_,;,', ', ,',',',','_-

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Report Documentation Page

1. Report No.

NASA TM 100762

4. Title and Subtitle

2 Government Accession No.

An Atlas of ECMWF Analyses (1980-87)

Part II--Second Moment Quantities

7. Author(s)

S. Schubert, W. Higgins, C.-K. Park, S. Moorthi,

and M. Suarez

9. PedormingOrganizationNameandAddress

Laboratory for Atmospheres


Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

3. Recipient's Catalog No.

5. Reporl Date

June 1990

6. Pe#ormingOrganizationCode

911.0

8. Pedorming Organization Repo_ No.

90E02172

10. Work Unit No.

11. Contract or Grant No.

13. Type of Report and Period Covered

Technical Memorandum

12. Sponsoring AgencyNameandAddress

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Washington, D.C. 20546-0001

14. Sponsoring Agency Code

15. Supplementa_ Notes

W. Higgins: Nat'l. Academy of Sciences, Nat'l. Research Council, Washington, PC.

C.-K. Park: Centel Federal Services Corporation, Reston, VA.

S. Moorthi: University Space Research Association, Columbia, MD.

S. Schubert and M. Suarez: NASA-Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD.

16. Abstract

This document is an atlas based on European Center for Medium Range Weather

Forecasts (ECMWF) initialized analyses for 1980-87. Transports and variances

are presented globally at 200 mb and 850 mb as well as zonally averaged for

seasonal and annual averages. Selected fields are filtered to isolate the

synoptic (2.5 days<periods<6 days) and low frequency (i0 days<periods<90 days)

regions of the spectrum. In addition, time series of the zonally and monthly

averaged transports and variances are presented over the entire 8-year period.

17. Key Words(SuggestedbyAuthor(s))

ECMWF, analyses, atlas, variances,

transports

19. Security Classif. (of this reportl

Unclassified

18. Distribution Statement

Unclassified-Unlimited

20. Security Classif (of this page)

Unclassified

Subject Category 47

21 No. of pages

286

22. Price

NASA FORM 1626 OCT 86

An Atlas of ECMWF Analyses (1980-87) Part H--Second …

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