i

AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN KATY PERRY’S SONG

THESIS

Presented to the Language Education Departement of the Faculty of Teacher

Training and Education of the State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya

in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for

the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan Islam

By:

NANA NURDIANA

SRN . 110 112 0674

STATE ISLAMIC INSTITUTE OF PALANGKARAYA

FALCULTY OF TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION

LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTEMENT

STUDY PROGRAM OF ENGLISH EDUCATION

1437 H / 2015 M

ii

APPROVAL OF THE THESIS ADVISORY COMMITTE

Title of the thesis : An Analysis of Figurative Language

in Katy Perry’s Song

Name : Nana Nurdiana

SRN : 11011020674

Faculty : Tarbiyah and Teaching Training

Department : Language Education

Study program : Engliah Program

Level : S-1

Palangka Raya, October, 2015

Approved by:

Advisor I, Advisor II,

Dra. Halimah, M.Pd

Luqman Baehaqi, M.Pd.

ORN. 19671226 19960 32 003 ORN.19800823 20110 11 005

The Vice Dean I of Academic The Secretary of Language Education

Dra. Hj. Rodhatul Jennah, M.Pd. Santi Erliana, M.Pd

ORN. 19671003 199303 2 001 ORN. 19801205 200604 2 003

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PERSETUJUAN SKRIPSI

Judul skripsi : An Analysis of Figurative

Language in Katy Perry’s Song

Nama : Nana Nurdiana

NIM : 11011020674

Fakultas : Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan

Jurusan : Pendidikan bahasa

Program Studi : Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris

Jenjang : S-1

Palangka Raya, October, 2015

Menyetujui:

Pembimbing I,

Dra. Halimah, M.Pd

ORN. 19671226 19960 32 003

Pembimbing II,

Luqman Baehaqi, M.Pd.

ORN.19800823 20110 11 005

Wakil Dekan I

Dra. Hj. Rodhatul Jennah , M.Pd.

ORN. 19671003 199303 2 001

Sekretaris Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa,

Santi Erliana, M.Pd

ORN. 19801205 200604 2 003

iv

OFFICIAL NOTE

Case :

Assalamu alaikum Wr.Wb

By reading and analyzing the thesis‟s revision, we think that thesis in the name

of:

Name : Nana Nurdiana

Student Registration Number : 1101120674

Title of the thesis :

can be examined in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan Islam

in the Study Program of English Education of the Language Education Department of the

Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of the State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya.

Thank you for your attention.

Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb

Advisor I, Advisor II,

Dra. Halimah, M. Pd.

ORN. 19671226 19960 32 003

Luqman Baehaqi, M. Pd

ORN. 19800823 20110 11 005

Examination of

Nana Nurdiana‟s Thesis

AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN

KATY PERRY’S SONG.

To the Dean of Faculty of Teacher

Training and Education of State

Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya

In

Palangka Raya

Palangkaraya, October, 2015

v

NOTA DINAS

Case : Permohonan Ujian Skripsi Palangka Raya, 2015

Saudari Nana Nurdiana

Kepada

Yth. Dekan Fakultas Tarbiyah dan

Ilmu Keguruan IAIN Palangka Raya

di

Palangka Raya

Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb.

Setelah membaca dan menganalisa skripsi ini, kami menyatakan bahwa:

Nama : Nana Nurdiana

NIM : 1101120674

Judul Skripsi : AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN

KATY PERRY‟S SONG

Sudah dapat diujikan untuk memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Pendidikan Islam pada

Program Study Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris IAIN Palangka Raya.

Demikian atas perhatiannya diucapkan terima kasih.

Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb

Pembimbing I,

Dra. Halimah, M. Pd

NIP. 19671226 19960 32 003

Pembimbing II,

Luqman Baehaqi, M. Pd

NIP. 19800823 20110 11 005

vi

LEGALIZATION OF THESIS EXAMINING COMMITTEE

The thesis entitles AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN KATY

PERRY‟S SONG. In the name of Nana Nurdiana and her student registration number

1101120674 has been examined in the board of examiners of the State Islamic

Institute Of Palangka Raya on :

Day : jum‟at

Date : 06 November, 2015

Palangka Raya, 06 November, 2015

The Board of Examiners:

1. Rahmadi Nirwanto, M.Pd.

Chairman/ Member

(…….…………………………….)

2. Hj. Apni Ranti, M.Hum.

Member

(…….…………………………….)

3. Dra. Halimah, M.Pd

Member

(…….…………………………….)

4. Luqman Baehaqi, M.Pd

Secretary/Member

(…….…………………………….)

The Dean of

Faculty of Teacher Training and Education

of State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya

Drs. Fahmi, M.Pd

ORN. 196105201999031003

vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all , the writer wishes to express her particular thanks to Allah the

Almighty, in this right chance, the writer would like to give her greatest thanks to :

1. Dr. Ibnu Elmi A.S. Pelu, S.H., M.H., as the Rector of IAIN Palangka Raya,

for his direction and permission of conducting this thesis.

2. Drs. Fahmi, M.Pd The Dean of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of

State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya for his agreement so that the writer

can finish this thesis.

3. Dra. Hj. Rodhatul Jennah, M.Pd, The Vice Chairwoman of Academic Affairs,

for her agreement so that the writer can complete the requirements of

writing this thesis.

4. Ahmadi, M.SI The Chair of Language Education Department, for his

agreement so that the writer can complete the requirements of writing

this thesis.

5. M. Zaini Miftah, M.Pd, The chief of the English Education Study Program,

for his permission so that the writer can complete the requirements of

writing this thesis.

6. Santi Erliana, M.Pd as The Department of Language Education Secretary, for

her agreement so the writer can complete in writing this thesis.

7. Luqman Baehaq, M.Pd as the writer‟s Academic Advisor for his advice, care,

suggestion and guidance during the first semester till the end of her study.

8. Dra. Halimah, M.Pd, and Luqman Baehaqi, M.Pd as the advisors, for their

guidance, suggestion, and encouragement during the accomplishment of this

thesis.

9. All English lecturers of IAIN of Palangka Raya for their support.

10. Her family who always give support morally and spiritually.

11. Last, all of her friends of PBI 2011 who have helped to accomplish this thesis.

viii

The writer realizes that this thesis is not perfect; therefore some

constructive critical and suggestion are warmly welcomed. She hopes that may

Allah always keeps us on the straight path, rewards, and blesses us for what we do

and this writing can be useful for all of us.

Palangka Raya, November 2015

The Writer

NANA NURDIANA

SRN. 1101120674

ix

AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN KATY PERRY’S SONG

ABSTRACT

Figurative language is language which employs various figures of speech.

This study discusses about an analysis of figurative language in Katy Perry’s Song.

The purpose of this study is to find the contextual meaning and the type of figurative

language used in Katy Perry’s song. The source of the data was taken from the lyrics

of Katy Perry’s song. Katy Perry’s song is classified as pop song released on 17th

October 2013. The research design used in this study is descriptive qualitative

research with a document or content analysis as the research type. The thesis

described type of figurative language and contextual meaning from Katy Perry‟s

song. From the analysis, there were nine types of figurative languages: they were

personification, metaphor, simile, hyperbole, allusion, repetition, alliteration,

onomatopoeia, and idiom. To support the analysis, some type of figurative language

and other related references were used. There were also some related theories about

figurative language used to support the analysis. Thirty six have been selected to be

analyzed. There were 1 type of figurative language (Personification), 5 type of

figurative language (Metaphor), 10 type of figurative language (Simile), 4 type of

figurative language (Hyperbole), 3 type of figurative language (Allusion), 1 type of

figurative language (Repetition), 1 type of figurative language (Alliteration), 2 type of

figurative language (Onomatopoeia), and 7 type of figurative language (Idiom). Then

the type of figurative language were classified and analyzed. This study is highly

expected to give contribution for the reader to know about figurative language clearly.

It can help the reader know contextual meaning and speak English fluently. And it can

also be expected to enrich new English vocabulary used in the daily conversation.

Key Word: Figurative Language, Types, Katy Perry‟s Song

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AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN KATY PERRY’S SONG

ABSTRAK

Gaya bahasa adalah bahasa yang menggunakan berbagai macam kiasan.

Penelitian ini mendiskusikan tentang analisis gaya bahasa dalam lagu Katy Perry.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan makna tersirat dan tipe gaya

bahasa yang digunakan dalam lagu Katy Perry. Sumber data diperoleh dari irik lagu

Katy Perry. Lagu Katy Perry diklasifikasikan sebagai lagu pop yg dirilis pd 17

Oktober 2013. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah

deskriptif kualitatif dengan dokumen atau analisis isi sebagai tipe penelitiannya.

Skripsi ini mendeskripsikan tipe dari gaya bahasa yang ditemukan dari lagu Katy

Perry. Dari analisis, ada 9 tipe dari gaya bahasa, yaitu: Personifikasi, Persamaan,

Metafora, Hiperbola, Alusi, Pengulangan, Pengulangan konsonan, Paronomasia, dan

lagam bahasa. Ada juga beberapa teori yang berhubungan dengan gaya bahasa yang

digunakan untuk mendukung analisis, 36 bentuk gaya bahasa yang telah diseleksi dan

dianalisis. Ada 1 tipe gaya bahasa personifikasi, 5 tipe gaya bahasa metapora, 10 tipe

gaya bahasa persamaan, 4 tipe gaya bahasa hiperbola, 3 tipe gaya bahasa alusi, 1 tipe

gaya bahasa pengulangan, 1 tipe gaya bahasa pengulangan pada konsonan, 2 tipe

gaya bahasa paronomasia, 7 tipe lagam bahasa. Kemudian gaya bahasa tersebut

diklasifikasi dan dianalisis. Penelitian ini sangat diharapkan dapat memberikan

contribusi untuk pembaca untuk mengetahui gaya bahasa dengan jelas. Ini dapat

membantu pembaca berbahsa Inggris mengetahui makna tersirat dalam bahasa

inggris. Dan ini juga diharapkan dapat memperkaya kosakata Bahasa Inggris baru

untuk digunakan dalam percakapan sehari-hari.

Kata kunci: Gaya Bahasa, Tipe, Lagu Katy Perry

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DECLARATION OF AUTHENTICATION

In the name of Allah

I myself make declaration that this thesis entitle: AN ANALYSIS OF

FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN KATY PERRY‟S SONG. It is truly my own writing.

If it is not my own writing so, it is given a citation and show in the list of references.

If it is not my own declaration is not right in this thesis one day. I am ready to

be given academic sanction namely the cancellation of the degree of this thesis.

Palangka Raya, November 2015

My Own declaration,

NANA NURDIANA

SRN. 1101120674

xii

DEDICATION

This thesis is dedication to some special people as follows:

1. My beloved parents (Mr. Nursolikhin and Mrs. Winda susilowati).

Thanks for your love, praying, motivation, and material in finishing the

study.

2. Special thanks for my friends Ika Kusuma Ningsih, Rani Subekti, Siti

Ainul Avivah, and Susanti . Thanks for you because you always support

me some spirit to finish my study.

3. Special thanks for Dra. Halimah, M.Pd and Luqman Baehaqi, M.pd as

the advisors, for their guidance, suggestion, and encouragement during

the accomplishment of this thesis.

4. Special thanks for my beloved brothers (Chusnul Kurnia Mukti, Akbar

Ditya Ridhani, and Ilham Krisna Mukti) and sister in law (Rusmah).

Thanks for your support to finish my study.

5. All my lovely friends of English study program at academic years 2011.

xiii

MOTTO

Your time is limited, don’t waste it living someone else’s life.

(Steve Jobs)

xiv

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

PAGE OF COVER …………………………………………………………......... i

APPROVAL OF THE THESIS …………………………………………………. ii

OFFICIAL NOTE …………………………………………………………….….iv

LEGALIZATION OF THE THESIS EXAMINATION COMMITE …………...vi

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ……………………………………………………… vii

ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………………...... ix

DECLARATION ..................................................................................................xi

DEDICATION …………………………………………………………………. xii

MOTTO ................................................................................................................ xiii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ………………………………………………………..xiv

LIST OF TABLES ……………………………………………………………….xvii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study ............................................................. 1

B. Problem of the Study ................................................................... 4

C. Objective of the Study ................................................................. 4

D. Scope and Limitation of the Study .............................................. 5

E. Significance of the Study ............................................................. 5

F. Operational Definition ................................................................. 6

G. Framework of the Discussion ...................................................... 6

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A. Previous Study ............................................................................. 8

B. Literature ..................................................................................... 9

1. Categories of literature .......................................................... 10

2. Kinds of literature .................................................................. 10

C. Type of Figurative Language ...................................................... 10

xv

1. Personification ...................................................................... 11

2. Metaphor ............................................................................... 11

3. Simile .................................................................................... 13

4. Hyperbole ............................................................................. 14

5. Allusion ................................................................................ 14

6. Repetition ............................................................................. 15

7. Alliteration ............................................................................ 16

8. Onomatopoeia ....................................................................... 16

9. Idiom ..................................................................................... 16

D. Conceptual Metaphor Theory ...................................................... 17

E. Stylistic Theory ........................................................................... 21

F. Biography of Katy Perry ............................................................. 25

G. Auld Lang Syne: The Story of Song ........................................... 28

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

A. Research Design ......................................................................... 30

B. Research Type ............................................................................. 30

C. Role of the Research in the Study ............................................... 32

D. Research Site ............................................................................... 32

E. Data Source ................................................................................ 32

F. Data Collecting Procedure ........................................................... 33

G. Method for Verification of the Research Findings ...................... 34

1. Credibility .............................................................................. 34

2. Transferability ....................................................................... 35

3. Dependability ........................................................................ 35

4. Conformability ...................................................................... 36

H. Data Analysis .............................................................................. 36

1. Data Reduction ....................................................................... 37

2. Data display ........................................................................... 38

xvi

3. Conclusion ............................................................................. 38

CHAPTER IV RESULT OF THE STUDY

A. Research Findings and Discussion ............................................. 40

B. Discussion ................................................................................... 53

CHAPTER V CLOSING

A. Conclusion .................................................................................. 70

B. Suggestion .................................................................................... 70

REFERENCES

APPENDICES

xvii

LIST OF TABLE

Table 1. Types and Lyrics of “Roar” Song ..................................................................... 40

Table 2. Types and Lyrics of “Unconditionally” Song ................................................... 43

Table 3. Types and Lyrics of “Dark Horse” Song .......................................................... 44

Table 4. Types and Lyrics of “Birthday” Song ............................................................... 48

Table 5. Types and Lyrics of “Ghost” Song ................................................................... 49

Table of Conceptual Metaphor in Katy Perry‟s Song .................................................... 51

Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Personification) .................................. 54

Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Metaphor) ........................................... 54

Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Simile) ................................................ 57

Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Hyperbole) ......................................... 63

Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Allusion)............................................. 64

Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Repetition) .......................................... 66

Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Alliteration) ........................................ 66

Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Onomatopoeia) ................................... 67

Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Idiom) ................................................. 68

xviii

REFERENCES

Azwar, Saefudin. 2010. Metode Penelitian. Yogyakarta: pustaka pelajar. Jakarta:

Rineka Cipta.

Blesser, Charles E. 1999. Literary Criticism, An Introduction to Theory and

Practice. Jersy: Houghton college.

Collie, Joanne. 1987. Literature in the Language Classroom. Great Britain:

University in Cambridge Press.

Donald Ary, et, all. Introduction to Research in Education, Canada: Wadsworth,

Cengage Learning, 8th, Edition.

Emmanuel C. Sharnama and Jamila B. A Suleiman, „An analysis of figurative

language in two selected traditional funeral songs of the kilba people of

Adamawa State‟, International Journal of English Literature, Vol. 4,

2013.

Hartiningsih, Sri. 2001. Introcution to literature. Malang : Muhammadiyah

university.

Hasanah, Uswatun. 2012.An Analysis of Figurative Language In The Madman by

Kahli Gibran. English Departement Faculty of Teacher Training and

Educaton Madura Unversity Pamekasan.

Krippendorff, Klaus, Content analysis: an introduction to its methodology, p. 14,

2nd ed, California; Sage Plublications, 2004

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Pakistan English Newpaper‟, Internatioanal Journal of Linguistics, Vol.

6, 2014.

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2002

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Simpson, Paul. 2004. Stylistic a source book for students. Routledge English

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Websites

Examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-figuarative-language.html. Accessed

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M.S. McGlone, Language & Communication. Pdf. Accessed on September 15th

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xx

CURRICULUM VITAE

Name : NANA NURDIANA

Born : Kendal, January 29th

1993

Hobbies : Reading novel, singing and playing badminton

Parents : 1. Father NNURSOLIKHIN

2. Mother WINDA SUSILOWATI

Brothers : 1. CHUSNUL KURNIA MUKTI

2. AKBAR DITYA RIDHANI

3. ILHAM KRISNA MUKTI

Sister-in-law : RUSMAH

Graduated : Elementary school SDN 1 PANGKOH SARI at 2006th

Junior High School SMPN 1 PANDIH BATU at 2008th

Senior High School SMAN 1 PANDIH BATU at 2011th

Palangka Raya, Oktober, 2015