FIRST DOCTORAL COMMITTEE MEETING

(08.04.2014)

ST PETER'S UNIVERSITYCHENNAI, TAMILNADU

AN ADVANCED VERTICAL HANDOFF MECHANISM IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION USING FUZZY

VERTICAL HANDOFF DECISION (FVHD) ALGORITMPresented by

GANESAN R (SP13ECD503)Research Scholar

Under the Guidance ofDr.B.SOWMYA

Professor & HeadDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Dhanalakshmi College of EngineeringChennai

2

DOCTORAL COMMITTEE MEMBERS

Dr.G.P.Ramesh Professor & Head

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering St. Peter’s University, Chennai

Dr.C.Gomathy Professor & Head

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering SRM University, Chennai

3

OUTLINE • BROAD AREA OF RESEARCH• OBJECTIVE• INTRODUCTION• HANDOFF AND ITS TYPES• LITERATURE SURVEY• EXISTING METHODS• PROBLEM DEFINITION• PROPOSED METHOD• FUZZY LOGIC• RESEARCH OBJECTIVE• COURSE WORK• CONCLUSION• REFERENCES

BROAD AREA OF RESEARCH( Wireless Communication )

Growing consumer demand for access to communicate services anywhere and anytime.

Even 2G, 3G wireless system has been very successful, Users always demand to make phone calls while travelling.

4G wireless system will provide significantly higher data rates, variety of services, applications.

However the challenge for Next Generation Wireless Network (NWGN) is ensuring end-to-end connectivity.

Hence there is need for efficient vertical handoff mechanism for global access of multiple networks.

Handoff has significant importance among industry and academic researchers.

INTRODUCTION

Wireless technologies such as UMTS, WLAN, WiMAX, etc. were developed with different standards and these technologies offer variety of services.

One of the forthcoming challenge in network management is to establish connection between end to end heterogeneous wireless networks.

If the serving and target base station during Handover are of different wireless technologies (WLAN-WiMax) , then we are in need of Vertical handoff.

6

OBJECTIVE

To provide Always Best Connected (ABC) concept in heterogeneous network by using vertical handover (IEEE 802.21) where handover is done between different networks (UMTS, WLAN, WiMAX) based on different criteria like Received Signal Strength (RSS) and Quality of Service (QoS).

HETEROGENEOUS NETWORK SCENARIO

8

HANDOFF MECHANISM

Handoff is the mechanism that transfers an ongoing call from one cell to another as a user moves through the coverage area of a cellular system.

Handoff must be:

Performed quickly

Performed infrequently

Imperceptible to users

Performed successfully

9

TYPES OF HANDOFF

10

CLASSIFICATION OF HANDOFF

TYPES OF HANDOFF CLASSIFICATION

HORIZONTALINTRACELL INTERCELL

SOFT HARD

VERTICALDOWNWARD UPWARD

SOFT HARD

11

HANDOFF MANAGEMENT

There are three phase in course of Handoff :

Network discovery Handoff Decision Phase Handoff implementation Phase

12

LITERATURE SURVEY

13

S.NO AUTHOR / TITLE OF THE PAPER EXTRACT

1

Xiaohuan Yan a, Y. Ahmet S_ekerciog˘lu a,*, Sathya Narayanan b “ A survey of vertical handover decision algorithms in Fourth Generation heterogeneous wireless networks”

A comprehensive survey of the VHD algorithms designed to satisfy these requirements. To offer a systematic comparison, we categorize the algorithms into four groups based on the main handover decision criterion used.1.RSS based VHD algorithms 2. Bandwidth based VHD Algorithms3. Cost based VHD Algorithms 4. Combination algorithms

2

Nasıf Ekiz, Tara Salih, Sibel Küçüköner and Kemal Fidanboylu “An Overview of Handoff Techniques in Cellular Networks”

Issues related to handoff initiation and decision and discuss about different types of handoff techniques available

3

Peng Yang, Yong Sun, Chao Liu, Wei Li, Xiangming Wen “A Novel Fuzzy Logic Based Vertical Handoff Decision Algorithm for Heterogeneous Wireless Networks”

A speed-adaptive system discovery scheme before vertical handoff decision, which effectively improves the update rate of the candidate networks set.vertical handoff decision algorithm based on fuzzy logic with a pre-handoff decision method

4

Ravichandra M, Kiran Gowda H N, Udaya Kumar C A “A Survey on Handovers Literature for NextGeneration Wireless Networks”

1.Handover evolution. 2.Classification of Handover3.Requirements for Handover decision4.Handover in heterogeneous networks

EXISTING METHODS

1. Relative Signal Strength (RSS)

2. RSS with Threshold

3. Bandwidth based Algorithm

4. Cost based Algorithm

14

RELATIVE SIGNAL STRENGTH(RSS) The performance of the handoff algorithm is based on Relative

Signal Strength (RSS) metrics. In which the signal strength of neighbouring Base Stations are compared and handoff is enabled.

Drawbacks:

Too many unnecessary Handoffs.Call drops occur frequently.Ping-Pong Effect

15

RSS WITH THRESHOLD

Relative signal strength with threshold introduces a threshold value to overcome the Ping-Pong effect. The handoff is initiated if existing BS RSS is lower than the threshold value and the new BS RSS is stronger than the threshold value.

Drawbacks:

The mobile will delay the handoff until the current signal will crosses the threshold.

Call drops occur due to time delay.

16

BANDWIDTH BASED ALGORITHM

Bandwidth based VHD algorithms consider available bandwidth for a mobile terminal or traffic demand as the main criterion.

Drawbacks:

Difficulty in acquiring available bandwidth information.

Reduced reliability because of the changing available bandwidth.

17

COST BASED ALGORITHM

Cost function based VHD algorithms combine metrics such as the security, available bandwidth, monetary costs, power consumption, etc. in a cost function so as to make a handover decision.

Drawbacks:

Missing detailed information such as normalization method and weights assignment to make the algorithm realistic

18

COMPARITIVE STUDY OF EXISTING METHODS

ALGORITHMS APPLICABLE NETWORK

INPUT PARAMETERS

HANDOVER TARGET

RSS based VHD Heterogeneous Network

RSS Network with Stable RSS

Bandwidth based VHD

Heterogeneous Network

Bandwidth, RSS Network with highest

Bandwidth

Cost function based VHD

Heterogeneous Network

Cost, Bandwidth and security

Network with highest overall performance

19

PROBLEM DEFINITION

Wireless technology provides different alternatives for its Users that vary in terms of coverage, bandwidth, cost, Security and so on based on implementation and service.

Based on available parameters we have proposed a Fuzzy based Vertical Handover which considerably reduces the number of unwanted Handoff without changing the QoS.

SINR Parameter has been included which provide user’s higher overall throughput than RSS based handovers since the available throughput is directly dependent on the SINR and this algorithm results in a balanced load between the WLAN and the WiMax networks. Hence QoS is Maintained as Constant.

20

PROPOSED SYSTEM

Vertical handoff algorithm is used which checks “Fuzzy vertical handoff decision (FVHD)” value. By Observing FVHD Value unnecessary Handoff decisions can be drastically reduced.

21

FUZZY-LOGIC

Fuzzy logic acts as Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) method is not only to evaluate and combine many parameters at the same time but also to deal with some imprecise information.

22

PARAMETER REQUIRED FOR HANDOFF

23

FUZZY VERTICAL HANDOFF DECISION

24

PARAMETERS

ADVANTAGES OF FVHD

• Better QoS

• Avoid Unnecessary Handoff

• Fast

• Decrease the Probability of call drop

25

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE

Compare the occurrence of Handoff Performances using Fuzzy vertical handoff decision algorithm (FVHD) and Received Signal Strength (RSS) algorithms to determine the optimum Handoff mechanism.

26

COURSE WORK

COURSE WORK DURATION COURSES (M.E COMMUNICATION SYSTEM)

FOUR COURSES RELEVANT TO THE AREA OF

RESEARCH

12 MONTHS

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKSOFT COMPUTINGWIRELESS ADHOC & SENSOR NETWORKNETWORK MANAGEMENTULTRAWIDE BAND COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION NETWORK MODELLING & SIMULATION

27

CONCLUSION

Research should take place in order to minimize the handoff overheads like delays, connection drops and packet losses, both in case of intra and inter-technology handoff scenario.

28

REFERENCES

1. Xiaohuan Yan a, Y. Ahmet S_ekerciog˘lu a,*, Sathya Narayanan b “ A survey of vertical handover decision algorithms in Fourth Generation heterogeneous wireless networks” 2010

2. Peng Yang, Yong Sun, Chao Liu, Wei Li, Xiangming Wen “A Novel Fuzzy Logic Based Vertical Handoff Decision Algorithm for Heterogeneous Wireless Networks” IEEE Conference 2013.

3. Ravichandra M, Kiran Gowda H N, Udaya Kumar C A “A Survey on Handovers Literature for Next Generation Wireless Networks” December 2013

4. Abinav Kumar, Hemant Purohit “A Comparitive Study of Different types of Handoff Strategies in Cellular Systems” November 2013

5. M.Sazeeda Kausar, Dhanaraj Chellu “Context Aware Fuzzy Rule Based Vertical Handoff Decision Strategies for Heterogeneous Wireless Networks” August 2013

6. Jayasheela C S , Dr. Gowrishankar “A Comprehensive Parametric Analysis of Vertical Handoff in Next Generation Wireless Networks” April 2013

7. A.Ferdinand Christopher Dr.M.K.Jeyakumar “A Novel Congestion based Approach for vertical Handover” March 2013

8. Mandeep Kaur Gondra, Dr. Sanjay Kadam “ Requirements Of Vertical Handoff Mechanism In 4G Wireless Networks” April 2011

9. Chandrasekar G.Patil &R.D.Kharadkar.’The Vertical Handoff Algorithm using Fuzzy decisions in Cellular Phone Networks’. 2010.

10. Nasıf Ekiz, Tara Salih, Sibel Küçüköner and Kemal Fidanboylu “An Overview of Handoff Techniques in Cellular Networks”2005

29

THANK YOU

30

31

QUERIES