AMT ON CASA_HUMAN_FACTORS_TRAINING_SEPT_13
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Support for Human Factors Training: Look Down Under The Australian Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) has set a new international standard for high-quality human factors training materials JH * sC • ai Vi By Dr, Bill Jchnson Dr. Bill Johnson is the FAA Chief Scientific and Technical Advisor for Human Factors in Aircraft Maintenance Systems. Johnson is a member of the Human Factors Advisory Group to the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). The group worked with EASA to define human factors aspects of the proposed Safety Management System regulations. Maintenance organizations are always looking for the "latest and greatest" to improve their basic human factors training, or to supplement recurrent training. Well, look no further. The Australian Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) has set a new international standard for high-quality human factors training materials. CASA calls it Safety Behaviours - Human Factors for Engineers. Over the yrears 1 have developed, observed, and delivered a lot of maintenance human factors training throughout the world. 1 have also advised government and industry about the availability of products and services that can not only meet requirements, but also ensure continuing safety and efficient performance. There is an abundance of quality information available, as evidenced by a Google search using the term "maintenance human factors". The links lead to many' excellent service providers for training delivery. It is difficult to sort through the information to find the product/service that works for your organization. There is something for everyone in the CASA package. One size does not fit all Organizational requirements for HF training materials are varied. The vari¬ ance comes from the differences in orga¬ nizations' size, national aviation authority requirements, nature and time of work performed, industrial agreements, stability of workforce, qualifications of local training personnel, and level of commitment from management. Some organizations try to do as much as possible with computer-based training (CBT). Others have found that the blend of technology-based training and resident training, with an instructor, works best. When tied to a learning management system, the trainee must complete the CBT before participation in the instructor-led training. Some authorities, like Transport Organizations should strive for excellence and test to ensure that the training delivers a specified level of competence and, hopefully, lasting behavioral change. Canada, insist that CBT is not an acceptable human factors training alternative. Time is money in aircraft maintenance. Thus, some organizations strive to complete the training as quickly as possible. There are not many requirements for a specified training time. There are many' guidelines on the topics that should be included for initial as well as continuing/recurrent training. Organizations should strive for excellence and test to ensure that the training delivers a specified level of competence and, hope¬ fully', lasting behavioral change. The capability of the organization's training department affects training 36 September 2013 Aircrall Maintenance Technology • www.AviationPros.com • www.AMTSociety.org
Transcript of AMT ON CASA_HUMAN_FACTORS_TRAINING_SEPT_13
Support for HumanFactors Training:Look Down UnderThe Australian Civil Aviation Safety Authority(CASA) has set a new international standard forhigh-quality human factors training materials
JH* sC• ai
ViBy Dr, Bill Jchnson
Dr. Bill Johnsonis the FAA Chief
Scientific andTechnical Advisor
for HumanFactors in Aircraft
MaintenanceSystems. Johnson
is a member of theHuman Factors
Advisory Groupto the EuropeanAviation Safety
Agency (EASA).The group
worked withEASA to definehuman factorsaspects of the
proposed SafetyManagement
Systemregulations.
Maintenanceorganizationsare always looking for the"latest and greatest" toimprove their basic humanfactors training, or to
supplement recurrent training. Well, lookno further. The Australian Civil AviationSafety Authority (CASA) has set a newinternational standard for high-qualityhuman factors training materials. CASAcalls it Safety Behaviours - Human Factorsfor Engineers.
Over the yrears 1 have developed,observed, and delivered a lot ofmaintenance human factors trainingthroughout the world.1 have also advisedgovernment and industry about theavailability of products and services thatcan not only meet requirements, but alsoensure continuing safety and efficientperformance. There is an abundanceof quality information available, asevidenced by a Google search usingthe term "maintenance human factors".The links lead to many' excellent serviceproviders for training delivery. It isdifficult to sort through the informationto find the product/service that works foryour organization. There is something foreveryone in the CASA package.
One size does not fit allOrganizational requirements for HF
training materials are varied. The vari¬ance comes from the differences in orga¬nizations' size, national aviation authorityrequirements, nature and time of workperformed, industrial agreements, stability
of workforce, qualifications of local trainingpersonnel, and level of commitment frommanagement. Some organizations try to doas much as possible with computer-basedtraining (CBT). Others have found that theblend of technology-based training andresident training, with an instructor, worksbest. When tied to a learning managementsystem, the trainee must complete the CBTbefore participation in the instructor-ledtraining. Some authorities, like Transport
Organizations should strivefor excellence and testto ensure that the trainingdelivers a specified levelof competence and, hopefully,lasting behavioral change.
Canada, insist that CBT is not an acceptablehuman factors training alternative.
Time is money in aircraft maintenance.Thus, some organizations strive to completethe training as quickly as possible. Thereare not many requirements for a specifiedtraining time. There are many' guidelines onthe topics that should be included for initialas well as continuing/recurrent training.Organizations should strive for excellenceand test to ensure that the training deliversa specified level of competence and, hope¬fully', lasting behavioral change.
The capability of the organization'straining department affects training
36 September 2013 Aircrall Maintenance Technology • www.AviationPros.com • www.AMTSociety.org
design and delivery. The May 2013 AMTmagazine covers the newly proposed EASArequirements for a human factors trainer.Small companies may choose to sendpersonnel to off-site classes offered byexternal training services providers. Suchcourses likely ensure an experienced trainerwho will bring a variety of industry storiesto the class. The trade-off with externalvs. local trainers is the extent to which thecontent can be matched to organizationalchallenges and culture. Many human factorsissues are common to the entire industry.Thus, most externally provided informationis relevant.
What’s on trainingorganizations’ HF wish list?
HF training has been around for nearly20 years. Therefore the wish list is asking forfresh ideas, new graphical depictions, newevent scenarios, and improved multimedia.Concepts like PEAR, Dirty Dozen, and SwissCheese still have high value, but trainers and
FROM THE FAA
learn¬ers want thetested concepts tolook new. Worn-out graphicaldepictions from the '90s are insuffi¬cient. The same holds true for videos.The Canadian Defense film, aboutthe C-130 and the Dirty Dozen, has agreat message, but can an organiza¬tion expect today's learners/gamers toaccept old-school edutainment?
There are newer videos. Some are free onYouTube and others at a fair and reasonablecost. Some organizations, mostly laTge ones,have produced videos focusing on local main¬tenance events. Delta Air Lines and LufthansaTechnik, for example, have produced effectivevideos. However, it takes a deep pocket ($10-
Figure 1: The CASASafety Behaviours:Human Factors for
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Figure 2: Improving the PEAR model
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