Amps, Watts.
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Amp Hours (AH) The volume of electricity, capacity. A battery’s storage capacity is measured in amps or amp (ampere) hours. One amp equals one hour of use without recharging or, in practical terms, how long you can use power on a dark, rainy day. All deep cycle batteries are rated in amp hours supposedly, although I’ve noticed the less expensive ones sometimes don’t want to mention it or they use another rating mechanism having little to do with it (more on that below). As a general statement, higher end batteries have higher amp hour rates. Functionally, it’s a way for you to gauge how long you can use that battery at a known usage level without recharging it. The higher the amp hour rating, the bigger the battery. You need to guess your level of use in amps or watts (see below) for any of it to make sense. To give you an idea of the amp hour differences in batteries, a lower end battery may have a 34 amp hour capacity and a high end fabulous battery could have over a 400 amp hour capacity. There are lots in between. The cost associated with each of these batteries can be wildly different. Of course the issue is, what do you need? Another issue may be, what can you afford? Watts – The amount of electricity. Watts are more often associated with a consuming device than amperes (amps) as in your light bulb has how many watts? You don’t often hear, so, your light bulb has how many amps? It’s helpful to know/guess how much electricity you might consume when you’re trying to make decisions about battery size. Since batteries typically measure storage capacity in amps and consuming devices typically in watts, you might want to change the amp hour measurement associated with the battery into watt hours as it becomes more like an oranges to oranges comparison. As one amp equals one hour of use, one watt also equals one hour of use. To do this you can change the amp hour measurement associated with a battery into watt hours. The equation for finding how many watt hours are available in a battery when the amp hours are known is voltage x amp hours. For instance, a 12 volt 105 amp hour (AH) battery can supply 1260 watt hours (12 volts x 105 amp hours =1260 watt hours). That’s at 100% discharge without pumping in new energy (which means, if you actually do that, you’ve likely ruined your battery you shouldn’t go lower than 80% with 50% being better). So, at say a 50% discharge its capacity might be closer to 630 watt hours (1260 divided by 2). Again, the general equation is watts equal volts x amps. THE BATTERY Home Site Map Batteries Battery Types Battery Size Amps, Watts... Battery Facts Solar Panels Solar Panels 2 Controllers Controllers 2 Inverters Inverters 2 Wiring Wiring 2 Final Thoughts My Setup Resources Solar News AMPS, WATTS, VOLTS
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4/21/2015 Amps,Watts...
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AmpHours(AH)Thevolumeofelectricity,capacity.A batterys storage capacity is measured in amps or amp (ampere)hours. One amp equals one hour of use without recharging or, inpractical terms,how longyoucanusepoweronadark, rainyday.Alldeep cyclebatteriesare rated inamphours supposedly, although Ivenoticedthelessexpensiveonessometimesdontwanttomentionitortheyuseanotherratingmechanismhavinglittletodowith it(moreonthatbelow).Asageneralstatement,higherendbatterieshavehigheramphourrates.Functionally,itsawayforyoutogaugehowlongyoucanusethatbatteryataknownusagelevelwithoutrechargingit.Thehigher theamphour rating, thebigger thebattery.Youneed toguessyour level of use in amps orwatts (see below) for any of it tomakesense.
Togiveyouanideaoftheamphourdifferencesinbatteries,alowerendbattery may have a 34 amp hour capacity and a high end fabulousbattery could have over a 400 amp hour capacity. There are lots inbetween.Thecostassociatedwitheachofthesebatteriescanbewildlydifferent.Ofcoursetheissueis,whatdoyouneed?Anotherissuemaybe,whatcanyouafford?WattsTheamountofelectricity.Wattsaremoreoftenassociatedwithaconsumingdevicethanamperes(amps)asinyourlightbulbhashowmanywatts?Youdontoftenhear,so,yourlightbulbhashowmanyamps?Its helpful to know/guess how much electricity you might consumewhenyouretryingtomakedecisionsaboutbatterysize.Sincebatteriestypically measure storage capacity in amps and consuming devicestypicallyinwatts,youmightwanttochangetheamphourmeasurementassociatedwiththebatteryintowatthoursasitbecomesmorelikeanorangestoorangescomparison.Asoneampequalsonehourofuse,onewattalsoequalsonehourofuse.Todo thisyoucanchange theamphourmeasurementassociatedwithabatteryintowatthours.Theequationforfindinghowmanywatthoursareavailableinabatterywhentheamphoursareknownisvoltagexamphours.Forinstance,a12volt105amphour(AH)batterycansupply1260watthours(12voltsx105amphours=1260watthours).Thatsat100%dischargewithoutpumping in new energy (whichmeans, if you actually do that, youvelikelyruinedyourbatteryyoushouldntgolowerthan80%with50%beingbetter).So,atsaya50%dischargeitscapacitymightbecloserto630watthours(1260dividedby2).Again,thegeneralequationiswattsequalvoltsxamps.
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AMPS, WATTS, VOLTS
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Going along with the example above, lets say your very safe 50%capacity allows that 630 watt hours of total usage mentioned above.Lets further say thatmaybe the biggest or longest inuse consumingdeviceyouwanttorunisyourportablecomputeranditconsumesabout95 watts an hour (look on the label). 630 total watt hours safelyavailabledividedby95wattsusedperhour=6.63hoursusagewithnoincoming battery charge. (Although its good to know even cloudy orrainydaysprovidesomeelectricalcharge.)
Ifthatsalongenoughusetimeforyou,thenperhapsinourexample,a105amphourbattery is big enough for yourneeds. In reverse,wattsdividedbyvolts=amps.Or,1260watthoursdividedby12volts=105amp hours, or using our 50% example, 630watt hours divided by 12volts = 52.5 amp hours available. How many amps does a portablecomputerdraw?Ithinkmineisaround7or8ampsperhour.52.6amphoursdividedby8equals6.56amphours.So,whetheryoucomparebyamp hours or watt hours the actual usage time comes out about thesame. Comparing usingwatts is just a bit easier because thats whatconsumingdevicestendtocomein.Theamphoursizeofyourbatterymatters.Onthevery lowend,a34amp hour battery might be fine if you have strong solar panel input,shorttermusewhichallowsforbatteryrecoverytimegoodsunwithnobatterydrain,oryoudontgetmanyrainydayswhereyouare.DifferentMeasurementConversionsforaBatteryDeepCycleBatteriesaremeasuredinamphoursandthenumberofamphours will be listed on it, on the better batteries anyway, or at leastavailable.
Thefollowingisofferedbywindsun.comassomeapproximateamphourratingsforexplainingsomeidentifiersthatappearonbatteriesinsteadofamphours.Withoutthisguessworkontheirparttheseidentifiers, likeGroup24(whatsthatabout),arentveryhelpful.
IdentifierAmphourestimateVolts
U134to40amphours12volt
Group2470to85amphours12volt
Group2785to105amphours12volt
Group3195to125amphours12volt
4D180to215amphours12volt
8D225to255amphours12volt
Golfcart180225amphours6volt&T105
SomeGoodtoKnowBatteryFactsPage5
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