American Revolution

CHAPTER 7HISTORY ALIVE

The American Revolution

Purpose:What: Rebellion

By: Understanding how the Continental Army was able to win the war for independence from Great Britain.

So: We understand how it affects our life.

I. Introduction

A. In the Beginning.1. Americans are excited. 2. Americans are not ready for war.3. British are ready for war.4. Americans should lose.

Essential Question:How was the Continental Army able to win the war for independence from Great Britain.

II. American Strengths and Weaknesses

A. .1. . 2. .3. .4. .

B. . 1. .2. .3. .4. .

II. American Strengths and Weaknesses

A. American Weaknesses 1. Few Soldiers2. Untrained Army and Militias3. Limited money and resources/supplies4. No Navy

B. American Strengths1. Many Americans supported the revolutionary

cause.2. Fighting on home ground:3. Fighting for a cause in which they believed 4. George Washington

III. British Strengths and Weaknesses

A. .1. . 2. .3. .4. .

B. . 1. .2. .3. .4. .

I. Comparing Strengths and Weaknesses

A. Great Britain’s Strengths .1. More Money and resources than the colonies. 2. Well-trained army 3. largest navy in the world.4. More soldiers

B. Great Britain’s Weaknesses. 1. Included some mercenaries, or hired soldiers,

not dedicated to the British cause.2. Britain had to ship supplies across the Atlantic.3. Had to deal with hostile citizens

Important QuestionsWhat military advantages did the British

have over the colonists?Well trained army, largest navy in the world

What advantages did the colonists have over the British?

Many Americans strongly supported the revolution, and they were fighting on home ground for a cause in which they believed.

CH 7 The American Revolution

Objectives:1. How did different groups contribute to the war effort?

IV. Great Britain Almost Wins the War

A. .1. .2. .

B. African Americans and the War.1. .2. . 3. .4. .5. .

C. .1. .2. .

D. .1. .2. .3. .

IV. Great Britain Almost Wins the War

A. Britain’s War Strategy1. William Howe ordered to capture New York City2. Washington leaves Boston to stop British in New York.

B. African Americans and the War.1. What did the Declaration mean for slaves. Free, equal?2. African Americans already were involved. Not allowed

in Continental Army. 3. Washington and Southerners did not want slaves

running away to join the army. 4. 1775 Lord Dunmore's Proclamation promised freedom

to any slave who fought for the British. 5. Continental Army began allowing free African

Americans to enlist, and eventually some 5,000 joined

IV. Great Britain Almost Wins the War

C. Defeat in New York1. Americans suffer great lose in Battles of New

York.2. Howe thinks he won and allows Washington to

escape. D. Fading Hope.

1. Washington is run out of New York, New Jersey and into PA.

2. Life was miserable for Continental Army and all seemed lost.

3. Solders enlistment were up and the army was going home.

Important QuestionsWhy did the Continental Army decide to

allow free African Americans to enlist?- In response to Lord Dunmore’s Proclamation,

which offered freedom to any African American who fought for the British.

V. A Pep Talk and Surprise Victories

A. . B. The Crisis.

1. .2. .3. .

C. Victory at Trenton.1. .2. .3. .4. .

V. A Pep Talk and Surprise Victories

A. Victorious British offer pardon for surrender. B. The Crisis.

1. Washington desperate to keep his army.2. Has Thomas Paine’s The Crisis read to army.3. He also plans a daring attack on Trenton to boost

morale.C. Victory at Trenton.

1. Washington’s army crossed the icy Delaware River on Christmas night of 1776.

2. Arrive in Trenton the next morning to surprise the drunk Hessians.

3. They capture Trenton and 800 Hessian mercenaries .4. Victory electrifies the Continental army who re-enlist.

VI. The Tide Begins to TurnA. .

1. .2. .3. .

B. .1. .2. .

C. .1. .2. .

D. .1. .2. .3. .

E. .1. .2. .3. .

F. .1. .2. .3. .4. .5. .

VI. The Tide Begins to TurnA. Early Strategy Changes.

1. First strategy was to win one big battle.2. Washington changes strategy. Avoid big battles.3. He would be defensive and wear the British out.

B. A New British Strategy.1. British change their strategy. Divide the colonies in

half between New York and New England2. John Burgoyne’s plan for dividing New England.

a. He was attack from Canadab. Howe would attack from the southc. Another army from the west.

VI. The Tide Begins to TurnC. Problems with Burgoyne’s plan.

1. The map route looked easy but was not.a. Thick wilderness and lot of extra supplies slowed the army.

2. General Howe did not go to Albany. He went to PhillyD. Turning Point

1. Burgoyne makes it to Saratoga but it is meets the Continental Army.2. Burgoyne gets no help from other armies and is forced to surrender.3. Battle of Saratoga is first major victory. We get:

a. France and Spain enter the war on our side.b. Boosts moralec. Ends threat to New England

E. Winter at Valley Forge.1. Saratoga great victory but not the end. Cold winter of suffering2. Howe still in Philly and Washington roamed the country.3. No food for Washington because Continental Money was worthless. British

paid in gold.4. Baron Fredrich Von Steuben a Prussian officer trains the Army.5. Marquis de Lafayette a French noblemen helps with his service and money.

CH 7 The American Revolution

Objectives:1. What were Washington’s strategies at Trenton

and Princeton?

Battle of Trenton

VII. The War Moves SouthA. .

1. .2. .

B. Saving the South1. .2. .3. .4. .5. .

C. A Trap at Yorktown1. .2. .3. .4. .

D. Cornwallis Surrenders1. .2. .3. .

CH 7 The American Revolution

Objectives:1. Why was the Battle of Saratoga a turning point

in the war?

John Burgoyne/ St Leger/ William Howe

Horatio Gates/Benedict Arnold

Important Questions1. What effects did the America victory at

Saratoga have?- Improved colonial morale- Increased foreign support for Patriots- Ended threat in New England- 1st Major victory and turning point

CH 7 The American Revolution

Objectives:

1. Describe how the war took place in the southern colonies?

VII. The War Moves SouthA. .

1. .2. .

B. Saving the South1. .2. .3. .4. .5. .

C. A Trap at Yorktown1. .2. .3. .4. .

D. Cornwallis Surrenders1. .2. .3. .

VII. The War EndsA. .

1. .2. .

B. .1. .2. .

C. .1. .2. .

VII. The War EndsA. .

1. .2. .

B. .1. .2. .

C. .1. .2. .