America RespondsLegislation to Fight the War

Pearl Harbor

Hitler Conquers Europe in Eight Steps

Foreign Policy During WWII

“This nation will remain a neutral nation, but I cannot ask that every American remain neutral in

thought as well. Even a neutral has a right to take account of facts, even a neutral cannot be

asked to close his mind or close his conscience. I have said not once but many times that I have

seen war and that I hate war… I hope the United States will keep out of this war, I believe that it will. And I give you assurance and reassurance

that every effort of your government will be directed toward that end. As long as it remains

within my power to prevent there will be no blackout of peace in the United States.”

President Roosevelt during one of his Fireside Chats

America RespondsThe Neutrality Acts

Cash-and-Carry PolicyLend-Lease Program

The Neutrality ActsDesigned to prevent the United States from being

dragged into a possible European war as a result of the actions of Nazi Germany.

Established a mandatory arms embargo against both victim AND aggressor

1935

Cash-and-Carry Policy

Added to the Neutrality Act of 1935 as the war became more evident.

Belligerents could purchase only non-military goods from the United States, but had to pay cash

and carry the goods on their own vessels after purchase.

1937

Lend-Lease ActAn Act to Further Promote the Defense of the United

States

Amended the Neutrality Act by allowing the United States to sell arms to allied nations BUT also

allowed to lend or lease armaments to any nation “vital to the defense of the United States”

1941

Britain USSR

What caused the Empire of Japan to attack the United

States at Pearl Harbor?Question.

Japanese-American RelationsJapan invaded Manchuria (in 1931) and mainland China after (Sino-Japanese War in 1937). Invaded French Indochina in 1940.

Three Conditions that Bothered America:1. Alliance with Italy and Germany2. A unified Asia under Hirohito3. Refusal to leave China

How did the US respond?Trade embargo on oil.

Pearl HarborDecember 7th, 1941

Pearl Harbor Attacks - Nat GeoPearl Harbor (1.22.00)

“A date which will live in infamy…”

Was the attack on Pearl Harbor a

failure?Question

Pearl HarborShips Sunk &

Completely Lost

Ships Sunk, Rebuilt, Slightly Damaged, or Not Damaged at

allUSS Arizona

USS OklahomaUSS Utah

2000+ sailors & soldiers dead

1000+ sailors & soldiers wounded

USS NevadaUSS West Virginia

USS CaliforniaUSS Pennsylvania

USS TennesseeUSS Maryland

USS New OrleansUSS San Francisco

USS Raleigh USS DetroitUSS Phoenix

70+ More ships NOT including submarines, large supplies of oil on the island,

planes, and NO aircraft carriers.

“Yesterday, December 7th, 1941 -- a date which will live in infamy –the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked

by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.”