America Colonization Intro

Famous line…

In Fourteen-Hundred and Ninety-Two,

Columbus Sailed the Ocean Blue.

-Traditional Verse

“In Fourteen-Hundred and Ninety- Three,

Columbus Stole all he could see.”

-Traditional Verse Updated

Sec. 2.1 – p. 38-44

• Christopher Columbus

• From Italy

• Spain sponsored his voyagein 1492.

Why did Columbus travel westward?

• Find a direct route to Asia• Spices / Gold• Spread Christianity (Catholic)

August 3, 1492

• First voyage• Columbus knew the world was

round!!!• Orig. thought he was in INDIA >>>

(Indians)• Landed in Bahamas – October 12 “San Salvador”

In the Indies

• People call “Tainos” (TEE-nohs)• Found salt, tobacco, crafts and

GOLD• Began to search other Islands

Hispaniola

Encomienda System

• Disputes and conflicts begin as more colonists show up

• Encomienda Sys. – Colonists received land and Natives to work for them

• Slavery system – mine gold, build houses, grow food

Natives Suffer

• Brutal system for Natives – Harsh treatment

• Bartolome de Las Casas – Spanish Priest who demanded an end to the En. Sys.

• System did NOT end – Native populations destroyed

• Need more labor = more slavery

How was America Colonized?

“The Europeans were able to Conquer America not because of their Military Genius, or their Religious Motivation, or their Ambition, or their Greed. They Conquered it by waging Unpremeditated Biological Warfare.”

-Howard Simpson

• DISEASES = the key to successful European colonization

• Smallpox

• Natives have no immune resistance (90% populations wiped out)

Columbian Exchange

• Cultural exchanges between Europe, Americas, Africa, and Asia

• Food, plants, animals, religion, diseases

Jamestown, 1607

• 1587 – Sir Walter Raleigh’s Roanoke colony in NC fails – settlers disappeared

“CRO” carved on the tree

• Joint-Stock Co.’s pay for next attempt

• John Smith leads settlers to Jamestown, VA

ROANOKE COLONY DISAPPEARS

JAMESTOWN SETTLEMENT

ORIGINAL 13 COLONIES

Rough Times in Jamestown

• 70 of 100 men die during first winter

• Looking for gold, not building colony

• No gold found!!!

• What saves Jamestown???

Tobacco!!!

• Growing crop saves colony (J. Rolfe)

• Sell back in Europe

• Need labor in America!!! More people come.

• Indentured Servants >>> Slavery

POCAHONTAS SAVES JOHN SMITH

JAMESTOWN FORT MODEL

JAMESTOWN OUTER WALLS

JAMESTOWN HOUSES

JAMESTOWN CANNONS