America before European Conquest · America before European Conquest Before Columbus...

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America before European Conquest Before Columbus (“Pre-Columbian”) Diversity Contact & Conquest The Spanish in America – goals? Consequences For Europeans For Native Americans “Columbian Exchange”

Transcript of America before European Conquest · America before European Conquest Before Columbus...

Page 1: America before European Conquest · America before European Conquest Before Columbus (“Pre-Columbian”) Diversity Contact & Conquest The Spanish in America – goals? Consequences

America before European Conquest

Before Columbus (“Pre-Columbian”)

Diversity

Contact & Conquest

The Spanish in America – goals?

Consequences

For Europeans

For Native Americans

“Columbian Exchange”

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Bering Strait - today

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Beringia – the last Ice Age

Page 4: America before European Conquest · America before European Conquest Before Columbus (“Pre-Columbian”) Diversity Contact & Conquest The Spanish in America – goals? Consequences
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North America

diversity

climate

geography

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North America

4 million

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Central & South America

76 million

Aztecs - Mexica

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Mexica/Aztec

Nahuatl

“People of Aztlan”

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Tenochtitlán

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Aztec Empire

Page 11: America before European Conquest · America before European Conquest Before Columbus (“Pre-Columbian”) Diversity Contact & Conquest The Spanish in America – goals? Consequences
Page 12: America before European Conquest · America before European Conquest Before Columbus (“Pre-Columbian”) Diversity Contact & Conquest The Spanish in America – goals? Consequences

Motecuzōma Xocoyotzin

Montezuma or

Moctezuma II

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Hernán Cortés

1519 - 1521

Page 14: America before European Conquest · America before European Conquest Before Columbus (“Pre-Columbian”) Diversity Contact & Conquest The Spanish in America – goals? Consequences

Largest pre-Columbian empire

Inca (Inka)

Quechua

Cusco

(Cuzco), Peru

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Francisco Pizarro

Gonzalez

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Atahualpa

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1524 - 1533

Page 20: America before European Conquest · America before European Conquest Before Columbus (“Pre-Columbian”) Diversity Contact & Conquest The Spanish in America – goals? Consequences

Spanish America

goals ?

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“God, gold & glory”

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Spanish America

how to extract maximum profit ?

Maximize labor

Control flow of wealth

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Maximize labor

“encomienda” – system of labor tribute

“encomendero”

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Control flow of wealth

Establish government

silver

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Administration of Spanish America

“viceroyalty”

“viceroy”

accountants

customs officials

judges

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Crown’s portion of the wealth

Royal fifth

“quinta”

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Consequences of Contact

“Columbian exchange”

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Consequences of Contact

demographic catastrophe

smallpox

typhus

influenza

measles

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The English in America


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