AMC straight-6 engine 1

AMC straight-6 engineThe American Motors Corporation (AMC) straight-6 family of engines was used in AMC passenger cars andJeep vehicles from 1964 through 2006.

195.6American Motors' first straight-six engine was the 195.6 cu in (unknown operator: u'strong' L). It was producedfrom 1958 through 1965 in both overhead valve (OHV) and flathead (L-head) side-valve versions.Sometimes referred to as the 196 engine, this engine was originally designed by Nash in the 1930s as a flathead, andredesigned as an OHV engine in 1956. The flathead version was discontinued for 1956–1957, but reemerged in 1958as the economy engine for the "new" Rambler American. When the engine was changed to an OHV configurationthe water pump was moved from the left side of the engine (driven by a shaft extending from the back of thegenerator) to the front above the timing chain. When the flathead model was reintroduced it also received the newwater pump. Equipped with such high quality parts as forged crankshafts and connecting rods, these engines earned areputation for remarkable durability. The flathead, however, was prone to the typical flathead problem ofoverheating under sustained heavy load. This was from the hot exhaust traveling through the cylinder block to theexhaust manifold.American Motors introduced a die-cast aluminum block version of the OHV 195.6 cu in (unknown operator:u'strong' L) engine in 1961. It was produced through 1964. This engine used cast-iron cylinder liners and a cast-ironhead. The cast iron and aluminum block heads are of similar design but will not interchange. The aluminum block isslightly wider than the iron block and the bolts on the left and right sides of the cylinders are further apart.The 196 OHV requires more periodic maintenance than newer-model engines. The head bolts must be re-torqued(retightening process) regularly. Factory service manuals recommend that head bolt torque be checked every4000 mi (unknown operator: u'strong' km) and to re-torque them every 8000 mi (unknown operator:u'strong' km). With modern head gaskets this service interval can be extended to re-torque the bolts every 12000 mi(unknown operator: u'strong' km), or every other year. The cause of the headbolts loosening over time is believedto be thermal expansion and contraction of the head due to the rather massive design. This loosens the bolts overtime and eventually causes the seal between the head and block to fail. This maintenance is imperative to prevent theengine from running hot (the first sign of a blown head gasket) and thus warping or cracking the head. The cast-ironliners in the aluminum block version can also shift if the head bolts are not properly torqued and the engine is runhot. If this process is not followed, then repairs will be necessary and replacement heads and aluminum blocks forthese engines are now more difficult to find.[1]

The modern era I-6

Engine bay of a 1968 Rambler American

The company designed an entirely new six-cylinder with a short strokeand seven main bearing crankshaft for 1964. This design was producedin various forms through 2006. The 232 cu in (unknown operator:u'strong' L) "Torque Command" inline six was AMC's first modernsix-cylinder engine.[2]

To commemorate the engine's May 1964 introduction, 2,520"Typhoon" cars were made on the Rambler Classic hardtop body.[3]

Each featured the 145 hp (unknown operator: u'strong' kW) 8.5:1

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AMC straight-6 engine 2

compression ratio engine, Solar Yellow body paint, a Classic Black roof, and a distinctive "Typhoon" script in placeof the usual "Classic" name. All other AMC options (except engine options) were available.[4]

The new engine replaced the Nash 195.6 cu in (unknown operator: u'strong' L) OHV I6 in the Classic andAmbassador for the 1965 model year (this was also the first use of a six in the Ambassador since 1956).In 1966, a 199 cu in (unknown operator: u'strong' L) version finally replaced the aging 195.6 cu in (unknownoperator: u'strong' L) OHV and L-head engines. Road tests by Consumer Reports described the new powerplant as"a very smooth and quiet engine, which should give good performance."[5]

Both the 199 and 232 featured a 3.75 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm) bore, and either a 3.0 in (unknownoperator: u'strong' mm) or 3.5 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm) stroke. The 199 was discontinued in 1970;the 232 was offered alongside the 258 cu in (unknown operator: u'strong' L) (made by using a 3.895 in (unknownoperator: u'strong' mm) stroke crankshaft and slightly taller block) during the 1970s, but was discontinued in 1979.Increasingly stringent emission control regulations continued to decrease the engine's power output, making thesmaller version inadequate as increasingly stringent safety regulations also made vehicles heavier.

199The 199 cu in (unknown operator: u'strong' L) (198.8 cuin / 3,258 cc) 199 was produced from 1965 to 1970.Applications:• Rambler Classic (1965–66, fleet cars only)• Rambler American/AMC Rambler (1965–69)• AMC Hornet (1970)• AMC Gremlin (1970)• VAM Rambler American (1966–1969) U.S. equivalent - AMC Rambler American and AMC Rambler.

232

Standard 232 in a 1966 Rambler Classic

The 232 cu in (unknown operator: u'strong' L) (231.9 cu in /3,801 cc) 232 was produced from 1964 to 1979. The 232 was the basesix-cylinder engine on many models through 1979, and even towardsthe end of its usage was considered reasonably modern in design.[6]

After its midyear 1964 introduction in the "Typhoon" two-door hardtopas part of the mid-sized Rambler Classic line, the 232 engine wasadapted to fit into the smaller 1965 Rambler American by using aspecial short water pump, an adaptive piece also used in the1971–1975 Jeep CJ-5.[7] Air conditioning was available only with theolder 196 engine in the American, because there wasn't space for itwith the longer 232.[7]

Through the 1970 model year, the 232 shared a deck height with the 199 cu in (unknown operator: u'strong' L)engines. Starting in 1971, AMC raised the deck height to produce the 258, and the 232 adopted the 199's longerconnecting rods and shared deck height with the 258. Bore and stroke remained the same.

In 1972, the bell housing bolt pattern changed to match the larger version used on the V8 engines.[7]

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AMC straight-6 engine 3

Engine bay of a 1975 AMC Hornet with a 232

Changes for the 1976 model year included fuel economyimprovements that also reduced emissions and reduced warmuptime.[8] This was accomplished by reshaped carburetor air passagesthat pushed the fuel efficiency of a 232-equipped AMC Gremlin to30 mpg-US (unknown operator: u'strong' L/100 km; unknownoperator: u'strong' mpg-imp) as tested by the United StatesEnvironmental Protection Agency, compared to 24 mpg-US (unknownoperator: u'strong' L/100 km; unknown operator:u'strong' mpg-imp) in 1975.

[8]

Applications:• Rambler Classic (1964–1966)• Rambler American/AMC Rambler (1964–1969)• Rambler/AMC Marlin (1965–1967)• Rambler/AMC Ambassador (1965–1970)• Rambler/AMC Rebel (1967–70)• AMC Javelin (1968–74)• AMC Hornet (1970–77)• AMC Gremlin (1970–78)• AMC Matador (1971–74)• AMC Pacer (1975–79)• AMC Concord (1978–79)• AMC Spirit (1979)• Jeep CJ (1972–79)• Jeep Cherokee (1974–79)• Jeep Wagoneer (1965–1971)• Jeep J series trucks (1965–1970)• Jeep Commando (1972–1973) (1976 in Spain)[9]

• International Harvester Scout (1969–1971)• International Harvester Light Line pickups/Travelall

252The 252 cu in (unknown operator: u'strong' L) engine was produced by AMC's Mexican subsidiary VehiculosAutomotores Mexicanos (VAM) beginning in 1969 and was dropped after 1972, replaced with AMC's 258 for the1973 model year onward. This was similar to a 232 in stroke with a larger 3.91 in (unknown operator:u'strong' mm) bore, for an actual displacement of 252.15 cu in (unknown operator: u'strong' cc).Output for 1972 Rambler American Rally model (gross):

• Horsepower 170 hp (unknown operator: u'strong' kW) @ 4600 rpm• Torque 240 lb·ft (unknown operator: u'strong' N·m) @ 2300 rpmEngine dimensions:

• Compression ratio 9.5:1• Intake valve diameter 2.020 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)• Exhaust valve diameter 1.6755 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)• Pushrod length 5.875 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)

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AMC straight-6 engine 4

• Deck height 9.424 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)• Bore 3.910 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)• Stroke 3.50 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)Applications:• VAM 1969 and 1970 Javelin (U.S. equivalent - AMC Javelin)• VAM 1969 through 1971 Rambler Classic SST (U.S. equivalent - AMC Rebel hardtop and AMC Matador

hardtop)• VAM 1970 Rambler Classic 770 (U.S. equivalent - AMC Rebel sedan)• VAM 1971 Rambler Classic DPL (U.S. equivalent - AMC Matador sedan)• VAM 1972 Rambler American Rally (U.S. equivalent - AMC Hornet Rallye X)

258

Engine bay of a 1980 AMC Spirit AMX withnumerous emissions controls

The 258 cu in (unknown operator: u'strong' L) was produced from1971 to 1990. It featured an undersquare 3.75 in (unknown operator:u'strong' mm) bore and 3.895 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)stroke; it was otherwise similar to the 199 and 232. This engine isconsidered reliable, inexpensive, and torquey."[10] Later 258 models(starting with the 1980 model year for California AMC Concords andSpirits, 1981 for California Jeeps, California Eagles, and 49-stateConcord and Spirits, as well as in 1982 for 49-state Eagles and allother applications) are equipped with AMC Computerized EngineControl (CEC) system.

Applications:• AMC Hornet/Concord/Eagle (1971–1988)• AMC Pacer (1975–1980)• AMC Matador (1971–1978)• AMC Gremlin and Spirit (1971–1983)• International Harvester Scout and Light Line trucks (1972–1974)• Jeep CJ (1972–1986)• Jeep Cherokee and Wagoneer (1972–1986)• Jeep J series trucks (1971–1988)• Jeep Wrangler (1987–1990)• Jeep Commando (1972–1973)• VAM Rambler American (1973–1974) U.S. equivalent - AMC Hornet• VAM Rambler American Rally (1973–1974) U.S. equivalent - AMC Hornet X sedan instead of hatchback.• VAM American (1975–1983) U.S. equivalent - AMC Hornet base model and AMC Concord base model.•• VAM American Rally (1975) U.S. equivalent - AMC Hornet X sedan instead of hatchback.• VAM American ECD (1975–1979) U.S. equivalent - AMC Hornet DL two- and four-door sedans and AMC

Concord DL/Limited four-door sedan.• VAM Gremlin X (1976–1982) U.S. equivalent - AMC Gremlin X and AMC Spirit sedan X model equivalent.• VAM Gremlin (1977–1983) U.S. equivalent - AMC Gremlin and AMC Spirit sedan base model.

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AMC straight-6 engine 5

282The 282 cu in (unknown operator: u'strong' L) engine was produced by AMC's Mexican subsidiary VehiculosAutomotores Mexicanos (VAM) beginning in 1971 through 1986. This was similar to a 258 in stroke, cast with alarger 3.917 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm) bore, 0.16" larger than the 258, giving 281.7 cu in (unknownoperator: u'strong' cc).[11]

Output for 1971-73 models (gross):

• Horsepower 200 hp (unknown operator: u'strong' kW) @ 4400 rpm• Torque 280 lb·ft (unknown operator: u'strong' N·m) @ 2200 rpm•• Compression ratio 9.5:1Output for 1977-78 models (gross):

• Horsepower 200 hp (unknown operator: u'strong' kW) @ 4400 rpm• Torque 280 lb·ft (unknown operator: u'strong' N·m) @ 2200 rpm•• Compression ratio 8:1Output for 1979-81 Standard models (net):

• Horsepower 132 hp (unknown operator: u'strong' kW) @ 3800 rpm• Torque 216 lb·ft (unknown operator: u'strong' N·m) @ 2200 rpm•• Compression ratio 8:1Output for 1979 American 06-S and 1980-81 Rally GT models (net):

• Horsepower 172 hp (unknown operator: u'strong' kW) @ 4200 rpm• Torque 225 lb·ft (unknown operator: u'strong' N·m) @ 2600 rpm•• Compression ratio 8.5:1Output for 1982-83 models (net):

• Horsepower 129 hp (unknown operator: u'strong' kW) @ 4000 rpm• Torque 218 lb·ft (unknown operator: u'strong' N·m) @ 1800 rpm•• Compression ratio 8.5:1Engine dimensions:

• Intake valve diameter 2.020 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)• Exhaust valve diameter 1.6755 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)• Pushrod length 5.875 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)• Deck height 9.424 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)• Bore 3.917 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)• Stroke 3.895 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)Applications:• VAM Javelin from 1971 through 1973 (U.S. equivalent - AMC Javelin)• VAM Classic DPL from 1972 through 1976 (U.S. equivalent - AMC Matador Sedan)• VAM Classic Brougham in 1972 and from 1974 through 1976 (U.S. equivalent - 1972 AMC Matador hardtop and

AMC Matador Brougham coupe)• VAM Classic AMX from 1974 through 1976 (U.S. equivalent - AMC Matador X coupe)• VAM Pacer from 1976 through 1979 (U.S. equivalent - AMC Pacer coupe)• VAM Pacer X in 1979 only (U.S. equivalent - AMC Pacer X coupe)• VAM American Rally in 1976 and 1977 (U.S. equivalent - AMC Hornet X)• VAM American Rally AMX in 1978 and 1979 (U.S. equivalent - AMC Concord AMX hatchback)• VAM American GFS from 1977 through 1982 (U.S. equivalent - AMC Hornet DL two-door sedan plus AMC

Concord DL and Limited two-door sedans)

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AMC straight-6 engine 6

• VAM Camioneta American automática in 1977 and 1978 (U.S. equivalent - AMC Hornet DL wagon and AMCConcord DL wagon, both with automatic transmission)

• VAM Camioneta American DL from 1979 through 1983 (U.S. equivalent - AMC Concord DL and Limitedwagons)

• VAM American 06-S in 1979 only (AMC Concord two-door sedan, high-performance limited edition)• VAM American ECD from 1980 through 1982 (U.S. equivalent - AMC Concord DL and Limited four-door

sedans)• VAM Rally AMX from 1980 through 1983 (U.S. equivalent - AMC Spirit GT coupe, standard version)• VAM Rally GT in 1980 and 1981 (U.S. equivalent - AMC Spirit GT coupe, high-performance version)• VAM Rally SST in 1981 only (U.S. equivalent - AMC Spirit Limited coupe)• VAM Lerma in 1981 and 1982•• VAM Jeep Wagoneer from 1972 through 1983 (U.S. equivalent - AMC Jeep Wagoneer)•• Renault/VAM Jeep Grand Wagoneer from 1984 through 1986 (U.S. equivalent - Jeep Grand Wagoneer)

4.0

Engine bay of a 1993 Jeep Grand Cherokee with4.0 L

The 5 millionth Jeep 4.0 engine produced on the"Greenlee Block Line" dated June 15, 2001

The 242 cu in (unknown operator: u'strong' L) engine introduced in1987 was an evolution of the 258.[12] It had the same 3.895 in(unknown operator: u'strong' mm) bore as the 2.5 with a longer3.414 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm) stroke giving it adisplacement of 241.6 cu in (unknown operator: u'strong' cc).[13]

The 4.0 is one of AMC's best-known engines.[14] It was one of fourAMC engines kept in production when Chrysler bought AMC in 1987.Chrysler engineers continued to refine the engine to reduce noise,vibration, and harshness. The last in the line of the AMC inline sixes,the 4.0 is regarded as one of the best 4x4 off-road engines.[15] A MotorTrend long-term test of a 1997 Cherokee XJ noted "this long-livedOHV powerplant has a reputation for getting people where they needto go" as well as "much love expressed by owners for the torquey4.0-liter/190-horsepower inline six."[16] The engine is known forlongevity and to go more than 300000 miles (unknown operator:u'strong' km) without rebuilding.[17][18] There are many aftermarketparts available.[19]

When introduced, the block-mounted oil filter check valve waseliminated on the 4.0 (along with the 2.5) when Chrysler engineersstandardized their oil filters. The pre-1987 engines had an oil filteradapter with 3/4 and 13/16 threads (which used a GM oil filtercommon to Buick, Oldsmobile, Pontiac, and Cadillac V8 engines)while the 1987-06 engines were originally fitted with a 20 mm metricthread filter (later revised in 1991 for the common 3/4 threaded Moparand Ford V8 oil filter).The first 4.0 engines in 1987 had a RENIX (Renault/Bendix) enginemanagement system considered quite advanced for their time.[10] Aknock sensor allowed the ECU to control spark advance in response to fuel octane and engine load. Unfortunately,there are few scan tools capable of interfacing with the system to pull diagnostics codes. RENIX systems also haveno permanent memory for diagnostics codes thus making the diagnosis of intermittent problems more difficult.[20]

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AMC straight-6 engine 7

The 1987 RENIX 4.0 made 173 hp (unknown operator: u'strong' kW) and 220 lb·ft (unknown operator:u'strong' N·m). In 1988, the 4.0 received higher flowing fuel injectors, raising output to 177 hp (unknownoperator: u'strong' kW) and 224 lb·ft (unknown operator: u'strong' N·m)—more power than some configurationsof the Ford 302, Chevrolet 305, and Chrysler 318 8-cylinder engines, and more than any of the Japanese 6-cylindertruck engines, but with comparable or superior fuel economy.[21]

In 1991, a Chrysler fuel injection system replaced the RENIX system, and the intake ports were raised approximately.125 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm) for a better entry radius. Chrysler also enlarged the throttle body andredesigned the intake and exhaust manifolds for more efficiency, and the fuel injectors were once again replacedwith higher flowing units. Camshaft timing was also changed. The net result was an engine that made 190 hp(unknown operator: u'strong' kW) and 225 lb·ft (unknown operator: u'strong' N·m). Badging on most Jeepsequipped with this engine read "4.0 Litre HIGH OUTPUT." The new cam profile combined with altered computerprogramming eliminated the need for an EGR valve and knock sensor, but made the engine more sensitive toalterations, especially where emissions are concerned.Small changes were made to the cylinder head for the 1995 model year. In 1996, the engine block was redesigned forgreater strength. The new block had more webbing and a stud girdle for added rigidity of the crankshaft mainbearings. Engines installed in 1999 Grand Cherokees carried the PowerTech name, which had been usedintermittently in prior years and on other Chrysler truck and SUV engines. The name was subsequently passed on to4.0s in the other Jeep models that used the engine, the Cherokee and Wrangler. The cylinder head was again changedfor the 2000 model year to a more emissions-friendly design. This head was designated as "0331" in the castingnumber. Early 0331 heads are prone to cracking and causing coolant to contaminate the oil, which can eventuallylead to catastrophic engine failure. The head cracks right in the center between #3 and #4 cylinders. The crack isusually discernible with the valve cover removed as a "milky" tan line. This condition is usually discovered beforecatastrophic engine failure, but can lead to that if not corrected in a timely manner. The casting was fixed sometimein mid to late 2001, but the same casting number was retained. The "fixed" heads have "TUPY" cast in the centerwhere the cracks used to occur. [22] Also new for the 2000 model year, was the distributorless, coil on plug ignitionsystem.[23]

Output: 1987-90: 177 hp (unknown operator: u'strong' kW) at 4500 rpm with 224 lb·ft (unknown operator:u'strong' N·m) at 2500 rpm. 1991-95: 190 hp (unknown operator: u'strong' kW) at 4750 rpm with 225 lb·ft(unknown operator: u'strong' N·m) at 4000 rpm. 1996-01: 190 hp (unknown operator: u'strong' kW) at4600 rpm with 225 lb·ft (unknown operator: u'strong' N·m) at 3000 rpm. 2001-06: 190 hp (unknown operator:u'strong' kW) at 4600 rpm with 235 lb·ft (unknown operator: u'strong' N·m) at 3200 rpm. [24]

The 4.0 was discontinued at the end of the 2006 model year, replaced in the redesigned 2007 JK Jeep Wrangler byChrysler's 3.8 L OHV V6 which originated in the company's minivans. The 4.0 engine was also made in China,where a slightly modified version of the XJ Jeep Cherokee with 2.5 and 4.0 engines were produced alongside theChinese-produced WJ Grand Cherokee since 2006.This engine was used in the following vehicles:• 1987–2001 Jeep Cherokee• 1993–2004 Jeep Grand Cherokee• 1987–1990 Jeep Wagoneer• 1987–1992 Jeep Comanche• 1991–2006 Jeep Wrangler

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ford_Windsor_enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chevrolet_Small-Block_enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chrysler_LA_enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Throttle_bodyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jeep_Wranglerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chrysler_3.3_engine%233.8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jeep_Cherokee_%28XJ%29%23XJ_in_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jeep_Cherokee_%28XJ%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jeep_Grand_Cherokeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jeep_Wagoneerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jeep_Comanchehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jeep_Wrangler

AMC straight-6 engine 8

Connecting Rod lengths1964-1970:

• 199 CID (3.3 L) - 6.125 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)• 232 CID (3.8 L) - 5.875 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)• 252 CID (4.1 L) - 5.875 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)1971–2006:• 232 CID (3.8 L) - 6.125 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)• 242 CID (4.0 L) - 6.125 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)• 258 CID (4.2 L) - 5.875 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)• 282 CID (4.6 L) - 5.875 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)• The displacement differs between 1990 and 1995 and 1996–2006 4.0L engines by 2 cubic inches. Both had a bore

of 3.88 in (unknown operator: u'strong' mm), while the stroke decreased slightly from 3.44 inches (unknownoperator: u'strong' mm) on the earlier engine to 3.41 inches (unknown operator: u'strong' mm) on 1996 andlater engines. The displacement of both engines still rounds to 4.0 litres (3999.83 cc v. 3964.95 cc). The smallstroke change (0.03"/0.77mm) was accomplished by moving the piston pin and changing the crankshaft stroke,rods are the same.

The deck height of the AMC six cylinder block was increased by 0.125 inches (unknown operator: u'strong' mm)(half the rod length difference) in 1971 to allow for the longer stroke required for the 258. Only two deck heights.Tall deck is 9.528-9.534". Short should be 9.278-9.284". Tall is from a 74-76 AMC factory service manuals, prior to1974 deck height was not printed. Deck height changed slightly over the years 1977-1982 service manuals state9.487-9.493", the 1993 Jeep factory manual states 9.429-9.435". Deck heights may have changed to accommodateslightly different compression ratios over the years.[25]

The 1971 and older blocks use a "small" bell housing bolt pattern that is exclusive to AMC and small Nash sixes. In1972 the bell housing bolt pattern was changed to match the AMC V8's. The 1971 258 uses the "small" pattern, theonly year 258 to do so.

References[1][1] 1950-1965 Nash/AMC Technical Service Manuals[2] Potter, David V. (June 1964). The new Rambler six engine: torque command 232 (SAE 884B). Society of Automative Engineers.[3] Corporation, Bonnier (June 1964). "Rambler blows in with Typhoon" (http:/ / books. google. com/ ?id=rC0DAAAAMBAJ& pg=PA66&

dq=Rambler+ Typhoon). Popular Science 184 (6): 66. . Retrieved 26 November 2010.[4] Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (15 June 2007). "How Rambler Cars Work: 1963, 1964 Rambler Cars" (http:/ / auto. howstuffworks. com/

rambler-cars3. htm). auto.howstuffworks.com. . Retrieved 22 June 2010.[5] "The 1965 Cars". Consumer Reports 30: 198.[6] Chilton's Automotives Editorial (1987). Chilton's Auto Repair Manual 1982. Chilton Book Company. ISBN 978-0-8019-7052-8.[7] mhaas (17 January 2006). "1964-65 American" (http:/ / www. amcyclopedia. org/ node/ 16). amcyclopedia.org. Archived (http:/ / web.

archive. org/ web/ 20101204032102/ http:/ / www. amcyclopedia. org/ node/ 16) from the original on 4 December 2010. . Retrieved 11December 2010.

[8] Dunne, Jim (October 1975). "How American Motors does it" (http:/ / books. google. com/ books?id=LQEAAAAAMBAJ& pg=PA117&dq=AMC+ 232+ six). Popular Science 207 (4): 117. . Retrieved 12 December 2010.

[9] Lamm, Michael (November 1976). "Old cars never die ... they show up in foreign" (http:/ / books. google. com/books?id=ouIDAAAAMBAJ& pg=PA160& dq=Jeep+ 232+ engine). Popular Mechanics 146 (5): 160. . Retrieved 12 December 2010.

[10] "AMC 258 I6" (http:/ / www. offroaders. com/ tech/ jeep/ engine-factory-amc258i6. htm). offroaders. . Retrieved 26 November 2010.[11] Thomas. "Mexican AMC 6 Cyl. Engine Info" (http:/ / membres. multimania. fr/ pacer/ mexeng. htm). . Retrieved 26 November 2010.[12] Tellem, Tori (April 2006). "Jeeps Kick Ass Engine - The History Of The 4.0L" (http:/ / www. jpmagazine. com/ techarticles/ engine/

154_0604_jeeps_kick_ass_engine_history_4_liter/ index. html). Jp Magazine. . Retrieved 24 April 2011.[13] "XJ 4.0 L". Service Manual 2000 Jeep Cherokee. DiamlerChrysler. 2000. p. 115. "bore x stroke = 3.875 x 3.414 inches"[14] Allen, Jim (2003). Jeep: Collector's Library. MBI Publishing. p. 178. ISBN 978-0-7603-1486-9.[15] Worthy, Willie (January 2009). "Jeep Motors History - Willies Workbench: Jeep Engines De-Mystified" (http:/ / www. fourwheeler. com/

techarticles/ willies/ 129_0901_jeep_motors_history/ index. html). Four Wheeler, Magazine. . Retrieved 26 November 2010.

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Engine_displacementhttp://books.google.com/?id=rC0DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA66&dq=Rambler+Typhoonhttp://books.google.com/?id=rC0DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA66&dq=Rambler+Typhoonhttp://auto.howstuffworks.com/rambler-cars3.htmhttp://auto.howstuffworks.com/rambler-cars3.htmhttp://www.amcyclopedia.org/node/16http://web.archive.org/web/20101204032102/http://www.amcyclopedia.org/node/16http://web.archive.org/web/20101204032102/http://www.amcyclopedia.org/node/16http://books.google.com/books?id=LQEAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA117&dq=AMC+232+sixhttp://books.google.com/books?id=LQEAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA117&dq=AMC+232+sixhttp://books.google.com/books?id=ouIDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA160&dq=Jeep+232+enginehttp://books.google.com/books?id=ouIDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA160&dq=Jeep+232+enginehttp://www.offroaders.com/tech/jeep/engine-factory-amc258i6.htmhttp://membres.multimania.fr/pacer/mexeng.htmhttp://www.jpmagazine.com/techarticles/engine/154_0604_jeeps_kick_ass_engine_history_4_liter/index.htmlhttp://www.jpmagazine.com/techarticles/engine/154_0604_jeeps_kick_ass_engine_history_4_liter/index.htmlhttp://www.fourwheeler.com/techarticles/willies/129_0901_jeep_motors_history/index.htmlhttp://www.fourwheeler.com/techarticles/willies/129_0901_jeep_motors_history/index.html

AMC straight-6 engine 9

[16] Bartlett, Jeff; Lorentzen, Randy (March 1999). "Road Test: '97 Jeep Cherokee - Long-Term Wrap-Up" (http:/ / www. motortrend. com/roadtests/ suv/ 112_9903_1997_jeep_cherokee/ viewall. html). Motor Trend. . Retrieved 24 May 2012.

[17] "cherokee longevity" (http:/ / www. cherokeeforum. com/ showthread. php?t=17463). JeepCherokeeForum.com. . Retrieved 24 May 2012.[18] "Longevity Questions. 4.0 WJ owners, how many miles?" (http:/ / www. jeepsunlimited. com/ forums/ showthread. php?t=545421). Jeeps

Unlimited. . Retrieved 24 May 2012.[19] "Jeep Performance Parts and Products" (http:/ / www. rustysoffroad. com/ jeep-performance-parts-products/ ). http:/ / www. rustysoffroad.

com. .[20] Stern, Peter. "The Jeep 4.0 liter PowerTech Straight-Six Engine" (http:/ / www. allpar. com/ mopar/ 40. html). allpar.com. . Retrieved 26

November 2010.[21] "The Jeep 4.0 liter PowerTech Straight-Six Engine" (http:/ / www. allpar. com/ mopar/ 40. html). Allpar.com. . Retrieved 26 November

2010.[22] "'00-'01 XJ Cracked Cylinder Head (OVERVIEW)" (http:/ / www. cherokeeforum. com/ f2/

00-01-xj-cracked-cylinder-head-overview-118922/ ). http:/ / www. cherokeeforum. com. .[23] "Pre-EFI Jeep Inline Six-Cylinder Ignition Upgrades" (http:/ / 4wdmechanix. com/ pdf-downloads/ Jeep Ignition Upgrades for Pre-EFI. pdf).

http:/ / 4wdmechanix. com. .[24] "Used Jeep Models" (http:/ / www. edmunds. com/ jeep/ ?ps=used). http:/ / www. edmunds. com. .[25] 1974 ANC Technical Service Manual. Group 1A, Six-Cylinder Engines: American Motors Corp.. 1974. pp. 1A–31.

External links• Allpar's 4.0 page (http:/ / allpar. com/ mopar/ 40. html)• AMC Rambler Club (http:/ / amcrc. com/ ) -- Club for 1958 - 1969 AMCs• American Motors Owners (http:/ / www. amonational. com/ ) -- Club for 1958 - 1987 AMCs

http://www.motortrend.com/roadtests/suv/112_9903_1997_jeep_cherokee/viewall.htmlhttp://www.motortrend.com/roadtests/suv/112_9903_1997_jeep_cherokee/viewall.htmlhttp://www.cherokeeforum.com/showthread.php?t=17463http://www.jeepsunlimited.com/forums/showthread.php?t=545421http://www.rustysoffroad.com/jeep-performance-parts-products/http://www.rustysoffroad.comhttp://www.rustysoffroad.comhttp://www.allpar.com/mopar/40.htmlhttp://www.allpar.com/mopar/40.htmlhttp://www.cherokeeforum.com/f2/00-01-xj-cracked-cylinder-head-overview-118922/http://www.cherokeeforum.com/f2/00-01-xj-cracked-cylinder-head-overview-118922/http://www.cherokeeforum.comhttp://4wdmechanix.com/pdf-downloads/Jeep%20Ignition%20Upgrades%20for%20Pre-EFI.pdfhttp://4wdmechanix.comhttp://www.edmunds.com/jeep/?ps=usedhttp://www.edmunds.comhttp://allpar.com/mopar/40.htmlhttp://amcrc.com/http://www.amonational.com/

Article Sources and Contributors 10

Article Sources and ContributorsAMC straight-6 engine  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=503947390  Contributors: 93JC, AMCKen, Ammachine390, ApolloBoy, BabbaQ, Bem47, Bobblewik, Brain Rodeo,Brossow, CZmarlin, Cdmat, Chris the speller, Dan3k5, DoctorRobert, Farna, Fleminra, Fugitoid returns, Gaius Cornelius, Gzuckier, HuntClubJoe, Ian Pitchford, Jmrowland, JonathanDP81,Jz78817, Lavenderbunny, Lightmouse, MJCdetroit, Magus732, Mindmatrix, Morven, Mr.choppers, Mrand, Nick Number, Oilpanhands, OldsVistaCruiser, Philg88, Poly318, R'n'B, Rhettro76,Richboyd, Rjwilmsi, Saga City, Scheinwerfermann, Sfoskett, Slant6guy, TechPurism, Tom.jennings, Trekphiler, TruckMatt, Tuor, Typ932, VMS Mosaic,WHATaintNOcountryIeverHEARDofDOtheySPEAKenglishINwhat, Wikiuser100, 105 anonymous edits

Image Sources, Licenses and ContributorsFile:1968 Rambler American wagon-engine-MDshow.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:1968_Rambler_American_wagon-engine-MDshow.jpg  License: PublicDomain  Contributors: Christopher ZiemnowiczFile:1966 Rambler Classic 770 conv six white FS-m.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:1966_Rambler_Classic_770_conv_six_white_FS-m.jpg  License: PublicDomain  Contributors: CZmarlinFile:1975 AMC Hornet 232 I6 engine.JPG  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:1975_AMC_Hornet_232_I6_engine.JPG  License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike2.5  Contributors: Nynexman4464File:1980 AMC AMX engine bay 258 I6 CZ.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:1980_AMC_AMX_engine_bay_258_I6_CZ.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors:Christopher ZiemnowiczFile:1993 Jeep Grand Cherokee 4-liter engine.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:1993_Jeep_Grand_Cherokee_4-liter_engine.jpg  License: Public Domain Contributors: Bull-Doser, CZmarlin, MB-oneFile:Jeep 5 millionth 4.0 engine r.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Jeep_5_millionth_4.0_engine_r.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: CZmarlin —Christopher Ziemnowicz, releases all rights but a photo credit would be appreciated if this image is used anywhere other than Wikipedia. Please leave a note at Wikipedia here. Thank you!

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AMC straight-6 engine195.6The modern era I-61992322522582824.0Connecting Rod lengths

ReferencesExternal links

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