Ambedkar_ Universal as the Sun _ Navayana

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  • 6/15/2015 Ambedkar:UniversalastheSun|Navayana

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    S.AnandGoodeveningandwelcomeeverybody.JaiBhim!thissaluteistotheAmbedkaritemovementwhatLalSalamistocomrades,andwhatAzadiistoKashmiris,whattheBlackPowersaluteistocivilrights.ThoughwechoseadatethatwasavailableatIndiaHabitatCentre,IamgladthisbookisbeingdiscussedonadaythathappenstobeKanshiRamsbirthday.B.R.AmbedkarwecanallseehimonthestageloomsonusliketheSun.Forthepast15minutesyouheardhisvoicefroma1955BBCinterviewwherehedenouncesGandhiandhismanufacturedMahatmastatus.AsadZaidiisadearfriend,publisherofThreeEssaysPress,andpoetofrenowninHindi.HeimmediatelyagreedtobepartofthisconversationwithArundhatiRoy.Imthankfultohim.ArundhatiandIhavetravelledalongwayourfirstconversation,in2003,wasoverAmbedkar,andwhyshehadnotreadhim.SincethenwehavecomealongwayandthiseditionofAnnihilationofCastebearstestimonytothat.Someintenseconversationshavebeenhappeningaroundthisbookfornearlyeightyyearsthiseveningwewillbemerelycontinuingthatconversation.LetmebeginwithwhatAmbedkarsaysinAoC:CasteisnodoubtprimarilythebreathoftheHindus.ButtheHindushavefouledtheairallover.Inmyreckoning,theairinthisHabitatCentre,too,isfouledbycastebreathingpeople.In1936,whentheHindureformistgroup,theJatPatTodakMandalofLahore(ForumforBreakupofCaste)invitedDrBhimraoRamjiAmbedkartodeliveritsannuallecture,itaskedforandreceivedthetextofthespeechinadvance.Itfoundthecontentsunbearable.AmbedkarhasanticipatedthisforhebeginshisundeliveredspeechwithaninjunctionfromtheManusmriti:VarnanamBrahmanoGuruAmongvarnas,theBrahmanistheteacher/preceptor.AnUntouchable,howeverqualified,beingaskedtopresideoveraconferenceofcasteHindusin1936was,asAmbedkarhimselfpointsout,anactofgreatdaring.For,asAmbedkarsays:

    IhavequestionedtheauthorityoftheMahatmawhomtheyrevere.Theyhateme.TothemIamasnakeintheirgarden.TheMandalwillnodoubtbeaskedbythepoliticallymindedHindustoexplainwhyithascalledmetofillthisplaceofhonourIshallnotbesurprisedifsomepoliticalHindusregarditasaninsult.

    TodaypoliticallymindedDalits,atleastasectionofthem,haveregardedthisactofNavayana,runbyapersonbornintothebrahminvarnaannotatingit,andgettingawriterofthediligenceandintelligenceofArundhatiRoytowritetheintroductionasahistoricalreversalofthatinsult.Thisisasitshouldbe.AmbedkarsutterancesinthisundeliveredspeecharedeeplydisturbingperhapsevenmoresoforaDalit.Iquote:

    TheMandalknowsbestthereasonswhichledittotraveltoBombaytoselectapresident,tofixuponamansorepugnanttotheHindus,andtodescendsolowinthescaleastoselectanantyajaanUntouchabletoaddressanaudienceofthesavarnas.Asformyself,youwillallowmetosaythatIhaveacceptedtheinvitationmuchagainstmywill,andalsoagainstthewillofmanyofmyfellowUntouchables.IknowthattheHindusaresickofme.IknowthatIamnotapersonagratawiththem.Knowingallthis,Ihavedeliberatelykeptmyselfawayfromthem.Ihavenodesiretoinflictmyselfuponthem.Ihavebeengivingexpressiontomyviewsfrommyownplatform.

    Ifthisisthepainfulstoryoftheoriginofatextthatisamongthemostradicalandimportanttextseverwritteninthissubcontinent,thensurelythosewhoaretodaysayingthisgestureofabrahminannotatingthetextandanonDalitintroducingittotakeittoawideraudienceareactsthatneedtobeviewedwithsuspicion,andevencontempt.WouldsuchanaudiencehaveturneduptodayhadthisbeenanentirelyDalitrunDalitledenterprise?WouldCaravanandOutlookgivesomuchspaceforaDalittospeak?Thesearequestionsthatwecannotduck.Butthen,thesearetheveryquestionsofrepresentationandprivilegequestionsofstructureandpower,ofentitlementthattheeditionofthebook

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  • 6/15/2015 Ambedkar:UniversalastheSun|Navayana

    http://navayana.org/blog/2014/03/16/ambedkaruniversalasthesun/ 2/3

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    wearediscussingtodayisallabout.Freedomofexpressionisnotanabsolutevalue.Somehavemoreofit,somehavenoneofit.ThereforequestionsbeingaskedbyasectionofDalitsaboutthiseditioncannotbedismissedasidentitypolitics.ItisjustlikewhattherighttovotewasforAmbedkar:hewantedtoaugmentthevalueofDalitsbyensuringthemadoublevoteandyouwillfindinthiseditionofAoConeofthefinestdefencesofthedoublevote.Yes,therearehundredofeditionsofAoCandtheyarefreelyavailableonthenet.Yet,theprivilegedcasteshavehadtheprivilegetoignorethistexttheyhavehadtheprivilegetojettisonanyseriousdialogueonAmbedkarsradicalideascarriedforwardbytheDalitmovementsofIndiaforoversixtyyears.Whileamajorityoftheprivilegedcastesareblissfullyignorantofitsexistence,AnnihilationofCastehasbeenprintedandreprintedlikemostofAmbedkarslargeoeuvrebysmall,mostlyDalitownedpresses,andreadbymostlyDalitreadersoversevendecades.ItnowhasthecuriousdistinctionofbeingoneofthemostobscureaswelloneofthemostwidelyreadbooksinIndia.Thisinitselfilluminatestheirongridofthecastesystem.PunithaPandian,editorofDalitMurasu,aTamilmonthlyofoverfifteenyearsstanding,onseeingtheNavayanaeditionofAoCwrotetome,sayingsince2007,DalitMurasuhadpublished17,000copiesofAoCinTamil.Heendedhislettersaying,ButtheresnotasingledebateinTamilNadusofar.Imgladyoumadeanationaldebateinasingleday.However,assomeoneaskedonFB:PatanahibookfairsmeinSamyakPrakashanyaGautamBookCentrekestallkeandaryehlogkabhigaye?ThisquestionisposedtothekindofreadershipthiseditionofAoCostensiblyseekstothepeoplegatheredheretoday.Toaddtothisquestion:dowekeepAmbedkarconfinedtoSamyak,GautamandDalitMurasuandthousandsofsuchDalitplatforms?Arelatedandimportantquestiontobeaskedis:whatisitthatwedowithprivilege?Sharpenitintoaweaponandwielditagainsttheverybanyantreeofbrahminismthatentanglesuswithitsrootsintheair?Orshouldwejustenjoytheshadedcomfortofthistree?Ibelieveitistheformerthatthiseditionofthebookattempts.Navayanahasbeenanattempttocreateaplatformtoengagethosesmugaboutcasteprivilegetointerrogatethatprivilege.Navayanais,inmyview,anecessaryhistoricalmistake.Itwillpass.Butfornow,itwillstay.ThisannotatededitionofAoCcomesinaseriesofbooksthatNavayanahasdoneoverthelasttenyears:byBhagwanDas,NamdeoDhasal,SharmilaRege,NamdeoNimgade,N.DRajkumar,KanchIlaiah,AjayNavaria,MeenaKandasamy,PremanandGajvee,GailOmvedt,K.Balagopal,Siddalingaiah,GoguShyamala,DurgabaiVyam,AnandTeltumbdeandmanymore.IfAmbedkaristhewriterImostadmireamongthosedead,ArundhatiRoyisoneofthewritersImostadmireamongthoseliving.Andinthiseditionofthebook,Ihavemanagedtosandwichmyselfbetweenbothofthem.Thatsmyprivilegeandhonour.WhileIunderstandtheanxietyandpoliticsoverwhogetstointroduceorannotateAmbedkar,IdostronglybelieveAmbedkarbelongstoall.Afterall,annihilationofcasteissomethingthosewhohavecastehavetoundertakethecasteHindus,Touchables,asAmbedkarcalledthem.AndIbelieve,AmbedkarisliketheSunheisasuniversalastheSun.HeilluminesthelivesofDalitsasmuchasheilluminesthelivesofnonDalitswhethermostnonDalitslikeitornot,whethermostDalitslikeitornot.HeistheSunthat,asNamdeoDhasalwritesinhispowerfulOdetoDrAmbedkarin1972,movesonlyfromonefreedomtothenext.AnnihilationofCasteisAmbedkarscallforrebirthandregenerationinthislife.Hiswasacalltodestroysomethinguglyinthosewhopracticecastesothattheymayhaveasenseofthegenuinebeautyofthehumanitynestingineachperson.ToturntoDhasalagain,Everyoneis,asamatteroffact,ascompleteastheSun.SpeakingtoaDalitaudiencein1942,Ambedkarsaid:Thebattletomeisamatterofjoy.Thebattleisinthefullestsensespiritual.Thereisnothingmaterialorsocialinit.Foroursisabattlenotforwealthorforpower.Itisabattleforfreedom.Itisabattleforthereclamationofhumanpersonality.YoucanapplythisanywheretothestrugglesofRomasinHungary,inKashmir,inManipur,ortotheLGBTstruggleagainst377.Ambedkargenuinelywantedtheprivilegedcastes,too,togetintouchwiththeirhumanpersonality,whichissmotheredbycaste.AmbedkarwasandasectionofDalitstodayisdeeplyscepticalofsuchapossibilityIrespectthatscepticism.ItisfortheHindusandeveryonewhopractisescastetomakeabelatedefforttoprovethemwrong.Itistimetoridtheairofthefoulnessofcaste.(ThisisthewrittenversionofAnandsopeningspeechattheDelhilaunchofAoCon15March2014.)

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  • 6/15/2015 Ambedkar:UniversalastheSun|Navayana

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    NavayanaPublishingPvtLtd,2013.Allrightsreserved.


Appendix 4 - Navayana Publishing

Appendix 4 - Navayana Publishing

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