Ambassador Hans Wesseling

Civil-Military Interface Advisor (CIVAD)

Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe

The Comprehensive Approach Today and in the Future

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USS Montana

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21st Century Security Challenges

“We have too many walls in the world of

security. We need more bridges.”

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Strategic Surprise

Russia/Georgia Conflict – 2008

The ‘Arab Spring’

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The Comprehensive Approach

Conflicts can no longer be

adequately dealt with by military

force aloneNATO UNCLASSIFIED

Causes of instability and conflict are also Human

Development issues

The World Bank Report

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SOLUTIONS

Security

Justice

Jobs

CAUSES

Insecurity

Non-Inclusion

Corruption

The Comprehensive Approach

The Comprehensive Approach is above all a mindset with which we address a crisis or conflict. It serves us

to understand the environment in which we operate

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The Lisbon Summit Declaration

“To improve NATO’s contribution to a Comprehensive Approach and its ability to

contribute, when required, to stabilisation and reconstruction, we have agreed to form an

appropriate but modest civilian capability to interface more effectively with other actors.”

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Mandate for Change: Strategic Concept 2010

“A comprehensive political, civilian and military approach is necessary for effective crises management. The Alliance will

engage actively with other international actors before, during and after crises to encourage collaborative analysis,

planning and conduct of activities.”

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“NATO will actively employ an appropriate mix of those political and military tools to

help manage developing crises that have the potential to affect Alliance security, before

they escalate into conflicts; to stop ongoing conflicts where they affect Alliance security

and to help consolidate stability in post-conflict situations where that contributes to

Euro-Atlantic security.”

Mandate for Change: SACEUR’s Intent

Comprehensive Crisis and Operations Management Centre

“The CCOMC is the cornerstone of our effort to “Operationalize

Lisbon” in accordance with HOSG direction. I am convinced that the

CCOMC is an organization that will strengthen my command ability to

think plan and act strategically effectively and efficiently across the

crisis and operations spectrum (Article 4 and Article 5) in support of the security and defence decisions

of Nations.” CCOMC Concept Paper 10 Nov 11.

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Outcome of Change: SHAPE CCOM Process

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NATO CrisisManagement Process(NCMP)

SHAPE ComprehensiveCrisis andOperations Management(SHAPE CCOM)

Indications &Warning

AssessmentResponseOptionsDevelopment

Planning Execution Transition

Scanning Fused Options Direction Command and Control ReviewComprehensiveUnderstanding

- Initial Estimation- Prudent Thinking

- Prudent Activities- Strategic ROs

-Strategic Directives- Plans

- Strategic C2- Ops Assessment

- Transition Management

- Stakeholder Feedback- Critique- Shared learning/LI/LL- Op Assessment

-Crisis Scanningof Strategic Spaces-Initial Situational Awareness

Crisis Review Group(CRG)

Crisis IdentificationGroup (CIG)

Current Operations Group(COG)

Response Direction Group (RDG)

Estimation and Options Group(EOG)

NEW CRISIS

INTRA OPS CRISIS

07

Outcome of Change: the CCOMC Cloud

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Reso

urces

Info

rmat

ion

Crisis Identification Group(CIG)

Crisis Review Group(CRG)

Current Operations Group(COG)

Response Direction Group (RDG)

Estimation and Options Group (EOG)

SPECIAL STAFF(INTAF, LEGAD,

STRATCOM)

DIRECTOR OF MANAGEMENT(KNOWLEDGE MGMT)

DCOS OPS(J2, J3, J9)

DCOS PLANS(J5, J7)

DCOS RESOURCES(J1, J4, J8,JENG, JMED)

DCOS CIS(J6, CYBER, NCISG)

DCOS MPD(PARTNERS)LIAISON

OFFICERS

NATO HQ(IS, IMS)

NATO ORGANIZATIONS(ACT, AGENCIES, COEs)

SUBORDINATE HEADQUARTERS

(JFCs, MC, AC, LC)

NATIONS(NATO & TCNS)

ACADEMIA& MEDIA

IGOsNGOs

CRISIS & OPERATIONS PANEL(COP)

STRAT MGMT BOARD(SMB)

&

08

SHAPE’s Task

The three essential aspects of a Comprehensive Approach are:

1. Improving the application of the Alliance’s own crisis management instruments.

2. Improving the Alliance’s practical cooperation at all levels with partners, the UN and other relevant International Organisations, Non-Governmental Organisations and local actors in the planning and conduct of operations.

3. Enhancing NATO’s ability to bring military support to stabilisation activities and reconstruction efforts in all phases of a conflict.

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Comprehensive Approach to Crisis ManagementComprehensive Approach to Crisis Management

OSCE

NATO National Reps

Partners

IntelFusion

Current Ops

Civ-EmerPlanningNATONATO

IS/IMSEADRCC

Terrorist ThreatIntelligence Unit

COE:CYBER

COE: Defense Against Terrorism

OtherCOE

COE: ENERGY

NATO WMDCenter

NGO

EUGO

UNIO

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Identification & MonitoringIdentification & Monitoring

ResponseOptions

ResponseOptions

Coordinated Action

Coordinated Action

MonitoringMonitoringStabilisationStabilisation

The Berlin Plus Arrangements

The Berlin Plus arrangements provide the basis for NATO-EU cooperation in crises by allowing the EU to have access to NATO assets including:

1. Access to NATO planning

2. A NATO European command option

3. Use of NATO capabilities

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NATO-EU: A Strategic Partnership

NATO will:• Fully strengthen the strategic partnership with the EU• Enhance cooperation• Broaden political consultations• Cooperate in capability development

NATO and the EU can and should play complementary

and mutually reinforcing roles in supporting

international peace and security

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Some points to consider

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Is it enough to have: 1. some common goals?2. a broad code of conduct?

How closely must we really interact?

Spectrum of Civil-Military Interaction

INTEGRATE

PARTNER/EMBED

COLLABORATE

COOPERATE

COORDINATE

DECONFLICT

DIALOGUE/DISCUSS

AVOID/IGNORE

COMPETE

Different forms of

interaction

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Future of the Comprehensive Approach

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QUESTIONS?