The Amahoro Project 

Education for development and to combat ethnic prejudice in the Great Lakes region

Contents

CONTENTS..........................................................................................................................1

PROJECT SUMMARY.........................................................................................................1

DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ....................................................................................3

1. Framework and context of the project.........................................................................................................................3

2. Implementation of the project.......................................................................................................................................7

3. Calendar of activities....................................................................................................................................................13

4. Expected results, evaluation and follow-up of the project........................................................................................14

5. Detailed budget of the project ....................................................................................................................................16

APPENDIX.........................................................................................................................18

1. Map of the sub-region..................................................................................................................................................18

2. The host country and the site of the rally...................................................................................................................19

PROJECT SUMMARY1. Identification

Name of the project: "AMAHORO PROJECT" Training of community mediators in the Great Lakes region

Project performed by (organiser): Partnership of Scouts of the Great Lakes (PSGL)

Period: September 2005 – September 2007

Location: Sub-region of the Great Lakes (Burundi - Rwanda - East of the DR Congo)

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2. Summary 

This project is a real contribution by 420 young men and women, aged from 15 to 25, to the fight against ethnic prejudice, which underlies all the forms of violence that have disrupted peace in the three countries of the African Great Lakes for more than a decade.

In order to put this noble dream into practise, these young people will be undertaking a community-mediation mission, committing themselves for two years and more to practical activities, in particular:

organising public awareness campaigns in schools and other public places on the themes of peaceful cohabitation and the fight against ethnic prejudice, using appropriate methods;

establishing peace and reconciliation clubs for young people from different ethnic backgrounds;

organising regular peace and reconciliation days within the communities concerned;

active participation by delegates from the peace and reconciliation clubs in village or neighbourhood councils.

3. Total cost of the project:

€274,381 over two years

4. Persons in charge of the Project

Legal representative: the President of the Coordination Committee of the PSGL

Operations manager: Gilbert Mussumba, sub-regional Executive Secretary

Technical support: African Regional Bureau of Scouting

5. Contact

Partnership of Scouts of the Great Lakes

B.P. 550 Bujumbura / Burundi

Tel.: +257 23 69 48 or 22 64 41

Fax: +257 21 46 74

E-mail: csgl@usan-bu.net

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DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

1. Framework and context of the project

1.1. Background

The Great Lakes Region and ethnic conflict

The modern world is characterised by a wave of violence and conflict that is breaking over a great number of countries, particularly in Africa. Inter-ethnic conflicts, the explosion of xenophobia, strategic and economic rivalries, crises of governance, power struggles, armed violence etc. all spread death in these troubled countries, and in most cases result in humanitarian disasters. Some obvious examples are the Rwandan genocide, the Darfur crisis in Sudan, the crisis in Yugoslavia, the war in Iraq and the rebellion in Colombia.

In conflict situations such as these, the lives of many children and young people are profoundly affected both socially and economically due to permanent insecurity and instability. These children and young people are not only the worst affected, but also the most actively involved in this violence.

In the Great Lakes, children and young people, who constitute around 60% of the population, are among the first victims of the suffering caused by all this violence. Many of them are also the architects of the violence, manipulated by adults, who exploit their immaturity to foster intolerance. They are incited to take up arms against the Government because it is headed by someone who is not from their ethnic group or region; they are the ones who, without conscience, kill, pillage, rape and massacre entire villages of the other ethnic group or tribe, etc.

For more than 10 years, the sub-region of the Great Lakes has undergone a long and severe crisis of this type. The genocide in Rwanda, the civil war in Burundi, the war in the Democratic Republic of Congo, have erected walls between people from neighbouring countries, from one and the same country, from one and the same tribe and from one and the same family.

However, thanks to international pressure and the willingness and determination of groups who are tired of this cycle of violence, here and there signs of a return to peace can be seen. Electoral procedures are underway in Burundi and in the D.R. of Congo, the desire for negotiation between the Rwandan rebels of the FDLR and the Government has become more pressing, etc. However, the return to peace will be precarious if the causes of the violence are not eradicated, particularly the prejudice that is currently well anchored within the various social strata of the countries of the sub-region. Indeed, politicians exploit this prejudice to remain in power. Parents incite their children against the children of others, encouraging prejudice and stereotypes. The wars between these countries have developed a chauvinistic mentality among the population.

These young people, though actively involved in the violence, can also become a precious resource for promoting lasting peace in the region, if we commit to involving them positively in the peace process. The national scouting organisations of these countries have understood this and, in 1996, initiated a sub-regional movement with the aim of including the themes of a culture of peace and peaceful management of conflicts in their programme of education for young people. These national organisations have developed productive experiences, varying from one country to the next depending on the nature of the crisis. Determined to work for a lasting peace, t this sub-regional movement aims to use its "Partnership of Scouts of the Great Lakes" programme to bring together huge numbers of young scouts and non-scouts in the fight against ethnic prejudice within the various communities of the countries of the Great Lakes.

Location of the project and geographical areas of intervention by mediators

In Burundi

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o Rural Bujumbura

o Bururi

o Makamba

o Rutana

o Cyakuzo

o Muyinga

o Gitega

o Municipality of Bujumbura and Cibitoke

These are provinces that have been occupied by armed groups of rebels or which host refugee camps for people displaced by war, or which include sites where victims of the civil war in Burundi were massacred.

In D.R. Congo

o North Kivu (Beni, Lubero, Kanyabayonga, Masisi and Goma)

o South Kivu (Uvira, Walungu, Kalehe, Fizi, Mwenga, Bukavu)

These territories are in turmoil, occupied by mai-mai, banyamulenge, interahamwe rebel groups and other armed factions of the FDLR in Rwanda. These areas have witnessed severe inter-ethnic or tribal violence. Finally, the towns concerned have played host to Rwandan refugees and people displaced by war.

As the D.R. Congo is a country of continental size, only the provinces of Kivu are affected by this project, in that their inhabitants have many cultural similarities with their neighbours in Rwanda and Burundi.

In Rwanda 

o Kibungo

o Umutara

o Ruhengeri

o Gisenyi

o Gikongoro

o Cyangugu

o Butare

o Kigali

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These are provinces whose populations are currently fleeing to take refuge in Burundi and Uganda. They are also considered to be centres of tension, or harbour the major sites of the Rwandan genocide.

1.2. Experience gained by the PSGL

The Partnership of Scouts of the Great Lakes (PSGL)

Faced with this severe situation of crisis in the sub-region, the national scouting Associations, which since 1996 have been organised into a sub-regional movement called the "Partnership of Scouts of the Great Lakes" (PSGL), have committed themselves more strongly to restoring peace. They have included in their Youth Programme special educational activities to promote peace and non-violence, positive values, and the peaceful management and resolution of conflicts.

The activities they have developed (both jointly and individually) are directed by the sub-regional Executive Secretariat, in the first case, and by the member Organisations, in the second. The member organisations are the scout Associations of Rwanda, Burundi, and of North and South Kivu in the East of the D.R. Congo. An example of one of the PSGL’s joint activities was the 1st sub-regional1 scout jamboree of the Great Lakes region.

On the individual level, the PSGL has carried out concrete actions in education and peace promotion, particularly sub-regional peace events and a sub-regional jamboree on the theme of "Together towards lasting peace and development". With the aim of promoting a culture of peace and democracy, the PSGL is also working in synergy with national and international organisations, both scout and non-scout. For example, it held workshops on peace at the worldwide Jamboree in Chile and at the International Assembly held at Yamoussoukro in Côte d’Ivoire. It also coordinated the international workshops organised in the "Peace Area" of the World Development Village at the world scout jamboree in Thailand. It is currently carrying out a project to boost the capacities for peace education of young people’s associations and organisations.

Using its sub-regional and international experience, it now aims to organise this "Amahoro" Project to train community mediators in the Great Lakes.

Young people and community development

The PSGL peace education project has taken firm root in the scouting Associations of the Great Lakes. Several scout groups have been twinned with other groups from the same country or from neighbouring countries. In various places, a large number of peace and development activities are taking place, organised by the PSGL for the young members of these scout groups. The scouts participate willingly and enthusiastically in these activities, performing good deeds and services to the community such as: clean-up operations in towns, the restoration of water sources of water and health centres, voluntary giving of blood, replanting of trees on hills and in towns, building of houses (huts) for people displaced by war or refugees, collecting rubbish etc.

These scouts are well organised, and receive training in how to take an active part in changing their communities, thanks to the youth programme of the associations forming the PSGL and thanks to the projects carried out by these associations with the financial support of their local, national and international partners.

The principle areas in which scouting helps to promote community development in the Great Lakes region are vocational training for young people in difficulty, habitat, wild life and the environment, health, food and nutrition, as well as peace.

What we have learned

Young people represent not only the most vulnerable part of society, but also its most dynamic part. Young people may or may not contribute to maintaining peace, depending on how they are trained or manipulated by adults.

Young people can easily become workers for peace if they learn the values of sharing, diversity and mutual respect, and if they have the opportunity to work alongside other

1 A Jamboree is an international scout rally.

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young people from different ethnic groups, tribes or families, in carrying out different activities. When they become adults, they will be able to cooperate in solving major social issues and problems and to measure themselves with others without prejudice.

Exchange of experiences between national organisations and cross-border groups is an effective means of promoting the intercultural and international dimension of peace.

Educating young people in non-violent attitudes is the concern of all members of society. Working in synergy allows us to unite our efforts to strengthen actions and capacities intended to safeguard and promote peace.

The issue of peace is not limited solely to the problem of war. Violence is everywhere, both hidden and visible. The education we provide must also be oriented towards management of conflicts and the fight against ethnic prejudice in the minds of young people, in our families, in schools, in our scout groups, in the workplace, in parks, in the streets, in the media etc.

Conclusions for the design of the present project

Through this project, we want to inspire young people to undertake initiatives to promote and maintain lasting peace in the sub-region by combating ethnic prejudice, one of the principle sources of conflict in the Great Lakes.

This project aims to provide a means for young people to increase their skills and adopt positive attitudes when conducting activities of mediation, reconciliation and peaceful resolution of conflicts; young people working in synergy with their peers in other countries (in Europe for example) to promote a culture of peace across the world.

2. Implementation of the project

2. 1. Objectives of the project

Overall objective

Over a period of two years, to mobilise and engage several thousand young people at the heart of the population in fostering a movement to reject ethnic prejudice among the younger generation and inspire young people to make a real contribution to social change and bring lasting peace to the Great Lakes region.

Specific objectives

o To train and put into action 420 community mediators able to contribute to social change in their communities by bringing together other young people to promote peace and community development.

o To put in place a permanent system of training and support for community mediators

o To reinforce, consolidate and evaluate the experiences of the community mediators in regional and international cooperation

2. 2. Realisation of objectives and activities

Objective 1

To train and put into action 420 community mediators able to contribute to social change in their community

Young men and women aged 15 to 25 will be trained to become mediators for peace in their communities, capable of combating ethnic prejudice and helping people to manage conflicts without violence, and to act as multipliers able to bring together other young people (scouts or non-scouts) who are committed to the struggle against racial hatred and violence.

a. Role of community mediators

o To identify the symptoms that underlie conflicts and violence, and to combat ethnic prejudice in their community;

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o To inform their community about the roots and causes of conflicts in their countries and make them more aware of how to manage these conflicts peacefully;

o To intervene in conflict situations using dialogue, negotiation or mediation;

o Over two years, to train 50 young people aged 15 to 25, giving them the motivation and means to fight against ethnic prejudice and violence and engage them in serving the community.

b. Principal activities of mediators

To organise, in schools and other public places, awareness campaigns for the population on the theme of living together peacefully, rejecting ethnic prejudice and resisting genocide, using:

o Public presentation of plays, sketches, poems, simulation games etc.

o Cultural evenings

o Sports events

To prepare and host one-day sessions to give other young people the motivation and skills to become "agents of peace" (reference: peace education manual). At the end of this session, the young people will be invited to make a statement whereby they swear to respect the dignity of everyone, reject ethnic prejudice, and adopt and practice the principles of active non-violence when participating in the settlement of conflicts within their communities. They will receive an "agent of peace" card. They will become members of a peace and reconciliation club to carry out actions promoting peace and community development, working together with the councils of the village or neighbourhood.

c. Other activities of mediators

The mediators will also organise the following activities within their respective communities:

Investigations into the conflicts that exist within their communities

Regular attendance at meetings of community structures (Intahe in Burundi, Gacaca in Rwanda and Baraza in Democratic Congo)2

To decide, in a small group of mediators, on measures to prevent and/or resolve peacefully the conflicts that exist within their community

Organisation of debates, talks and meetings with other young people on the subject of the conflicts taking place in the community, on the themes of solidarity, mutual acceptance, harmony in diversity (location: schools, boarding schools, entertainment venues)

Organisation, through the medium of clubs for peace and reconciliation, of activities to provide moral and material assistance for victims of conflict and other people in need (prisoners, the wounded etc.); appealing for and distributing food and clothes, visits to those displaced by war, to refugees and prisoners, presentation of awareness games, educational entertainment for the children of displaced people or refugees, voluntary giving of blood

Organisation of solidarity days with refugees, people displaced by war or other vulnerable people

Reforesting of sites that have been occupied by refugees, and combating the spread of HIV/Aids

Building, with other young people, houses for vulnerable people (old, disabled etc.) in the villages wherever there is need, using local materials (wood, straw, etc.)

Make the community, and especially young people, aware of the need for positive behaviour during electoral and post-electoral periods

2 Intahe, Gacaca and Baraza are the names used to describe councils of wise men/elders respectively in Burundi, in Rwanda and in the East of the DR Congo

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d. Recruitment of community mediators

Participants will be selected in each scout region in Burundi, in each scout province in Rwanda and in each scout district in North and South Kivu in D.R. Congo, in accordance with the criteria set out below. Those selected must:

be aged 15 – 25

have taken part in an activity promoting peace

be resident within the geographical area of intervention

have a thorough knowledge of their village or neighbourhood

be aware of the events that have been a threat to peace in their country

have taken part in a social development initiative in their community

be capable of identifying vulnerable people in their area, and their needs

be able to express themselves in public

be regarded as a man or a woman of peace within their community (be non-violent in character)

The successful candidates will be drawn from the three countries as follows:

Burundi: 140 young people from 3 geographical zones

Rwanda: 120 young people from 3 geographical zones

North Kivu: 80 young people from 2 geographical zones

South Kivu: 80 young people from 2 geographical zones

The selection will be made by ad hoc committees set up by the Executive of each member Association.

A circular setting out the recruitment criteria and timetable will be published in September 2005 to announce the beginning of recruitment of community mediators in the Great Lakes

By the end of October 2005, the sub-regional Secretariat of the PSGL will have a list of 420 community mediators for training in the Great Lakes region.

e. Training of community mediators

During the period November-December 2005, training courses for community mediators will be organised in the 3 countries of the Great Lakes under the supervision of the Partnership of Scouts of the Great Lakes.

This aim is to train the community mediators in the following skills:

Ability to transform a culture of violence into a culture of peace.

Ability to negotiate or mediate in a conflict situation.

Ability to identify and analyse the symptoms of intolerance that exist within their community (stereotypes, prejudice, discrimination, inappropriate language, poking fun, exclusion, segregation, repression, etc.) and to recognise negative attitudes such as chauvinism, maladjustment and aggression, xenophobia, etc. 

Ability to devise, elaborate and execute a peace promotion project, and to direct a cultural event.

Ability to prepare and deliver a training session for young agents of the peace (reference "Peace Education Manual").

Ability to put into practice the skills acquired in:

o Peaceful management of conflicts (prevention and resolution);

o Education of peers (discussion, simulation games, role plays);

o Planning;

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o Techniques involved in providing information, raising awareness, communication and cooperation

From January 2006, the community mediators will therefore be operational in the sub-region under the supervision of their educators, who will also provide them with support in their daily work.

Objective 2

To put into place a permanent system of training and support for community mediators

a. Role of mediator trainers

To prepare and host training courses for community mediators

To supervise the activities of the mediator groups

To provide support on the ground for mediators in performing their tasks

To provide a link between the scout Association and the groups

To monitor the activities of conflict management committees within their area of responsibility

b. Content of the course for mediator trainers

The course for trainers of community mediators will include the following modules:

The role and competence of mediators

The role of trainers in the project

Basic notions of peace (definition of basic concepts)

Management and prevention of conflicts

Intervention in a conflict situation: dialogue/negotiation, mediation, restorative justice

The tools used in peace education and combating ethnic prejudice

Non-violent communication

Cultural diversity and social change

The tools used in peace education and promotion

o Preparation and management of a project (for peace)

o Planning the activities of a community mediator

c. Programme of training and activities for trainers:

In September 2005, each member Association of the PSGL will send the permanent executive Secretariat a list of trainee educators for peace in the following manner:

o Burundi Scouting Association: 12 trainee candidates

o Rwanda Scouting Association: 12 trainee candidates

o North Kivu Scouting Association: 8 trainee candidates

o South Kivu Scouting Association: 8 trainee candidates

In October 2005, a course for community mediator trainers will be organised in Bukavu (40 in total).

And from November 2005, they will begin in their turn to train community mediators in their geographic areas, then provide them with educational support in fulfilling their tasks. They will have to draft and transmit a report on the activities of community mediators to the permanent executive Secretariat of the PSGL (with a copy to their own association), which serves as focal point for the project.

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Objective 3

o To reinforce, consolidate and evaluate the experiences of the community mediators in regional and international cooperation

Two types of activities to achieve this objective: Mediator Peace Caravans and the International Peace Rally

a. Community mediator peace caravans

This involves a “peace hike”, which will take place in July 2006 (around 100km). The purpose is to share with other mediators the experiences gained and the skills acquired during the work in the field. The caravans will consist of a mix of the mediators from the three countries. They will leave their different geographic areas to converge on the administrative centres of their countries (Burundi and Rwanda) and of their provinces (North and South Kivu). At each stop on the way, peace celebrations will be organised with the local communities, and along the route the participants will continue to promote peace and reconciliation. Through these caravans, the participants will learn to appreciate and accept one another, and to live in a climate of solidarity and mutual understanding in the fight against xenophobia and ethnic hatred.

When these caravans reach their destinations, "Guides and Scouts of the World" certificates and badges will be awarded to the community mediators. Finally, the "Guides and Scouts of the World" winners will make a commitment to continue their activities in combating prejudice in 2006 and beyond.

b. International peace rally

This is the final stage of the project. It is an opportunity to consolidate and evaluate the activities of the peace mediators by comparing the experiences of the networks from the various countries at a large peace rally at Gitega in Burundi. This rally will bring together the 420 community mediators, delegations of the agents of peace, the 40 mediator trainers, and young and adult guests from the other countries.

The working method at the International Peace Camp will make it possible to evaluate the impact of the community mediators on the ground, the number of trained agents of peace, the number of operational clubs of peace and reconciliation and the actions in which they have engaged. This evaluation will provide pointers for the development of the project over a further period of two years, with a larger number of mediators and agents of peace to be trained and put into action.

Audiovisual presentations

o Drama presentations

o Screening of films

o Talks using audio-visual aids

Interactive approach:

o Market for peace practices

o Guided tours

o Small-group workshops

o Meeting with local communities

o Interactive stands run by the mediator networks

This International Peace Rally will be organised in five stages, leading up to an act of commitment on the part of the participants, as follows:

Stage 1: Exploration

This stage serves as a trigger, tackling real fears in getting the symposium started, using the following tools:

Screening of films

Drama presentations

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Visits to camps of displaced people

Visits to sites of the Rwandan genocide (memorial)

Stage 2: Historical background

Accounts of peace-building activities. This will provide mutual enrichment based on talks to plenary sessions on ground-breaking activities undertaken by certain organisations.

Stage 2: Development

This stage will consist partly of talks by specialists, partly of accounts given by of peace activists.

The accounts will be presented using an the approach involving the active participation of young people: the “peace practices market”.

The specialists will help to answer questions such as: "How do you carry out peace activities with young people during and after a crisis?"

Stage 4: Meeting with communities

The participants will be active in the local situation, going into the local community and hosting activities such as the following:

Entertainment for children in difficult situations

Promotion of peace within marginalized groups (communities receiving members of such groups)

Visit to the escapees of the Rwandan genocide

International peace market

Stage 5: Commitment for the future

Investiture (with medals) of the Mediators of Peace

3. Calendar of activities

Year 1: July 2005 – July 2006

1. September 2005: Project start-up (raising awareness of the partner associations)

2. October 2005: Training course for the 40 peace trainers over 5 days in Bukavu.

3. November – December 2005: Training courses for community mediators (3 days / session) in the 3 countries of the Great Lakes:

Burundi: Ngozi, Gitega and Makamba pools

Rwanda: Ruhengeri, Butare and Umutara pools

North Kivu (DR Congo): Goma and Butembo pools

South Kivu (DR Congo): Bukavu and Uvira pools.

4. January – June 2006: Work on the ground by the mediators, supervised by the trainers and coordinated by the permanent executive secretariat of the PSGL.

5. July - August 2006: Peace caravan of 420 mediators and of the Teams of Supporters and Truckers of the partner associations.

Year 2: August 2006 - August 2007

6. August 2006 - August 2007:

Work on the ground by the community mediators, supervised by the trainers and coordinated by the permanent executive secretariat of the PSGL;

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Use of the "mediator networks - partner teams" peer relationships, coordinated and supervised by the permanent executive secretariat.

7. July - August 2007: Evaluation and consolidation of the Mediators' experiences at an International Peace Rally in Gitega (Burundi)

4. Expected results, evaluation and follow-up of the project

4.1. Expected results

40 community mediator trainers trained;

A network of 420 community mediators active in 10 zones over the three countries;

Training of 21,000 young agents of peace;

Creation of 400 clubs for peace and reconciliation;

Launch of hundreds of activities promoting peace and community development in these zones.

4.2. Criteria for evaluating the actions of community mediators:

Number of mediator trainers trained;

Type of support provided by the educators to the mediators on the ground, and frequency of intervention;

Number of mediators trained;

Number of agents of peace trained;

Number of operational clubs for peace and reconciliation;

Number, nature and quality of the projects promoting peace and community development carried out by the clubs;

Nature of the conflicts into which the mediators have carried out investigations

Types of solutions proposed for the conflicts identified

Number of conflicts positively resolved and/or prevented during the project in each area concerned

The positive behaviour of the mediators in carrying out their tasks

Number of debates, talks and meetings organised by the mediators for the benefit of the young people in their communities

The skills in management and conflict prevention acquired during the project

Changes of behaviour in the beneficiary communities

Accounts of project beneficiaries (local population)

Level of relationship linking the groups of mediators to the community structures (Baraza, Gacaca, Intahe, Nyumbakumi)

The presence of groups of mediators over the entire planned geographic area

Results achieved at the International Peace Camp

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4.3. Follow-up of the project

Follow-up will be provided by the personnel of the Permanent Executive Secretariat by means of site visits, coordination of joint and individual activities and supervision of the mediator trainers. The Mediators' reports will be analysed at the executive Secretariat and circulars will be produced to encourage the mediators to improve their work. The Permanent Executive Secretariat will, in its turn, be supervised by the coordination Committee, with assistance and advice from the Regional Office of Scouting based in Nairobi.

The structure for the execution and follow-up of the project therefore consists of two levels:

1° General supervision, which will be done by delegates from the following organisations:

The coordination Committee of the PSGL, as board of directors of the PSGL

The World Scouting Bureau / Africa region, for technical support

2° Follow-up by the Permanent Executive Secretariat, which will operate at the headquarters of the PSGL and will include the following people

The Director of the project (Permanent Executive Secretary of the PSGL)

Educational assistant in charge of the programme

Educational assistant in charge of socio-cultural activities, media and communication

Administration and finance assistant

Executive secretary

One volunteer to provide support for the two educational Assistants

The three assistants must be young volunteers and the recruitment process will take into account the "gender" aspect. They will have a two-year contract, which will terminate after the international peace rally. The duties and terms of reference for these staff members will be drawn up before they are appointed, in accordance with the procedure set out in the administrative Regulations of the PSGL.

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5. Detailed budget of the project

Year 1: September 2005 – June 2006

Breakdown of items Number of units Unit cost in € Total cost in €

1. Training course for trainers, 5 daysTravel and preparation 1 visit 360 360Transport of participants and trainers (return journey)

44 people 28 1232

Accommodation for participants and trainers

44 people x 5 days 20 4400

Catering for participants and educators

44 people x 5 days 14 3080

Logistics Fixed rate 600 600Teaching material 40 people 7 280Expenses of trainers 6 people 200 1,200Cost of report one-off amount 140 140Public relations and media one-off amount 200 200SUBTOTAL 11,4922. Training of mediatorsRwanda 120 young people x 3 days x

2 sessions15 10,800

Burundi 140 young people x 3 days x 2 sessions

15 12,600

North Kivu 80 young people x 3 days x 2 sessions

15 7,200

South Kivu 80 young people x 3 days x 2 sessions

15 7,200

SUBTOTAL 37,8003. Project management and administrationCoordination and follow-up of mediators on the ground

3 visits 870 2,610

Cost of supervision by trainers 40 people x 3 visits 60 7,200Project equipment one-off amount 3,200 3,200Operations· Communication· Internet· Office supplies and consumables· Office rent· Transport and fuel· Staff remuneration

- project director- project assistants- secretary- caretaker

· Staff medical cover (80% of expenses)

10 months10 months10 months

10 months10 months10 months x 1 person10 months x 3 people10 months x 1 person10 months

10 months

1704040

1201080

60015010080

492

1,700400400

1,20010,800

6,000 4,5001,000

800

4,920SUBTOTAL 44,730

TOTAL 92,822Emergencies (5%) 4,641YEAR TOTAL 97,463

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Year 2: July 2006 – September 2007 (15 months)

Description Number of units Unit cost in € Total cost in €

1. International CampExpenses for renting the site 1 site 2,500 2,500Expenses for setting up the site 1 site 8,000 8,000Management of the camp

- Travel expenses for the mediators

420 people 17 7,140

- Travel expenses for the trainers and local guests

60 people 17 1,020

- Equipment for registration of participants

one-off amount one-off amount 3,700

- Equipment for workshops one-off amount one-off amount 4,850- Catering for participants and

adult educators520 people x 5 days 13 33,800

- Accommodation in tents 200 tents 80 16,000- Medical care one-off amount one-off amount 2,800- Other equipment one-off amount one-off amount 4,100

SUBTOTAL 83,9102. Peace caravans Catering 480 people x 3 days 13 1,453Logistic expenses 480 15 7,200Educational material one-off amount one-off amount 12,000SUBTOTAL 20,6533. Project management Coordination and follow-up of mediators' work

5 visits 870 4,350

Expenses for supervision by the trainers

40 people x 3 visits 60 12,000

Operations- Communication 15 months 170 2,550- Internet 15 months 40 600- Office supplies and

consumables15 months 40 600

- Office rent 15 months 120 1800- Transport and fuel 15 months 1,080 16,200- Staff remuneration

Director Assistants Secretary Caretaker

1 person x 15 months3 people x 15 months1 person x 15 months1 person x 15 months

60015010080

9,0006,7501,5001,200

Medical cover for staff 6 people x 15 months 492 7,380SUBTOTAL 63,930TOTAL 168,493 Emergencies (5%) 8,425GENERAL TOTAL 2nd YEAR 176,918TOTAL COST OF PROJECT 274,381

Drawn up in Bujumbura, 12th-June-2005The Permanent Secretariat of the PSGL

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APPENDIX

1. Map of the sub-region

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2. The host country and the site of the rally

The host country: Burundi

In terms of its experiences of conflict and of peace, Burundi can serve as an example for Africa and the rest of the world from several points of view: as an example of a humanitarian disaster, of inter-ethnic massacres, of civil war, of agreements for peace and reconciliation and of electoral processes.

Since independence, Burundi has known periods of unrest, marked by crises of confidence and massacres between its people groups, in 1969 and 1972, then in the crisis of 1993 and the civil war that resulted from it.

Social life has been devastated, with the disappearance of entire families (around 200,000 people killed), thousands of women widowed, several thousands of abandoned children, several thousands of people displaced to the neighbouring countries and a large majority of the population displaced within the country, countless cases of rape, and much more.

Analysing the causes of this crisis of confidence and of these massacres can help people to understand and to avoid similar situations, both in Burundi itself and in neighbouring countries. Showing great courage, Burundese society has faced up to the consequences of the crisis, managing the acute problems arising from the broken relationships between the different components of its population, and concluding agreements to promote peace, reconciliation, power sharing, national unity and economic rehabilitation.

Burundese men, women and children have risen up to rebuild their country, to fight for the restoration of peace and for fundamental change in their society. Many positive initiatives have been taken at the level of grass-roots communities and youth organisations. Where human rights are concerned, work has been done not only on the practical aspects of reconstruction but also in terms of initiatives to overcome social tension, to bring about social change and to restore confidence.

Obviously, faced with this potential source of conflict, the Burundi Scouting Association, like all other players, has been a little shaken, but has not given up on its ideal. Far from weakening the association, this crisis has on the contrary demonstrated the association’s strength and its ability to bring together young people of different ethnic groups despite the unrest within the Burundese population. This is demonstrated by several initiatives organised for the benefit of displaced Burundese people (since 1993), refugees from Rwanda (in 1995), Congo (2004), and reconstruction camps organised in various places.

The constantly growing membership, drawn from all backgrounds (educational and non-educational) also shows the enthusiasm of young people to belong to an organisation whose moral integrity no longer has to be proved and where many and varied activities allow young people to develop in a rounded way in all fields. From 10,000 before the crisis of 1993, the membership has grown to more than 15,000 in 2005

In this way, young people have found that the scout movement provides a favourable framework for emancipation, for making friends and realising their dreams. In short, in scouting young people find the things that meet their needs and aspirations.

Description and location of the host site

Gitega is Burundi's second city, after the capital Bujumbura. It was founded in 1912 during German colonisation as a new site for the capital of Burundi, which until then had been Bujumbura. In this way, the colonisers hoped to facilitate the administration of the territory by situating the capital in the centre of the country.

The city of Gitega, surrounded by mountains, is thus situated in the middle of the country, 102km to the East of Bujumbura, in the central plains area. It therefore benefits from a temperate tropical climate, with average annual temperatures varying between 17° and 20°C.

Project Amahoro

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Project Amahoro