MONEY MARKET FUND REFORM: AN ALTERNATIVE TO THE SEC’S PROPOSAL
Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project
description
Transcript of Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project
![Page 1: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project
M Dharma RaoChief Engineer
(Retd)
Vivekananda Seva Samithi (VIKASA)
Hyderabad Karimnagar
WIN – WIN SOLUTION
for all stakeholders
December, 2010
![Page 2: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
I. Polavaram (Indira Sagar)
Multi-Purpose Project
…a brief background
VIKASA
![Page 3: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Key features of Polavaram Project
VIKASA
Cotton Barrage
![Page 4: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Key features of Polavaram Project…(contd.)
VIKASA
• Left flank : irrigation + drinking water en route to Visakhapatnam (25 TMC) & ors
• Right flank : irrigation - diversion of 80 TMC to Krishna Barrage (linking of Krishna & Godavari Rivers)
• Downstream : supplementing Godavari delta in case of shortfall
• Hydropower generation capacity 960 MW (= 12 x 80 MW)
• A dam across R. Godavari near Polavaram Vill. (WG Dist.)
• Would create 75.2 TMC Reservoir
• Irrigation for 7.2 lakh acres (projected)
![Page 5: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
II. Polavaram Project suffering from
several key deficiencies
VIKASA
![Page 6: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Deficiencies of Polavaram Project
VIKASA
• Current status: full project clearances not yet obtained! Main dam and storage structures not yet constructed.
• Submergence & environmental degradation: 2 lakh acres (1.5 lakh acres farm land & 0.5 lakh acres forest land); massive loss of rare flora & fauna; major loss to Papikonda Wildlife Sanctuary (Tiger habitat); loss of heritage and sacred structures
• Relocation and ‘forced impoverishment’ a snowballing issue: more than 2 lakh people (65% tribals & dalits) in over 300 villages; forced to migrate and lose assured livelihoods
• High and rising project cost estimates – a serious concern: capital (Rs. 16,000 crores and counting!) and recurring (due to lift component); sanctions withheld on financial grounds
• Inter-regional disputes (“Telangana vs. Coastal Andhra”)
• Inter-state disputes (Chattisgarh, Orissa vs. AP) – recent MoEF notices; CWC’s approval after OK by other States under GWDT
![Page 7: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Deficiencies of Polavaram Project (contd.)
VIKASA
• Violating Draft National Tribal Policy: mandatory principle of least displacement; any project which displaces more than 50,000 tribal people would not be taken up or be subject to more stringent norms
• Violating Environment Protection Act (1986) & EIA Notifications (1994, 1997 & 2004) :
- project should not deprive livelihoods of poor and tribal people
- mandatory to find out alternatives…to protect the environment
• Against National Water Policy: does not permit state-induced impoverishment due to forced displacement, acquisition of lands
• Against recommendations of Prof. Jayati Ghosh Commission, National and State Resettlement and Rehabilitation Policy (2003 & 2005), etc.
![Page 8: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
VIKASA
Deficiencies of Polavaram Project (contd.)
• Supreme Court’s Central Empowered Committee (CEC) on Polavaram:
• submergence of villages and forced displacement of large populations
• irreparable loss of invaluable wildlife zones & tiger habitat
• ‘a fresh appraisal’ & ‘a second thought required before sanctioning project’
• ‘a strong case for exploring alternative location and design’Ref: CEC’s Report dated 9-11-2006 (vide F. No. 1-19/CEC/SCA/2006 – PT XII dated 15-11-2006) in I.A. No. 1572 and 1578 in the Supreme Court of India
• Outdated Model of Development? Priorities seen to be skewed
• project’s primary beneficiaries (relatively better-developed plain and delta) vs. primary losers (underdeveloped tribals and dalits in more backward regions)
![Page 9: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
VIKASA
Deficiencies of Polavaram Project (contd.)
• Actual gains much lower than claimed ! Duplication of Polavaram Ayacut:
• Claimed area – 7.2 lakh acres
• But, 5.2 lakh acres of this area shown as covered under other projects: Yeleru, Torigedda LIS, Chagalnadu LIS, Tadipudi LIS, Pushkaram LIS!
• Tadipudi and Pushkaram LIS alone cover 3.92 lakh acres of same area !
• Polavaram ayacut to be much lower
![Page 10: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
VIKASA
Deficiencies of Polavaram Project (contd.)
• Dam design & safety issues - underestimated submergence area?
• Design assumption: 36 lakh cusecs flood would submerge 276 villages in AP
• But, in Aug. 2006, only 28.5 lakh cusecs flood submerged 369 villages
• Design max. flood of 50 lakh cusecs - likely submergence of 400 villages and affecting 2.5 lakh population
• Sedimentation problem in Godavari River
• likely significant reduction in projected storage capacity
• Nizam Sagar and Sriram Sagar Projects lost 60% of live capacity in 50 years
Therefore, need to consider suitable alternatives…
![Page 11: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
III. The Alternative Proposal
VIKASA
![Page 12: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
First Principles of the Alternative Proposal
VIKASA
1. Diversion of water from higher elevations feasible
a. Sabari, Sileru, Sokuleru, Pamuleru ( on left flank)
b. at Dummugudem Anicut (on right flank)
c. Water needs met through gravity only – no need for lift
2. Capturing reliable water sources feasible - perennial flow (regulated discharge) from hydroelectric schemes
3. Protecting stakeholder interest & meeting the water needs of all sides
4. Resource optimization & environment protection – lowering costs; minimizing social and environmental costs; utilizing existing canal network
5. Tunneling technology – recent advances
6. Overall approach for win-win solution: adhering to the Constitutional mandate - Directive Principles of State Policy and statutory/regulatory requirements
![Page 13: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
VIKASA
A Left Flank :
- through Tunnel + Canal from Sileru R. into Yeleru R. AB
B Right Flank :
- Major Canal + Tunnel from Dummugudem Anicut.
Alternative Proposal to Polavaram
Balancing/Carryover Reservoirs
(Storage)
- on Sokuleru R. and Pamuleru R.
C
![Page 14: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Alternative Proposal (details)
VIKASA
A Left Flank : Proposed Scheme
- 5,000 cusecs regulated flow available for 9 months at 700 ft MSL in Sileru R. - below Lower Sileru Hydroelectric Scheme
- Flow can be diverted through Tunnel (20 km) + Canal from Sileru R. into Yeleru R. – linked to main canal
- Yeleru Project can serve as storage reservoir
- Will fully meet irrigation and water supply requirements of Visakhapatnam & ors. (100 TMC water) – by gravity only
- Hydropower generation possible by harnessing fall of 500 ft
![Page 15: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The Alternative Proposal (details)
VIKASA
B Right Flank : Proposed Scheme
- Diversion from Dummugudem Anicut at + 165 ft FRL
- 35,000 cusecs flow for 9 months i.e. 600 TMC available at 75% dependability at Dummugudem
- Can divert 100 TMC for right flank irrigation + 80 TMC for transfer to Krishna basin
- Entire water available through gravity only
- Major Canal + Tunnel (approx. 40 km) to cross Godavari-Krishna ridge
![Page 16: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The Alternative Proposal (details)
VIKASA
C Downstream : Supplementing Godavari Delta in case of shortfall
- Balancing/Carryover Reservoirs (Storage) - on Sokuleru R, Pamuleru R
& other minor basins
- Total storage up to 25 TMC for exigencies of delta, drinking water
requirements
- Projected downward trend in irrigation water demand for delta -
conservation of water through modern irrigation, cropping methods (eg:
‘Sri’ paddy cultivation)
- These reservoirs actually serve as water bodies wildlife requirements
![Page 17: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
VIKASA
• Sustainable model for development; Win-Win Solution for all stakeholders
• Necessity of Polavaram Reservoir dispensed with
•Submergence of forest and tribal lands avoided•Displacement of people avoided
• Assured water for all sides : left flank, right flank & delta/downstream
• Entire scheme based on gravity flow only – no need for lift; significant cost savings
• Hydropower generation feasible
• In conformity with all environmental and project norms
• Inter-region, inter-state disputes avoided
Benefits of Alternative Proposal - Summary
Harmonious and optimal reconciliation of needs of various stakeholders + protecting the environment
![Page 18: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
VIKASA
• Silent Valley Project, Kerala - proposal in 1928, project initiation in 1958, dropped in 1983); eco-friendly alternatives taken up
• Heran Reservoir in Gujarat
Yes, Alternative to Polavaram Project can be adopted even now.
Mandatory project clearances not yet obtained! Main dam structure and storage
structure not constructed anyway – are not inevitable
SC’s Central Empowered Committee (CEC): “…there is a strong case for a
second thought…CWC should take into consideration suitable alternatives…”
On previous occasions too India dropped projects for better alternatives:
Alternative to Polavaram - at this stage?
![Page 19: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
VIKASA
Summary of major argumentsPolavaram Other Proposals
This Alternative
Irrigation Water
Drinking water
Power generation
Costs (capital and recurring)
Sunken costs – existing canals?
Environmental impact & Submergence:
- People
- natural habitat
Legal and Regulatory requirements
![Page 20: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
from…
to…
It is time for a WIN – WIN SOLUTION
for all Stakeholders
Why consider Alternative Proposal to Polavaram?
VIKASA
![Page 21: Alternative Proposal for Polavaram Project](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022051115/568143eb550346895db071cb/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
VIKASA
Contact :
Vivekananda Seva Samithi (VIKASA)HNo 1-9-312/C, Vidya NagarHyderabad - 500044Phone: 040- 27617691; Mobile: 9440501333Email: [email protected]
THANK YOU !