Also known as manufacturing

industriesWhen people make things from

natural resources – FACTORIES

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Primary industries = jobs which collect raw

materials, such as farming.

Tertiary industries = jobs which give a service, such as

doctors.

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Some key words:• Natural resources = are things found in

nature… grown, found in the sea or land.

• Labourer = worker

• Car assembly plant = factories where cars are put together and built.

• Construction industry = building industry

• Power = the energy needed to work the machines.

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Employment structure:

• In very poor countries, most people work in the primary industry e.g. farming

• In rich countries, most people work in the tertiary industry e.g. tourism

e.g. Malta.

e.g. Bangladesh

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Where can I build my factory?

Simple, You have to find the best

SITE!!Near power

Near good transport

Near raw materials e.g. coal

Near workers

Next to market

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a) TEXTILE MILLS a) TEXTILE MILLS

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Wool

Textiles / Clothes

Primary Industry

Secondary Industry

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Where can I build my textile mill?

1. Near raw materials = sheep farming2. On flat land = easy to build factory3. Next to power = HEP (rivers) or coal4. Near rivers= to transport raw materials and finished goods (on boats)5. Close to a good market= in places which are populated

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b) IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY b) IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY

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A) Raw materials include:COALCOAL

LimestoneLimestone

Iron oreIron ore

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Process involves:

1) THE COAL IS BURNT. 2) IRON ORE IS ‘COOKED’. 3) LIMESTONE (rock) is added to ‘clean’ it.4) The IRON in the iron ore, melts and comes out as very hot material – iron or steel

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Finished products:

Car parts

trains

bridges

Steel cables and sheets

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Where can I build my iron and steel industry?

Very simple! LOTS OF RAW MATERIALS

ARE NEEDED TO MAKE SMALL AMOUNTS OF

STEEL –SO BUILD YOUR INDUSTRY

NEAR RAW MATERIALS =

ON COALFIELDS OR NEAR LIMESTONE HILLS

+Near water

for cooling

+ Near goodtransport

+Near

good ports

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Many people went to live near coalfields as there was

a lot of work. Coalfields became crowded.

Today, many coalfields have used their raw materials

and now provide no more work and are abandoned.

-no jobs, factories closed, abandoned places,Environment spoilt!

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c) CAR INDUSTRY c) CAR INDUSTRY

Build it near market!! Where

many people live and there is a large demand!

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Car assembly plants

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• A modern car consists of many small parts, each part is made in its own factory.

• These factories doing different parts are close together and assemble the car next to the market -> next to big cities.

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Car assembly plants need-To be found near marketsLarge flat land for parking

Near good roads – motorways / railways

Good supply of electric power

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High tech industries are those factories that make microchips, computers,

mobile phones, medicines, and scientific equipment.

These do not need a lot of raw materials, and do not make bulky products like

cars, so they can be located ANYWHERE !!

d) HIGH-TECH INDUSTRIES d) HIGH-TECH INDUSTRIES

• Normally in nice environments

• Pleasant climate

• Next to good roads and airports

• Next to universities

• Next to greenfield sites = parks

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e.g. The Sunrise Strip along the M4 corridor in England

Science or business parks are a group of industries or business companies that

locate at the edge of town F. Ciangura

• Industrialisation began in Britain in the 18th and 19th century.

• The steam engine was discovered- when coal is burnt, it gives a lot of energy that can be used to work the machines.

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• Many people left the countryside to go to work in factories.

• These were poor people and had no money and no transport.

• They lived very close to the factory –to go to work on foot

• They lived in very small houses lacking all amenities (water, electricity etc)

• Many people left the countryside to go to work in factories.

• These were poor people and had no money and no transport.

• They lived very close to the factory –to go to work on foot

• They lived in very small houses lacking all amenities (water, electricity etc)

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F. Ciangura

FACTORIES IN INNER CITY FACTORIES IN INNER CITY

FactoriesPoor houses

Poor

houses

More buildings

The city started getting larger. Factories were built in the centre, and had no room to expand. There was a lot of pollution

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What had to be done to redevelop the inner city?

• Demolish old factories

• Rebuild better, larger houses with more amenities

• Make wider roads for cars and new railways

• More parking spaces

• Clean the rivers

• Make museums out of some old factories

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The Secondary Industries in Malta:

form 23% of its economy

The service sector (tertiary) forms 74% of Maltese

economy- mostly tourism

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• Industrial estate = a group of factories that locate near each other.

• Include: Bulebel, Ricasoli, Marsa, Cordin, San Gwann, Hal Far, Xewkija (Gozo)

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