ALM: Origin of cellular life, Cell theory, and Tour of the cell.

Note: As you now know, one of the “recurring themes” in Biology is the relationship between structure and function. Whether we are speaking of modifying the structure of a molecule by adding a functional group, or understanding how an organ functions by considering its structure, we will revisit this concept repeatedly.

Origin of cellular lifeCh. 15.1- 15.3What are the four stages by which chemical and physical processes are hypothesized to have produced the first living organisms (in your words)? Under this, what is the evidence that these stages actually occurred?Stage 1.

The evidence that this occurred?

Stage 2.

The evidence that this occurred?

Stage 3.

The evidence that this occurred?

Stage 4.

The evidence that this occurred?

Cell Theory1. State the four basic tenets of the modern cell theory.

2. Evaluate this statement using your knowledge of cell theory: “Maggots arise spontaneously from rotting meat.”

3. On the back of this paper, explain the differences between “spontaneous generation” and “abiotic origin of cellular life.”Tour of the Cell

1. Label the parts of the eukaryotic animal cell in the figure below:

1. Write a description of the function for each of the cellular components in question 1 above.

Letter Organelle Functionalcategory

Function

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i

j

k

l

General Biology Name:Bio 101 Homework Due Date:

Note: As you continue to become more familiar with biological structures, you will notice that membranes are not inert, functionless structures. At the sub-cellular level (inside the cell), the membranes of the endomembrane system play an important role in modifying, sorting, and “shipping” proteins to where they are needed inside outside the cell.

1. What is the surface area to volume ratio of a hypothetical, perfectly cubical cell with the following dimensions?

a. 10 μm

b. 100 μm

c. 1000 μm (1mm)

2. How did eukaryotes overcome the obstacle of decreased surface area to volume ratio as these cells evolved to become larger than smaller and simpler prokaryotic cells?

3. What is the advantage to possessing internalized membranes?

4. As you learned in the textbook and during lecture, proteins are “modified and shipped” through the endomembrane system. Diagram this process, list the organelles involved (in correct order), and how the protein products are “shipped” from one location to the next.