Allowable Field Vibration for Pump

7/27/2019 Allowable Field Vibration for Pump

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PUMP TYPELESS THAN POWER

(HP)

End suction ANSIB73 20

Vertical Inline, Separately-coupled, per ANSI B73.2 20

End suction & Vertical Inline close coupled 20End suction, Frame-mounted 20

End suction, API-610, Preferred operation region (POR) All

End suction, API-610, Allowable operation region (AOR) All

End suction, paper stock 10

End suct. Solids handling - horizontal 10

End suct. Solids handling - vertical 10

End suct. Hard metal/rubber-lined,

horizontal & vertical10

Between bearings, single & multistage 20

Vertical turbine pump (VTP) 100VTP, Mixed flow, propeller, short set 100

ALLOWABLE FIELD-INSTALLED VIBR



VIBRATION

RMS, IN/SEC

GREATER THAN POWER

(HP)

VIBRATION

RMS, IN/SEC

0.12 100 0.18

0.12 100 0.18

0.14 100 0.210.14 100 0.21

0.12 All 0.12

0.16 All 0.16

0.14 200 0.21

0.22 400 0.31

0.26 400 0.34

0.3 100 0.4

0.12 200 0.22

0.24 1000 0.280.2 3000 0.28

TION VALUES FOR PUMPS



CAUSE AMPLITUDE FREQUENCY

UnbalanceProportional to unbalance.

Largest in radial direction.1 x RPM

Misalignment couplings orbearings and bend shaft.

Large in axial direction.50% or more of radial vibration.

1 x RPM usual

2 & 3 x RPM

sometimes

Bad bearings

anti-friction type

Unsteady - use vecocity

measurement if possible

Very high several times

RPM

VIBRATION I



PHASE REMARKS

Single reference mark Most common cause of vibration

Single

double

or triple

Best found by apperance of large axial vibration.

Use dial indicators or other method for positive diagnosis.If sleeve bearing machine and coupling misalignment balance the

rotor.

ErraticBearing responsible most likely the one nearest point of largest high-

frequency vibration.

ENTIFICATION



PROBLEM AREA ANALYTICAL INDICATIONS

Wrong Lubricant

*Change in viscosity, VI, flash point, additive

elements,FTIR spectra, TAN/TBN.

*Change in wear patterns.

Antioxidant Depletion

*Decreasing TAN,RBOT oxidation life, and Zn/P content.*Incrasing viscosity, TAN, particle count.

*FTIR: decreasing antioxidant, increasing oxidation,

sulphation, and/or nitration.

Dispersancy Failure

*FTIR, low TBN.

*Increasing particle count, pentane insolubles.

Defined inner spot on blotter test.

Base oil Deterioration

*Increasing viscosity, TAN, particle count, and/or ferrous

particles.

*Decreasing TBN.

*Change in VI and lower dielectric strength.

Water contamination

*Increasing viscosity, TAN, Ca, Ma, and/or Na.

*Rapid additive depletion/failure.

*Crackle test, VISA, KF,FTIR.

*Reduced dielectric strength.

*Blotter test: sharp or star burst periphery on inner spot.

Coolant contamination

*Increasing viscosity, copper, particle count, wear metal,

Na, B, and/or K.*FTIR: glycol.

*Crackle test, VISA, KF.

Fuel Dilution

*Low oil viscosity, flash point.

*Additive and wear metal dilution (elemental analysis).

*FTIR/gas chromatography for fuel.

*Rising particle count and wear metals.

Air Entrainment

*Increased viscosity, TAN, water, and/or FTIR for oxidation.

*Silicon defoamnt levels too high/low.*Blotter test: coke-like carbon on patch.

Abrasive wear conditions

*Increased silicon, aluminium, particle count and/or ferrous

particles.

*Water contamination.

*Ferrogram has cutting wear, silica particles.

OIL ANALYSIS DATA INTERPRETATION AN



Corrosive wear conditions

*Increased TAN, particle count, spectrographic iron & bearing

metals, water.

*Decrease in TBN.

*Ferrogram shows submicron debris at ferrogram tail, rust

particles, metal oxides.

Failed filter

*Increasing silicon/aluminium, particle count, ferrous particles,

and/or elemental iron.*Ferrogram show green looking particles, cutting wear, filter fibers.

Overheating

*Increasing ferrous particles, particle count, flash point, viscosity, or

oil specific gravity.

*Ferrogram shows frction polymers, oxides, bluing/tempering of

particles, sliding wear particles, bearing particles, e.g., babbitt.

Misalignment, Imbalance,

Overloading

*Ferrogram densely loaded with black-iron oxides, dark metallo

oxides, severe cutting and sliding wear, tempered particles,large

chunky particles, or bearing metals.

*Increase in viscosity, TAN, particle count, and/or ferrous particles.

*Depletion of Zn and P.

Impending failure of bearing,

gear, pump, etc

*Exponential increase in particle count and number of wear particle

concentration.

*Increase in iron or bearing metals.

*Ferrogram shows rate increase in spheres, dark metallo oxides,

particle bluing, spalling/chunks, severe sliding/galling particles,

cutting wear.



INSPECTION/SENSORY INDICATIONS

#Change in oil gage or bearing temperature.

#Bearing distress or noise.

#Hard turning of shaft.

#Oil darkening.#Pungent odor.

#Hot running.

#Filter inspection: sludge on media, filter in bypass.

#Black exhaust smoke.

#Deposites on rings and valves.

#Poor oil/water separability.

#Air entrainment/foaming.

#Pungent odor, sluge/varnish formation.

#Blotter spot yellow/brown, oil darkening.

#Oil clouding/opacity, water puddling/separating, sludging, foaming.

#Evidence of fretting wear/corrosion.

#Filter: paper is wavy, high pressure drop, short life. Ferrogram shows

rust.

#Valve stiction, orifice silting, bearing distress/failure, noisy

pump/bearings.

#Bearings dark charcoal color, distressed.

#Dispersancy failure, sludging, varnishing.#Blotter test: sticky, black center.

#Filter plugs prematurely, oil has mayonnaise consistency, white exhaust

smoke.

#Rising oil levels and oil gage temperatures.

#Blotter test: holo around center spot.

#Blue exhaust smoke (collapsed rings), plugged air filter, defective

injectors.

#Oil has diesel odor, overfueling conditions.

#Oil clouding/foaming, increase in oil gage temperature.

#Spongy/slow hydraulics, cavitaion of pump/bearing, noisy operation.

#Scratch marking or/po;ishing of frictional surfaces.

#Cutting wear on blotter/patch/filter media.

#Filter/breather/seal failure.

PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION



#Fretting, pitting and etching on contact surfaces.

#Transient electric currents, high engines blowby.

#Rust on patch or filter media.

#Valve slit lock, noisy bearings.

#Unchanging or high delta P of filter.#Frequent bearing failures, high levels of bottom sediment.

#Bearing distress/failure.

#Hot spots and high bearing metal temperature.

#Evidence of cooking/sludge.

#Burnt/rantic odor, high oil gage temperature.

#Engine lugging/stalling black exhaust.

#Raised oil, bearing metal, or jacket-water temperature.

#Dark, foul smelling oil, bearing distress/failure, hard turning of shaft.

#Abnormal vibration, noise.

#Blotter test: coke, metal chips.

#Metal chips on filter, highly loaded chip detectors.

#Shaft wooble, vibration, acoustic changes, blue exhaust smoke, hot spots, hard

turning shaft and/or high bearing metal temperatures.

#Patch/blotter shows coking.



Potential failure

mode(s)

Potential effects

of failure mode S e v e r i t y



R i s k P r i o r i t y

N u m b e r ( R P N )

Potential causes

of failure

O c c u r r e n c e

Present detection

systems D e t e c t i o n



Recommended

action

S e v e r i t y

O c c u r r e n c e

D e t e c t i o n

R P N

RESULTS



1 Application 1

UndercapacityOvercapacity

Incorrect physical conditions

(temperature, pressure, etc.)

Incorrect physical properties

(mol. Wt., etc.)

2

2 Specifications

Inadequate lubrication system

Insufficient control instrumentation

Improper coupling

Improper bearing

Improper seal

Insufficient shutdown devices

3 Material of construction

Corrosion and/or erosion 3

Rapid wear

Fatigue

Strength exceededGalling

Wrong hardening method

4 Design

Unsatisfactory piping support 4

Improper piping flexibility

Undersized piping

Inadequate foundation

Unsatisfactory soil data

Liquid ingestion

Inadequate liquid drain

Design error

CAUSES OF FAILURE

Design and specification responsibility



Material of construction 1

Flaw or defectImproper material

Improper treatment

Design

Improper specification

Wrong selection 2

Design error

Inadequate or wrong lubrication

Inadequate liquid drain

Critical speed

Inadequate strength

Inadequate controls and protective devices

Fabrication 3

Welding error

Improper heat treatment

Improper hardnessWrong surface finish

Imbalance

Lubricant passages not open

Assembly

Improper fit

Improper tolerances

Parts omitted

Parts in wrong

Parts/bolts not tight

Poor alignment

Imbalance

Inadequate bearing contact

Inadequate testing

Vendor Responsibility Ship



Preparation for shipment 1

Oil system not cleanInadequate drainage

Protective coating not applied

Wrong coating used

Equipment not cleaned 2

Protection

Insufficient protection

Corrosion by salt

Corrosion by rain or humidity 3

Poor packaging

Dessicant omitted

Contamination with dirt, etc

Physical damage

Loading damage

Transport damage

Insufficient supportUnloading damage

Iing and storage responsibility



Foundations 1

SettlingImproper or insufficient grouting

Cracking or separating

Piping 2

Misalignment

Inadequate cleaning

Inadequate support

Assembly

Misalignment

Assembly damage (crafts) 3

Defective material

Inadequate bolting

Connect wrong

Foreign material left in

General poor workmanship

4

5

nstallation Responsibility Opera



6

7



Shock 1

Thermal 2Mechanical

Improper startup

Operation

Slugs of liquid

Process surging

Control error

Controls deactivated or not put in service

Operating error

Auxiliaries

Utility Failure

Insufficient instrumentation

Electronic control failure

Pneumatic control failure

LubricationDirt in oil

Insufficient oil

wrong lubricant

Water in oil

Oil pump failure

Low oil pressure

Plugged lines

Improper filteration

Contaminated oil

Craftsmanship

Improper tolerances

Welding error

Improper surface finish

Improper fit

General poor workmanship

tion and Maintenance Responsibility Distr



Assembly

Mechanical damage

Parts in wrong

Parts omitted

Misalignment

Improper bolting

Imbalance

Piping stress

Foreign material left in

Wrong material of construction

Preventive Maintenance

Postponed

Schedule too long



Vibration

Short circuitOpen circuit

Sleeve bearing

Seal

Coupling

Shaft

Pinion gear

Bull gear

Turning gear

Casing

Rotor

Impeller

Shroud

Piston

Diaphragm

Wheel

Blades

Blade root

Blade shroud

Labyrinth

Thrust bearing

Pivoted pad bearing

Roller/ball bearing

Cross-head piston

Cylinder

crankshaft

ss, Damage, or Failed Componets

Allowable Field Vibration for Pump

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