Allies Become EnemiesBy the end of WW2, tensions between the US & USSR blossomed into a decades long conflict known as the Cold War.

Unit 4Lesson 8

Objectives

Explain why US-Soviet relations deteriorated after WWII.Summarize the steps taken to contain Soviet influence in the post war world.Describe the impact US foreign policy had on Cold War tensions.

Start with Project

You love the Cold War. You’re going to make a movie about it & you need a 60 to 90 second trailer to shop around to studios. What questions do you have?

Start with Project

What is your first step?

Start with Project

• What questions do you need to answer?• Who were the major players?• Who coined the term?• What was it?• When did it start and end?• Where was it fought?• Why did it occur?• How did the US respond?

Warm Up

What was the Cold War?

Competition for global power & influence b/t US & USSR after WW2.

Why did it occur?

1917- Bolshevik Revolution1919 – Treaty of Versailles1939- Non Aggression Pact1941- Germany Invades Russia1945- Yalta & Potsdam

Promises vs RealityAtomic “Secrets”“Satellite” nations & Soviet sphere of influence

Activity: Analyzing Post War Motiveso Experiences During War

o USSR – much death & destructiono US – costs much less

o Emotions After Waro USSR – feared another invasion…their sacrifices

meant more Euro influenceo US – feared totalitarian govts, communism….felt

involvement meant victory & dominant voice

o Needs After Waro USSR – rebuilding, protection (satellites)o US – free market democracies in Euro

Tension Mounts

1946- Churchill “iron curtain” speech

Dem Western EuroCom Eastern Euro

Containment

1946George F. KennanContain spread of communism1947 National Security Act

Dept of Defense• Natl Security Council

CIA

Truman Doctrine

March 1947Greece and Turkey

US support all free peoples resisting communism

$400 million in econ/military aid

Marshall Plan (Euro Recovery Program)

June 1947Sec of State George MarshallUS aid to ALL Euro nations for recoveryRussia and satellites decline…form

Council of Mutual Econ Assistance

A Divided Germany

Germany divided into 4 occupation zones:

US-GB-FR-USSR

1948 merge creates democratic W. GRM

W. Berlin caught in Soviet zone

Berlin Blockade & AirliftJune 1948

Soviets block Allied access to West Berlin

327 days, US and GB drop 2.3 million tons supplies in W. Berlin

May 1949Soviets lift blockade

NATO

April 4, 1949- US, CAN join 10 others to form North Atlantic Treaty Org

Mutual DefenseEcon/Military Aid

Activity: On Joining NATO

Warsaw Pact1955 Communist response to NATO

Mutual defense• USSR• ALB• BUL• Czech• E. GRM• HUN• POL• ROM

Activity:

Cold War Map