All living things share some basic properties. 1.Cellular Organization 2.Reproduction 3.Metabolism...
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Transcript of All living things share some basic properties. 1.Cellular Organization 2.Reproduction 3.Metabolism...
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All living things share some basic properties.All living things share some basic properties.
1.1. Cellular OrganizationCellular Organization
2.2. ReproductionReproduction
3.3. Metabolism (Obtain and Use Energy)Metabolism (Obtain and Use Energy)
4.4. HomeostasisHomeostasis
5.5. HeredityHeredity
6.6. ResponsivenessResponsiveness
7.7. Growth and DevelopmentGrowth and Development
8.8. Adapt Through EvolutionAdapt Through Evolution
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Unicellular OrganismsUnicellular OrganismsEntire organism is Entire organism is made up of one single cellmade up of one single cell
Bacteria and protistsBacteria and protists
Smallest unit capable of all life functionsSmallest unit capable of all life functions
1.
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Multicellular OrganismsMulticellular OrganismsThe organism is The organism is made up of many made up of many cellscells
Cells have specialized functions Cells have specialized functions within the organismwithin the organism
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Reproduction is the process of producing new Reproduction is the process of producing new organisms of the same typeorganisms of the same type
Asexual ReproductionAsexual ReproductionA single parentA single parent organism reproducing by itself organism reproducing by itself
2.
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Sexual ReproductionSexual ReproductionTwo different parentTwo different parent organisms contribute genetic organisms contribute genetic information information
Involves the combination of male and female sex Involves the combination of male and female sex cellscells
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Living organisms need energy to Living organisms need energy to grow, develop, repair damage, and grow, develop, repair damage, and reproducereproduce
3.
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AnabolismAnabolism
The process of The process of building upbuilding up complex substances complex substances from simpler substancesfrom simpler substances
Building up cells and cellular components
Photosynthesis
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CatabolismCatabolism
The process of The process of breaking downbreaking down complex complex substances into simpler substances to release substances into simpler substances to release energyenergy
DigestionDigestion
Cellular RespirationCellular Respiration
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MetabolismMetabolism
The The total of all chemical reactionstotal of all chemical reactions in in an organisman organism Anabolism + Catabolism = MetabolismAnabolism + Catabolism = Metabolism
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A A stable statestable state of conditions in the body that of conditions in the body that are necessary for lifeare necessary for life
Body temperatureBody temperature
Blood volumeBlood volume
pH balancepH balance
Water balanceWater balance
4.
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Genes carry hereditary information
Genes are composed of DNA
Heredity is the reason children resemble their parents
Mutations change DNA code and can be passed from generation to generation
5.
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Organisms react to stimuli:Organisms react to stimuli:
LightLight
TemperatureTemperature
OdourOdour
Sound Sound
GravityGravity
HeatHeat
WaterWater
PressurePressure
An example is a plant’s An example is a plant’s leaves and stems growing leaves and stems growing toward lighttoward light
6.
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Growth means to get bigger in sizeGrowth means to get bigger in size
7.
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Development involves a change in the Development involves a change in the physical form or physiological make-up of physical form or physiological make-up of an organisman organism
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AdaptationAdaptation
A process that enables A process that enables organisms to become organisms to become better better suited to their environmentsuited to their environment
Species obtain adaptations Species obtain adaptations through through evolutionevolution over great over great periods of timeperiods of time
8.
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An Example of AdaptationAn Example of Adaptation
Desert plants have succulent waxy leaves and Desert plants have succulent waxy leaves and stems to store water and reduce water lossstems to store water and reduce water loss
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There are 6 kingdoms:
1. Archaebacteria
2. Eubacteria
3. Protista
4. Fungi
5. Plantae
6. Animalia
All living things are classified into groups called “Kingdoms”
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Classifying KingdomsNutrition
# of cells
Reproduction
Heterotrophic-consumes living or dead organisms to obtain energy
Asexual-offspring produced from a single parent (genetically identical to parent
Autotrophic-uses sun’s energy-makes own food
Unicellular-one cell
Multicellular-more than one cell
Sexual-production of offspring from fusion of 2 sex cells (offspring differ from parents)
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Classifying Kingdoms
Habitat
Cell Type
Prokaryotic Eukaryotic
-where does the organism live?
-circular chromosome
-no membrane bound organelles (e.g. no true nucleus)
-very small (less than 2 um)
-reproduce by binary fission
-double stranded chromosomes in nucleus-membrane bound organelles-larger (10-100 um)-reproduce by mitosis or meiosis