Alkanoic Acids
-
Upload
blake-walls -
Category
Documents
-
view
26 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Alkanoic Acids
Alkanoic AcidsAlkanoic Acids
• They look like alkanes but contain a carboxyl (COOH) group.
• Same names as alkanes but end in “oic”.
e.g. first alkanoic acid is METHANOIC ACID.
e.g. Full structural formula
HCOOH
Or
HCO2H
Shortened structural formula
Carboxyl functional group
Name of alkanoic acid
Molecular formula
Full structural formula
Shortened structural formula
Methanoic acid
HCOOH
Ethanoic acid
CH3COOH
Propanoic acid
C2H5COOH
Butanoic acid
C3H7COOH
HCOOH
CH3COOH
CH3CH2COOH
CH3CH2CH2COOH or
CH3(CH2)2COOH
Name of alkanoic acid
Molecular formula
Full structural formula
Shortened structural formula
Pentanoic acid
C4H9COOH
Hexanoic acid
C5H11COOH
Heptanoic acid
C6H13COOH
Octanoic acid
C7H15COOH
CH3-(CH2)3-COOH
CH3-(CH2)4-COOH
CH3-(CH2)5-COOH
CH3-(CH2)6-COOH
Naming Alkanoic AcidsNaming Alkanoic Acids
Rules1.Count the number of atoms in the
carbon chain to give the name of the parent alkanol.
2. Remove the –ol ending of the parent alkanol and replace it by –oic acid.