Introduction Progress in NICA project preparation Progress in MPD project preparation
A.Litvinenko VBLHEP JINR 1 The Current status of the MPD@NICA Project at JINR A.Litvinenko for...
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A.Litvinenko VBLHEP JINR
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The Current status of the MPD@NICA Project
at JINR
A.Litvinenko for MPD@NICA collaboration
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A.Litvinenko VBLHEP JINR
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MPD@NICA Project
(
The Multi Purpose Detector(MPD) is designed to studyHeavy Ion collisions at the Nuclotron-based heavy IonCollider fAcility(NICA) at JINR, Dubna.
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MotivationObservablesDetector conceptionSimulation of some tasksConclusionsConclusions
OutlineOutline
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MPD@NICA Project
(
The Multi Purpose Detector(MPD) is designed to studyHeavy Ion collisions at the Nuclotron-based heavy IonCollider fAcility(NICA) at JINR, Dubna.
Colliding nuclei up to the Au
Energy
Luminosity
GeV 11÷ 4 = SNN
-1-227 s cm 10= L(AuAu)
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http://nica.jinr.ru/
http://nica.jinr.ru/files/CDR_MPD/MPD_CDR_en.pdf
http://nica.jinr.ru/files/WhitePaper.pdf
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NICASYNCHROPHASOTRON
NUCLOTRONFix. Targ.
Experiments
MPD
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MPD general view
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Some historyE
nerg
y
Time
;GeV=S;AGS NN 5
GeV=S;SPS NN 17
GeV=S;RHIC NN 200
TeV 2.76=SLHC;NN
NA-49NA-61
NICA
PHENIX
STAR
CBMGeV 11÷ 4 SNN =
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Why the initial energy ?GeV 11÷ 4 = SNN
Parameter of Fireball (Parameters of exited hadronic matter)
1. Baryon density
2. Energy density (Bjorken equation)
3 GeV/fm=ε;GeV=S;Au+Au:AGSBjNN 1.5 5
3 GeV/fm 2.9 17 =ε;GeV=S;Pb+Pb:SPSBjNN
3 5.4 200 fm/GeV=ε;GeV=S;Au+Au:RHICBjNN
Energy density increases with increasing initial energyBaryon density decreases with increasing initial energy
dy
dE
Sτ=
Sdy
mdN=)τ(ε T
.Form
T.FormBj
1
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dy
dE
SSdy
mdNT
Form
TFormBj
..
1)(
PHOBOS DATA
Energy densitydensity of charged hadrons
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Baryon charge of fireball can be obtained from net-proton distribution
Net protons = ∑ )p-(p
By the way, is often used Stopping power
and
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Lattice QCD
GeV17.0Tc
F. Karsch, Lecture Notes in Physics 583 (2002) 209.
RHIC Energy
Small baryon density
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Rough estimation – ideal mass less gas
Bosons -- 1- degree of freedom:
423
02
4B T
301)T/exp(d
1).Fm(
8
7T
301)T/exp(d
1).Fm( 4
23
02
4F
Fermions -- 1- degree of freedom:
2 quarks
3 quarks
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42
42
3037
30}82
87
3222{ TTcscqsfSB
42
42
305.47
30}82
87
3223{ TTcscqsfSB
For
GeVTc 17.0
3/ 26.12 fmGeVN SBf 3/ 6.13 fmGeVN SBf
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Creation of the deconfirment QGP state in heavy-ion collisions,
Kind of transition depends on the net baryon density
high baryon density first order transition to QGP
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The horn in strangeness yield NA-49 data
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There is experimental indication on singularity at NICA energy The initial energy scan is necessary for determination of EoS parameters It is interesting to know where is critical point The first order transition can give many interesting signals including signals from mixed phase.
Conclusions I
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Nuclei collisions complicated process. To study it we need a lot of observables.
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19
Space-time structure of heavy ions collisions
kinetic freeze-out(no collisions)
Chemical freeze-out(no particles production)
Parton-parton interaction
Initial inelastic collisionsworld line
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Observables
Particles ratios temperature and chemical potential at Chemical Freezeout
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Observables
Particle spectra temperature and expansion velosityat Kinematic Freezeout
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elliptic flowelliptic flow
Coordinate space asymmetry momentum space anisotropy
22x
22x
2 y
y
pp
ppv
Space eccentricity Elliptic flow
...)2cos2cos21(2
121
vv
d
dN
22
22
yy
xx
Observables
Flows equilibrium time, EoS ….
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Observables
No hard collisions at small energy
Fluctuations: Multiplicities, Particle Ratios, mean pT …
Fluctuations from 1st order transition have to be more strong
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General view of the MPD
CD-central parts, (FS-A, FS-B) - two forward spectrometers (optional).Superconductor solenoid (SC Coil) and magnet yoke, inner detector (IT), straw-tube tracker
(ECT), time-projection chamber (TPC), time-of-flight stop counters (TOF), electromagnetic calorimeter (ECal), fast forward detectors (FFD), beam-beam counter (BBC), and zero degree
calorimeter(ZDC).
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Central Detector of MPD with based dimensions
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MPD pseudorapidity coverage.
The barrel part
21.|η| The endcaps
221 |η|.(FS-A and FS-B) 32 |η|
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Magnet of MPD
Distribution of the magnetic induction
T .Bz 50
The field inhomogeneity in the tracker area of the detector is about 0.1%.
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Detector simulation software packagesThe software framework for the MPD experiment (MpdRoot) is based on the object oriented framework FairRoot and provides a powerful tool for detector performance studies, development of algorithms for reconstruction and physics analysis of the data.
http://mpd.jinr.ru
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Time projection chamber (TPC)
Schematic view
(tracking, PID)
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Time projection chamber (TPC)
Simulation view of TPC in the MpdRoot.
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Time projection chamber (TPC)
Tracks reconstruction
Charge particle tracks in the TPC volume for a central Au + Au collisionUrQMD 2.3
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Time projection chamber (TPC)
Particle identification
Separation of particles in the TPC by ionization loss 21.|η|
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Inner Tracker System
(vertex reconstruction, secondary vertex reconstruction)
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Hyperons identification
Inner Tracker System
-- K
TPCTPC + ITS
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Time of Flight System (ToF)
PID (0.1–2 GeV/c) – ToF + TPC
Multigap Resistive Plate Counters (MRPC)
Barrel of TOF system
Distribution of RPC elements in the barrel
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Time of Flight System (ToF)
PID with TOF and TPC
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Electromagnetic calorimeter
The “shashlyk” type calorimeter
Detector sector
sampling Pb(0.5 mm) + Sc(1.5 mm) (170 layers)
ECAL detector.
) (0.8 X Iλ016
the “shashlyk” calorimeter module
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Electromagnetic probes provide information about:
Early stage of collision
Temperature evolution of the system from its formation to thermal
freez-out
Comparison of resonanses properties as seen in dielectron
and hadronic decay channels in Au+Au collisions
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The importance of the centrality classification
elliptic flow scaling with space eccentricity short equlibration time
Space eccentricityElliptic flow
...)+φcos+φcos+(π
=φd
dN2221
2
121 vv
ε=A 2
2
v
Nuclear Physics A V757, No. 1-2 , p.184,2005
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LAQGSM, Sqrt(S)=5 GeV
Total kinetic energy of all nucleonsand fragments directed to ZDC
URQMD, Sqrt(S)=5 GeV
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The centrality determination: ZDC + number tracks in TPC
GeV 9 =SNN GeV 5 SNN =
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Reaction plane peconstruction 44
Position of extZDC within MPD set-up
extZDC
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Reaction plane peconstruction 45
Methods of reaction plane reconstruction
ixi
iyinuclR pw
pw
,
,, arctan
Method 1:
it
iyi
ii
iinuclR p
p
w
w
,
,, sin;cos
sinarctan
Method 2:
• Using 1-st Fourier harmonics → directed flow in a collision in Lab frame:
22
22
)(1)(1
)()()(
RnuclR
RRnuclR
nuclR
R
→ combine measurements for η<0 and η>0 to improve precision, study as a function of impact parameter b
→ Optimize weight wi to increase sensitivity to RP
b
φR
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Reaction plane peconstruction 46
Directed Flow v1 vs Rapidity y
UrQMD QGSM
nucleons π-mesons
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Reaction plane peconstruction 47
Extended ZDC detector
Simulation of extended ZDC within mpdroot:
• L = 120 (60, 40) cm
• 5 < R < 61 cm, z0=270 cm, 1<θ<12.5o (2.2<η<4.8)
• dcell = 5x5,10x10 cm
• wi=Σ Evis in active layers of 1 module → use methods 1 and 2 for RP reconstruction
• No π vs p/ion identification
• Geant 4 , QGSP_BIC physics model
dcell = 5x5 cm, 420 cells in each side of MPD
dcell = 10x10 cm, 121 cells in each side of MPD
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Reaction plane reconstruction 48
Resolution δφRP and <cos δφRP> vs b
Effects of ZDC cell size and length, beam energy and interaction model
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Polarization observables at MPD. one example
Analyzing powers Ayy of the reactions:
D = + ↑p
↑n
S wave D wave
p
n
X A
XA
D
p
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Experimental data
C.E.Allgower et al., Phys.Rev. D 65 ,092008, (2002) Simulation for MPD
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Experimental data
C.E.Allgower et al., Phys.Rev. D 65 ,092008, (2002)(22 GeV)
Simulation for MPD
D.L. Adams et al., Phys. Lett. B 264, 462 (1991)200 GeV
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MPD Collaboration
Joint Institute for Nuclear ResearchKh.U.Abraamyan, S.V.Afanasiev, V.S.Alfeev, N.Anfimov, D.Arkhipkin, P.Zh.Aslanyan, A.V.Averyanov, V.A.Babkin, S.N.Bazylev, D.Blaschke, D.N.Bogoslovsky, I.V.Boguslavski, A.V.Butenko, V.V.Chalyshev, S.P.Chernenko, Vl.F.Chepurnov, l.F.Chepurnov, G.A.Cheremukhina, I.E.Chirikov-Zorin, D.E.Donetz, K.Davkov, V.Davkov, D.K.Dryablov, D.Drnojan, V.B.Dunin, L.G.Efimov, A.A.Efremov, E.Egorov, D.D.Emelyanov, O.V.Fateev, Yu.I.Fedotov, A.V.Friesen, O.P.Gavrischuk, K.V.Gertsenberger, V.M.Golovatyuk, I.N.Goncharov, N.V.Gorbunov, Yu.A.Gornushkin, N.Grigalashvili, A.V.Guskov, A.Yu.Isupov, V.N.Jejer, M.G.Kadykov, M.Kapishin, A.O.Kechechyan, V.D.Kekelidze, G.D.Kekelidze, H.G.Khodzhibagiyan, Yu.T.Kiryushin, V.I.Kolesnikov, A.M.Korotkova, A.D.Kovalenko, N.D.Krahotin, Z.V.Krumshtein, N.A.Kuz’min, R.Lednicky, A.G.Litvinenko, E.I.Litvinenko, Yu.Yu.Lobanov, S.P.Lobastov, V.M.Lysan, L.Lytkin, J.Lukstins, V.M.Lucenko, D.T.Madigozhin, A.I.Malakhov, I.N.Meshkov, V.V.Mialkovski, I.I.Migulina, N.A.Molokanova, S.A.Movchan, Yu.A.Murin, G.J.Musulmanbekov, D.Nikitin, V.A.Nikitin, A.G.Olshevski, V.F.Peresedov, D.V.Peshekhonov, V.D.Peshekhonov, I.A.Polenkevich, Yu.K.Potrebenikov, V.S.Pronskikh, A.M.Raportirenko, S.V.Razin, O.V.Rogachevsky, A.B.Sadovsky, Z.Sadygov, R.A.Salmin, A.A.Savenkov,W.Scheinast, S.V.Sergeev, B.G.Shchinov, A.V.Shabunov, A.O.Sidorin, I.V.Slepnev, V.M.Slepnev, I.P.Slepov, A.S.Sorin, O.V.Teryaev, V.V.Tichomirov, V.D.Toneev, N.D.Topilin, G.V.Trubnikov, I.A.Tyapkin, N.M.Vladimirova, A.S.Vodop’yanov, S.V.Volgin, A.S.Yukaev, V.I.Yurevich, Yu.V.Zanevsky, A.I.Zinchenko, V.N.Zrjuev, Yu.R.Zulkarneeva
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MPD Collaboration
Institute for Nuclear Research, RAS, RFV.A.Matveev, M.B.Golubeva, F.F.Guber, A.P.Ivashkin, L.V.Kravchuck, A.B.Kurepin, .L.Karavicheva, A.I.Maevskaya, A.I.Reshetin, E.A.Usenko
Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Moscow State UniversityE.E.Boos, V.L.Korotkikh, I.P.Lokhtin, L.V.Malinina, M.M.Merkin, S.V.Petrushanko, L.I.Sarycheva, A.M.Snigirev, A.G.Voronin
Institute for Theoretical Experimental Physics, Moscow, RussiaO.A.Denisovskaia, K.R.Mikhailov, P.A.Polozov, M.S.Prokudin, G.B.Sharkov, A.V.Stavinskiy, V.L.Stolin, S.S.Tolstoukhov
St.Petersburg State UniversityS.Igolkin, G.Feofilov, V.Zherebchevskiy, V.Lazarev
Institute for Nuclear Reseach & Nuclear Energy BAS, Sofia, BulgariaI.Stamenov, I.Geshkov
Institute for Scintillation Materials, Kharkov, UkraineD.A.Bliznyuk, B.V.Grinyov, P.N.Zhmurin
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MPD Collaboration
State Enterprise Scientific & Technology Research Institute for Apparatusconstruction, Kharkov, Ukraine
V.N.Borshchov, O.M.Listratenko, M.A.Protsenko, I.T.Tymchuk
Particle Physics Center of Belarusian State UniversityN.M.Shumeiko, F.Zazulia
Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, ChinaCheng Li, Hongfang Chen, Ming Shao, Xiaoliang Wang, Yongjie Sun, Zebo Tang
Physics Institute Az.AS, AzerbaidjanO.Abdinov, M.Suleimanov
”Neva-Magnet” S&E, ltd, St-Petersburg, RussiaT.K.Koshurnikov
"HORIA HULUBEI National Institute of R&D for Physics and Nuclear Engineering", IFIN-HH, Bucharest, ROMANIAM.Apostol, F.Constantin, I.Cruceru, M.Cruceru
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Conclusuions II
Simulations and R&D are in a progress There is a big collaboration around the MPD project ZDC, ECAL and ToF prototypes are ready for the beam test Welcome to MPD Collaboration
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Thank you
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Backup slidesBackup slides
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A conceptual design of the Multi-Purpose Detector to be built for the heavy-ion experimental program at JINR (Dubna) has been briefly described. The MPD comprises a tracking system based on TPC and ITS built of double-sided silicon microstrip detectors. Identification of charged hadrons is performed by a time-of-flight system based on mRPC technology; electrons and gammas are detected by a shashlyk-type electromagnetic calorimeter.
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NICA Physics. Electromagnetic probes (dileptons)
60
Changes of the particle properties (broadening of spectral functions)in hot and dense medium. NICA is well situated to study in-medium effects due to highest baryon densities.
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
Rat
io
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 mee (GeV/c2)
PLB 666 (2008) 425
HSD model : ratio of modified by medium to free di-electron spectra
Energy range (NICA): Onset of the low-mass pair enhancement. Study the effect under highest baryon density conditions
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Lattice QCD
GeV17.0Tc
F. Karsch, Lecture Notes in Physics 583 (2002) 209.
RHIC Energy
Small baryon density
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42
42
3037
30}82
87
3222{ TTcscqsfSB
42
42
305.47
30}82
87
3223{ TTcscqsfSB
For
GeVTc 17.0
3/ 26.12 fmGeVN SBf 3/ 6.13 fmGeVN SBf
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Rough estimation – ideal mass less gas
Bosons -- 1- degree of freedom:
423
02
4B T
301)T/exp(d
1).Fm(
8
7T
301)T/exp(d
1).Fm( 4
23
02
4F
Fermions -- 1- degree of freedom:
2 quarks
3 quarks
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Why the collisions of heavy nuclei are interesting?
Let us see on the space–time picture of collision
pre-collision QGP (?) and parton production
hadron production
hadron reinteraction
QCD phase diagram
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Observables
Correlation Femtoscopy (HBT) space-time characteristics
Weak energy dependence centrality 0-5%
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Observables
No hard collisions at small energy
Hard processes ( Jet Quenching, resonances melting)
Fluctuations: Multiplicities, Particle Ratios, mean pT …
Fluctuations from 1st order transition have to be more stronge
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Centrality determination in some experiment
y=0 y=3y>6
STARPHENIXNA49
NA49 ZDC Only
STAR TPC only
PHENIX BBC & ZDC
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Observables and space time structureObservables and space time structure of of Heavy ion collisionsHeavy ion collisions
Production of hard particles: jets heavy quarks direct photonsCalculable with the tools of perturbative QCD
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Observables and space time structureObservables and space time structure of of Heavy ion collisionsHeavy ion collisions
Production of semi-hard particles: gluons, light quarks relatively small momentum: make up for most of the multilplicity
cGeVpT / 21
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Observables and space time structureObservables and space time structure of of Heavy ion collisionsHeavy ion collisions
Thermalizationexperiment suggest a fast thermalization (remember elliptic flow)but this is still not undestood from QCD
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Observables and space time structureObservables and space time structure of of Heavy ion collisionsHeavy ion collisions
Quark gluon plasma
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Observables and space time structureObservables and space time structure of of Heavy ion collisionsHeavy ion collisions
Hot hadron gas
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Particle ratio and sParticle ratio and statistical modelstatistical models
These models reproduce the ratios of particle yields with only two parameters
One assumes that particles are produced by a thermalized system with temperature T and baryon chemical potential
The number of particles of mass m per unit volume is :
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TIME = 0 fm/c, 0.7
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TIME = 1 fm/c, 0.6
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TIME = 2 fm/c, 0.5
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TIME = 3 fm/c, 0.3
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Alexander Kozlov QM’05(For the PHENIX collaboration)
Comparison of Φ meson properties as seen in dielectron and hadronicdecay channels in Au+Au collisions by PHENIX at RHIC
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Electron pairs.
82
PLB 666 (2008) 425
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Electromagnetic calorimeter
Neutrons in addition to electrons and Photons
The efficiency of neutron registration as function
of neutron kinetic energy.Relative resolution for neutron momentum
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Baryon charge of fireball can be obtained from net-proton distribution
Stopping power
Net protons ∑ )pp(=protonsnet --