2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 28111 • Number of Households: 10,885Median Household Income: 34,709 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 9.9% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 33% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 24% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ADAMS COUNTY

25% 22% 24% 24%

29% 30% 31% 33%

46% 48% 45% 43%

10,878 10,870 10,734 10,885

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

lds

390011

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

26% 32% 13%

32%

24% 42%

42%

44% 45%

4,781

3,121 2,983

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390012

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Adams County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $467 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $149 $448Taxes $220 $463

Monthly Total $1,636 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $19,632 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.82 $29.59

$27,372

$27,168

$24,984

$21,672

$63,324

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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390013

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Adams County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bratton 570 52%

Brush Creek 419 65%

Franklin 464 56%

Green 306 62%

Jefferson 448 71%

Liberty 702 45%

Manchester 843 66%

Meigs 1,510 61%

Monroe 363 73%

Oliver 379 67%

Scott 722 50%

Sprigg 786 37%

Tiffin 2,202 62%

Wayne 498 48%

Winchester 673 48%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 103742 • Number of Households: 39,982Median Household Income: 47,592 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.7% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 31% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 16% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ALLEN COUNTY

17% 19% 18% 16%

26% 24% 32% 31%

57% 57% 50% 53%

40,615 40,366 39,412 39,982

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

lds

390031

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

19% 18% 9%

30%

29% 33%

51%

53% 58%

18,235

11,058 10,689

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390032

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Allen County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $505 $678Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $154 $476Taxes $230 $533

Monthly Total $1,689 $5,237ANNUAL TOTAL $20,268 $62,844Hourly Wage $10.13 $31.42

$29,112

$34,860

$37,800

$27,840

$43,308

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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390033

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Allen County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Amanda 716 29%

American 5,878 40%

Auglaize 924 46%

Bath 3,630 49%

Jackson 1,113 29%

Lima city 14,051 66%

Marion 2,696 41%

Monroe 864 37%

Perry 1,377 53%

Richland 2,390 31%

Shawnee 4,760 30%

Spencer 1,160 51%

Sugar Creek 480 30%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 53343 • Number of Households: 20,391Median Household Income: 48,509 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 5.7% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ASHLAND COUNTY

15% 13% 13% 13%

26% 28% 28% 30%

59% 59% 59% 57%

20,083 20,261 20,339 20,391

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

lds

390051

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

12% 21% 9%

34% 24%

31%

54%

55% 60%

8,894

5,760 5,737

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390052

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Ashland County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $453 $664Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $147 $474Taxes $217 $529

Monthly Total $1,617 $5,217ANNUAL TOTAL $19,404 $62,604Hourly Wage $9.70 $31.30

$28,164

$31,308

$30,960

$35,616

$43,704

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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390053

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Ashland County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Ashland city 8,201 53%

Clear Creek 630 36%

Green 1,484 51%

Hanover 1,088 47%

Jackson 1,277 38%

Lake 201 22%

Mifflin 475 28%

Milton 776 46%

Mohican 778 32%

Montgomery 1,024 24%

Orange 896 44%

Perry 872 35%

Ruggles 293 10%

Sullivan 877 36%

Troy 420 29%

Vermillion 1,099 36%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 98231 • Number of Households: 38,728Median Household Income: 42,965 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.6% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 18% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ASHTABULA COUNTY

15% 18% 20% 18%

32% 31% 31% 30%

53% 51% 49% 52%

38,078 39,008 38,891 38,728

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

lds

390071

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

22% 23%

9%

30%

28% 34%

48%

49% 57%

17,221

10,086 11,421

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390072

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Ashtabula County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $474 $712Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $150 $481Taxes $222 $545

Monthly Total $1,646 $5,288ANNUAL TOTAL $19,752 $63,456Hourly Wage $9.88 $31.73

$26,340

$29,172

$31,224

$44,448

$41,592

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Ashtabula County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Andover 1,111 52%

Ashtabula 8,286 68%

Austinburg 834 42%

Cherry Valley 509 53%

Colebrook 337 55%

Conneaut city 4,799 58%

Denmark 333 34%

Dorset 309 65%

Geneva 4,493 52%

Harpersfield 986 35%

Hartsgrove 410 27%

Jefferson 1,895 43%

Kingsville 671 46%

Lenox 509 40%

Monroe 794 55%

Morgan 680 30%

New Lyme 358 40%

North Kingsville village 1,167 33%

Orwell 1,171 54%

Pierpont 370 46%

Plymouth 777 31%

Richmond 377 62%

Rome 889 40%

Saybrook 4,433 47%

Sheffield 489 24%

Trumbull 442 41%

Wayne 217 28%

Williamsfield 557 45%

Windsor 597 42%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 66186 • Number of Households: 21,732Median Household Income: 36,193 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 5.6% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 35% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 26% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ATHENS COUNTY

27% 30% 31% 26%

30% 30% 29% 35%

43% 40% 40% 39%

21,782 22,023 22,208 21,732

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

lds

390091

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

24% 33% 23%

43%

28% 21%

33%

39% 56%

12,132

4,643 4,957

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390092

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Athens County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $550 $727Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $159 $483Taxes $244 $550

Monthly Total $1,753 $5,310ANNUAL TOTAL $21,036 $63,720Hourly Wage $10.52 $31.86

$23,616

$23,160

$28,152

$26,892

$44,004

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

Small Firms Large Firms

Num

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390093

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Athens County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Alexander 1,142 56%

Ames 539 44%

Athens 9,252 68%

Bern 198 47%

Canaan 750 61%

Carthage 546 62%

Dover 1,520 70%

Lee 1,044 50%

Lodi 491 58%

Rome 485 51%

Trimble 1,605 70%

Troy 970 50%

Waterloo 1,072 65%

York 2,714 70%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 45871 • Number of Households: 18,231Median Household Income: 55,914 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 4% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 9% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN AUGLAIZE COUNTY

7% 10% 9% 9%

20% 23% 21%

29%

73% 67% 70% 62%

18,287 18,418 18,115 18,231

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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390111

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

8% 12% 9%

31%

19% 36%

61%

69% 55%

8,195

5,010 5,026

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390112

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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OHIO

Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Auglaize County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $482 $679Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $151 $531Taxes $224 $673

Monthly Total $1,657 $5,845ANNUAL TOTAL $19,884 $70,140Hourly Wage $9.94 $35.07

$27,516

$32,700

$29,388

$48,288

$48,108

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

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Auglaize County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Clay 288 20%

Duchouquet 5,867 43%

German 1,552 32%

Goshen 218 24%

Jackson 1,363 26%

Logan 476 29%

Moulton 569 33%

Noble 717 24%

Pusheta 491 29%

Salem 216 31%

St. Marys 4,449 48%

Union 724 34%

Washington 735 26%

Wayne 566 38%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 68673 • Number of Households: 27,240Median Household Income: 48,220 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.3% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 16% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN BELMONT COUNTY

14% 15% 16% 16%

27% 19% 32% 30%

59% 66% 52% 54%

28,228 28,549 27,205 27,240

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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390131

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

14% 24% 13%

29%

19% 41%

57%

57%

46%

12,507

6,553

8,180

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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390132

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Belmont County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $518 $658Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $529Taxes $234 $666

Monthly Total $1,707 $5,815ANNUAL TOTAL $20,484 $69,780Hourly Wage $10.24 $34.89

$26,868

$30,192

$35,412

$41,232

$40,764

0

2,000

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6,000

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Belmont County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Colerain 1,805 44%

Flushing 776 46%

Goshen 1,283 57%

Kirkwood 114 59%

Mead 2,540 44%

Pease 6,172 62%

Pultney 3,625 56%

Richland 4,908 35%

Smith 613 46%

Somerset 536 53%

Union 843 39%

Warren 2,295 55%

Washington 207 63%

Wayne 166 34%

Wheeling 673 40%

York 1,176 53%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 44059 • Number of Households: 17,047Median Household Income: 47,999 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 8% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 26% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 15% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN BROWN COUNTY

12% 14% 15% 15%

27% 33% 28% 26%

61% 53% 57% 59%

15,977 16,501 16,587 17,047

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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390151

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

12% 25% 12%

30%

17% 29%

58%

58% 59%

8,139

4,393 4,515

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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390152

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Brown County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $439 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $145 $448Taxes $213 $463

Monthly Total $1,597 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $19,164 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.58 $29.59

$25,056

$24,348

$29,784

$26,592

$54,180

0

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1,000

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2,000

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3,000

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Brown County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Byrd 360 22%

Clark 1,386 36%

Eagle 637 46%

Franklin 694 34%

Green 1,239 50%

Huntington 1,174 55%

Jackson 541 23%

Jefferson 446 36%

Lewis 999 38%

Perry 1,785 27%

Pike 1,536 37%

Pleasant 2,231 54%

Scott 372 31%

Sterling 1,571 37%

Union 1,199 56%

Washington 877 55%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 377537 • Number of Households: 137,314Median Household Income: 63,273 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 5.2% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 12% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN BUTLER COUNTY

13% 12% 13% 12%

24% 26% 24% 30%

63% 62% 63% 58%

135,400 132,861 134,613 137,314

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

lds

390171

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

11% 16% 9%

36%

20% 31%

53%

64%

60%

64,461

41,013

31,840

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390172

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Butler County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $509 $787Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $154 $546Taxes $231 $709

Monthly Total $1,694 $6,004ANNUAL TOTAL $20,328 $72,048Hourly Wage $10.16 $36.02

$35,712

$35,040

$43,356

$39,936

$46,980

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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390173

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Butler County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Fairfield 7,514 26%

Fairfield city 16,824 43%

Hamilton city 24,325 61%

Hanover 2,882 31%

Lemon 5,134 36%

Liberty 11,531 19%

Madison 3,179 42%

Middletown city 18,539 67%

Milford 1,251 36%

Morgan 1,957 32%

Oxford 6,767 60%

Reily 1,086 38%

Ross 2,983 29%

St. Clair 2,577 50%

Trenton city 4,209 42%

Wayne 1,712 43%

West Chester 22,630 30%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 28108 • Number of Households: 10,871Median Household Income: 48,545 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.7% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 12% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN CARROLL COUNTY

13% 16% 14% 12%

22% 28% 28% 29%

65% 56% 58% 59%

11,453 11,226 10,922 10,871

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

lds

390191

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

11% 20% 8%

33%

22% 30%

56%

58% 62%

4,968

2,689

3,214

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390192

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Carroll County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $422 $684Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $143 $477Taxes $208 $535

Monthly Total $1,573 $5,246ANNUAL TOTAL $18,876 $62,952Hourly Wage $9.44 $31.48

$26,028

$34,644

$48,072

$41,256

$42,600

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Carroll County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Augusta 621 46%

Brown 2,980 44%

Center 1,873 44%

East 295 36%

Fox 341 48%

Harrison 894 37%

Lee 413 36%

Loudon 323 42%

Monroe 908 43%

Orange 524 34%

Perry 446 53%

Rose 543 28%

Union 321 39%

Washington 389 47%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 39175 • Number of Households: 15,162Median Household Income: 53,673 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 7.2% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 25% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 10% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN CHAMPAIGN COUNTY

11% 12% 10% 10%

25% 22% 22% 25%

64% 66% 68% 65%

15,117 15,075 15,163 15,162

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

lds

390211

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

9% 17% 6%

25% 19% 33%

66%

64% 61%

6,961

4,105 4,096

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390212

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Champaign County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $406 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $141 $448Taxes $204 $463

Monthly Total $1,551 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $18,612 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.31 $29.59

$26,232

$32,064

$39,984

$40,404

$44,760

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Champaign County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Adams 332 23%

Concord 528 30%

Goshen 1,325 23%

Harrison 327 15%

Jackson 958 28%

Johnson 1,278 32%

Mad River 1,008 25%

Rush 954 34%

Salem 881 27%

Union 762 8%

Urbana 6,158 50%

Wayne 651 26%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 134786 • Number of Households: 54,548Median Household Income: 46,811 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.9% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 28% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 14% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN CLARK COUNTY

18% 18% 17% 14%

27% 31% 31% 28%

55% 51% 52% 58%

55,459 54,288 55,199 54,548

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

lds

390231

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

12% 20% 11%

30% 26% 28%

58%

54% 61%

24,607

13,838

16,103

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390232

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Clark County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $495 $681Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $152 $477Taxes $227 $534

Monthly Total $1,674 $5,242ANNUAL TOTAL $20,088 $62,904Hourly Wage $10.04 $31.45

$29,964

$34,272

$35,124

$32,340

$36,684

0

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15,000

20,000

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Clark County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bethel 6,693 43%

German 2,970 33%

Green 1,045 28%

Harmony 1,304 33%

Mad River 4,595 32%

Madison 1,116 50%

Moorefield 5,283 30%

Pike 1,442 28%

Pleasant 1,167 34%

Springfield 4,592 30%

Springfield city 24,474 59%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 203022 • Number of Households: 77,925Median Household Income: 60,661 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 3.8% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 23% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 11% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN CLERMONT COUNTY

9% 11% 10% 11%

25% 26% 25% 23%

66% 63% 65% 66%

71,884 75,465 75,561 77,925

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390251

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

12% 12% 10%

27%

18% 23%

61%

70% 67%

35,697

22,487 19,741

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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390252

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Clermont County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $509 $787Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $154 $546Taxes $231 $709

Monthly Total $1,694 $6,004ANNUAL TOTAL $20,328 $72,048Hourly Wage $10.16 $36.02

$33,060

$38,640

$39,108

$44,952

$47,292

0

5,000

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20,000

25,000

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Clermont County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Batavia 8,682 38%

Franklin 1,519 40%

Goshen 5,713 45%

Jackson 1,052 45%

Loveland city 702 32%

Miami 14,807 23%

Milford city 3,009 52%

Monroe 2,924 42%

Ohio 1,983 39%

Pierce 5,644 25%

Stonelick 2,375 38%

Tate 3,427 37%

Union 18,857 36%

Washington 761 47%

Wayne 1,824 46%

Williamsburg 1,957 39%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 41854 • Number of Households: 16,077Median Household Income: 48,675 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.6% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 15% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN CLINTON COUNTY

13% 18% 17% 15%

27% 24% 27% 29%

60% 58% 56% 56%

15,988 16,000 16,052 16,077

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390271

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

14% 22% 9%

28%

18% 43%

58%

60% 48%

7,536

4,604

3,937

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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390272

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Clinton County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $493 $714Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $152 $456Taxes $227 $482

Monthly Total $1,672 $5,014ANNUAL TOTAL $20,064 $60,168Hourly Wage $10.03 $30.08

$31,200

$31,092

$41,772

$48,744 $47,520

0

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6,000

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Clinton County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Adams 855 16%

Chester 674 29%

Clark 759 34%

Green 901 46%

Jefferson 439 43%

Liberty 383 33%

Marion 2,049 44%

Richland 1,331 50%

Union 1,279 23%

Vernon 1,051 32%

Washington 764 39%

Wayne 175 25%

Wilmington city 5,176 59%

Wilson 241 39%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 103685 • Number of Households: 41,469Median Household Income: 47,864 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 8.4% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 27% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 17% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN COLUMBIANA COUNTY

17% 15% 14% 17%

29% 23% 32% 27%

54% 62% 54% 56%

42,506 42,499 42,107 41,469

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390291

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

14% 28% 10%

29% 18%

32%

57%

54% 58%

17,870

10,933

12,666

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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390292

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Columbiana County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $433 $659Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $144 $474Taxes $211 $527

Monthly Total $1,588 $5,210ANNUAL TOTAL $19,056 $62,520Hourly Wage $9.53 $31.26

$28,356

$32,784

$35,844

$36,000

$35,268

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

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Columbiana County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Butler 1,354 40%

Center 2,411 54%

East Liverpool city 4,440 63%

Elkrun 1,013 39%

Fairfield 4,134 40%

Franklin 302 33%

Hanover 1,435 43%

Knox 1,733 29%

Liverpool 1,722 40%

Madison 1,236 40%

Middleton 1,380 41%

Perry 7,020 52%

Salem 2,137 46%

St. Clair 2,955 43%

Unity 3,879 48%

Washington 904 58%

Wayne 247 33%

Wellsville village 1,507 68%

West 1,165 34%

Yellow Creek 808 39%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 36665 • Number of Households: 14,397Median Household Income: 43,380 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.4% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 31% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 14% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN COSHOCTON COUNTY

17% 17% 16% 14%

23% 26% 25% 31%

60% 57% 59% 55%

14,495 14,568 14,561 14,397

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390311

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

14% 18% 9%

31%

25% 38%

55%

57% 53%

6,450

3,692

4,255

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390312

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Coshocton County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $467 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $149 $448Taxes $220 $463

Monthly Total $1,636 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $19,632 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.82 $29.59

$26,280

$28,968

$30,900

$33,156

$46,416

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

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Coshocton County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Adams 258 34%

Bedford 192 35%

Bethlehem 424 27%

Clark 248 48%

Coshocton city 4,768 52%

Crawford 412 44%

Franklin 455 35%

Jackson 859 56%

Jefferson 632 45%

Keene 761 36%

Lafayette 1,595 39%

Linton 270 44%

Mill Creek 224 49%

Monroe 222 39%

Newcastle 152 48%

Oxford 613 26%

Perry 282 43%

Pike 248 23%

Tiverton 166 15%

Tuscarawas 707 74%

Virginia 211 38%

Washington 221 29%

White Eyes 477 32%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 42485 • Number of Households: 17,657Median Household Income: 40,563 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 7.7% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 34% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 15% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN CRAWFORD COUNTY

13% 15% 15% 15%

23% 25% 25% 34%

64% 60% 60% 51%

17,885 17,367 17,625 17,657

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390331

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

14% 22% 12%

36%

26% 35%

50%

52%

53%

7,960

4,215

5,482

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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390332

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Crawford County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $484 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $151 $448Taxes $225 $463

Monthly Total $1,660 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $19,920 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.96 $29.59

$24,720

$29,088

$35,016

$33,804

$43,188

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Crawford County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Auburn 261 31%

Bucyrus 300 32%

Bucyrus city 5,360 56%

Chatfield 245 33%

Cranberry 558 37%

Crestline village 1,876 54%

Dallas 159 11%

Galion City 4,356 59%

Holmes 462 43%

Jackson 154 60%

Jefferson 693 23%

Liberty 475 24%

Lykens 188 18%

Polk 786 38%

Sandusky 203 18%

Texas 195 43%

Tod 231 37%

Vernon 355 25%

Whetstone 800 44%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 1249352 • Number of Households: 534,355Median Household Income: 46,601 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 7.6% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 18% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN CUYAHOGA COUNTY

16% 18% 18% 18%

27% 24% 28% 29%

57% 58% 54% 53%

529,942 529,284 535,295 534,355

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

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390351

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

18% 25% 12%

31%

22% 30%

51%

53% 58%

268,982

125,310 140,063

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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390352

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Cuyahoga County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $499 $773Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $153 $544Taxes $228 $705

Monthly Total $1,680 $5,984ANNUAL TOTAL $20,160 $71,808Hourly Wage $10.08 $35.90

$37,140

$40,524

$42,756

$45,792

$57,000

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Cuyahoga County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bay Village city 6,045 18%Beachwood city 4,623 21%Bedford city 5,712 55%Bedford Heights city 5,176 53%Bentleyville village 307 9%Berea city 7,198 37%Bratenahl village 668 21%Brecksville city 5,332 23%Broadview Heights city 7,568 21%

Brook Park city 7,611 42%Brooklyn city 4,949 48%Brooklyn Heights village 582 26%

Chagrin Falls 1,879 26%Cleveland city 167,067 69%Cleveland Heights city 19,057 43%Cuyahoga Heights village 244 41%

East Cleveland city 8,213 77%Euclid city 22,303 60%Fairview Park city 7,325 37%Garfield Heights city 11,678 53%Gates Mills village 900 16%Glenwillow village 347 25%Highland Heights city 3,159 21%Highland Hills village 273 70%Hunting Valley village 246 10%Independence city 2,690 18%Lakewood city 24,465 49%Lyndhurst city 6,164 28%Maple Heights city 9,368 58%Mayfield Heights city 9,417 43%Mayfield village 1,489 22%Middleburg Heights city 6,829 34%

Moreland Hills village 1,277 10%Newburgh Heights village 892 66%

North Olmsted city 13,095 30%North Randall village 460 67%North Royalton city 12,771 31%Oakwood village 1,468 44%Olmsted 5,188 28%Olmsted Falls city 3,679 30%Orange village 1,295 18%Parma city 33,489 41%Parma Heights city 9,037 48%Pepper Pike city 2,129 9%Richmond Heights city 4,795 39%Rocky River city 8,892 29%Seven Hills city 4,888 22%Shaker Heights city 11,132 28%Solon city 8,335 20%South Euclid city 8,803 37%Strongsville city 17,598 22%University Heights city 4,481 35%Valley View village 718 24%Walton Hills village 922 23%Warrensville Heights city 6,114 58%

Westlake city 13,775 25%Woodmere village 386 50%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 52185 • Number of Households: 20,831Median Household Income: 47,043 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.1% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 37% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 11% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN DARKE COUNTY

11% 12% 13% 11%

23% 27% 29% 37%

66% 61% 58% 52%

20,736 21,016 20,929 20,831

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

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Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

12% 17% 6%

36%

28% 47%

52%

55% 47%

9,065

5,762 6,004

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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390372

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Darke County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $537 $658Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $158 $474Taxes $240 $527

Monthly Total $1,735 $5,209ANNUAL TOTAL $20,820 $62,508Hourly Wage $10.41 $31.25

$27,660

$32,808

$34,800

$42,708

$41,448

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4,000

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Darke County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Adams 1,329 40%

Allen 462 38%

Brown 807 53%

Butler 586 44%

Franklin 413 28%

Greenville 7,852 58%

Harrison 930 41%

Jackson 1,102 66%

Liberty 399 43%

Mississinawa 184 38%

Monroe 557 33%

Neave 828 53%

Patterson 408 26%

Richland 260 31%

Twin 1,537 46%

Van Buren 587 32%

Wabash 328 31%

Washington 501 38%

Wayne 1,590 39%

York 171 42%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 38488 • Number of Households: 15,378Median Household Income: 50,822 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.8% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 26% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 12% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN DEFIANCE COUNTY

14% 14% 12% 12%

22% 21% 25% 26%

64% 65% 63% 62%

15,368 15,322 15,332 15,378

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390391

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

10% 21% 7%

30%

17% 28%

60%

62% 65%

7,217

4,100 4,061

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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390392

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Defiance County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $488 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $151 $448Taxes $226 $463

Monthly Total $1,665 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $19,980 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.99 $29.59

$27,396

$37,308

$27,540

$38,304

$58,536

0

1,000

2,000

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4,000

5,000

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7,000

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Defiance County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Adams 243 27%

Defiance 5,532 44%

Delaware 829 41%

Farmer 336 37%

Hicksville 2,028 45%

Highland 846 27%

Mark 370 17%

Milford 367 18%

Noble 2,395 39%

Richland 1,188 34%

Tiffin 673 29%

Washington 571 27%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 196463 • Number of Households: 68,617Median Household Income: 101,693 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 2.3% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 19% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 6% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN DELAWARE COUNTY

7% 5% 4% 6%

17% 17% 16% 19%

76% 78% 80% 75%

63,117 65,046 66,615 68,617

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390411

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

7% 4% 7%

23%

14% 21%

70%

82%

72%

27,353 26,286

14,978

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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390412

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Delaware County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $532 $831Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $157 $552Taxes $238 $724

Monthly Total $1,727 $6,069ANNUAL TOTAL $20,724 $72,828Hourly Wage $10.36 $36.41

$37,572

$37,068

$47,712

$41,688

$54,264

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

50,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Delaware County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Ashley village 521 63%

Berkshire 1,055 16%

Berlin 2,173 18%

Brown 622 17%

Columbus City 2,264 40%

Concord 3,414 16%

Delaware 1,028 30%

Delaware City 13,653 47%

Genoa 8,444 13%

Harlem 1,547 33%

Kingston 799 19%

Liberty 9,630 16%

Marlboro 140 31%

Orange 9,651 20%

Oxford 345 42%

Porter 757 29%

Radnor 697 37%

Scioto 1,191 32%

Shawnee Hills village 289 20%

Sunbury Village 1,679 32%

Thompson 288 36%

Trenton 799 19%

Troy 765 35%

Washington 1,561 13%

Westerville City 3,232 17%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 75107 • Number of Households: 30,682Median Household Income: 48,949 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 7.5% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 12% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ERIE COUNTY

12% 10% 12% 12%

28% 27% 27% 30%

60% 63% 61% 58%

32,243 31,739 31,492 30,682

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390431

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

11% 20% 6%

34%

20% 32%

55%

60%

62%

14,147

7,213

9,322

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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390432

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Erie County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $481 $759Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $150 $487Taxes $224 $561

Monthly Total $1,655 $5,357ANNUAL TOTAL $19,860 $64,284Hourly Wage $9.93 $32.14

$30,612

$35,460

$37,692

$46,416

$33,192

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Erie County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Berlin 1,394 28%

Florence 1,063 38%

Groton 509 13%

Huron 4,533 36%

Margaretta 2,333 35%

Milan 1,203 15%

Oxford 502 25%

Perkins 4,763 31%

Sandusky city 11,264 60%

Vermilion 2,012 35%

Vermilion city 2,066 41%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 152597 • Number of Households: 55,614Median Household Income: 65,316 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 3.9% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 31% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 9% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN FAIRFIELD COUNTY

11% 10% 9% 9%

24% 24% 28% 31%

65% 66% 63% 60%

53,342 54,370 55,316 55,614

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390451

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

9% 13% 6%

33% 25%

33%

58%

62%

61%

23,546

18,224

13,844

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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390452

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Fairfield County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $532 $831Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $157 $552Taxes $238 $724

Monthly Total $1,727 $6,069ANNUAL TOTAL $20,724 $72,828Hourly Wage $10.36 $36.41

$30,744

$35,820

$34,428

$37,308

$34,332

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15,000

20,000

25,000

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Fairfield County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Amanda 988 41%

Berne 1,849 44%

Bloom 3,055 20%

Clearcreek 1,365 63%

Columbus city 3,767 52%

Greenfield 2,051 37%

Hocking 1,305 30%

Lancaster City 16,110 63%

Liberty 2,879 41%

Madison 643 44%

Pleasant 2,326 43%

Richland 710 49%

Rush Creek 1,357 46%

Violet 14,148 24%

Walnut 2,585 43%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 28719 • Number of Households: 11,666Median Household Income: 41,954 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.9% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 33% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 17% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN FAYETTE COUNTY

17% 19% 18% 17%

24% 27% 33% 33%

59% 54% 49% 50%

11,542 11,451 11,532 11,666

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390471

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

16% 26% 9%

33%

22% 46%

51%

52% 45%

5,336

3,345 2,985

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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390472

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Fayette County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $526 $742Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $156 $460Taxes $236 $491

Monthly Total $1,718 $5,055ANNUAL TOTAL $20,616 $60,660Hourly Wage $10.31 $30.33

$27,840

$33,648

$30,348

$39,984

$29,712

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Fayette County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Concord 267 35%

Green 206 31%

Jasper 301 55%

Jefferson 1,002 44%

Madison 401 26%

Marion 310 36%

Paint 736 59%

Perry 460 29%

Union 1,611 46%

Washington Court House city 5,923 57%

Wayne 449 33%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 1264518 • Number of Households: 502,932Median Household Income: 56,055 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 5.5% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 25% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 15% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN FRANKLIN COUNTY

16% 15% 16% 15%

23% 23% 24% 25%

61% 62% 60% 60%

462,716 471,438 486,877 502,932

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390491

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

13% 20% 10%

28%

21%

24%

59%

59%

66%

272,590

137,490

92,852

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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390492

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Franklin County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $532 $831Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $157 $552Taxes $238 $724

Monthly Total $1,727 $6,069ANNUAL TOTAL $20,724 $72,828Hourly Wage $10.36 $36.41

$37,296

$40,404

$43,884

$41,496

$52,368

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

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Small Firms Large Firms

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Franklin County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bexley city 4,539 23%

Blendon 3,309 32%

Brown 659 18%

Clinton 1,780 68%

Columbus city 333,183 49%

Dublin city 13,466 10%

Franklin 3,526 55%

Grandview Heights city 3,040 15%

Hamilton 3,265 47%

Jackson 16,778 32%

Jefferson 3,690 13%

Madison 9,301 33%

Marble Cliff village 266 23%

Mifflin 14,156 27%

Norwich 12,969 19%

Perry 1,370 8%

Plain 3,523 10%

Pleasant 2,542 27%

Prairie 6,250 39%

Sharon 6,808 21%

Truro 11,065 42%

Upper Arlington city 13,671 18%

Washington 1,012 27%

Westerville city 11,306 25%

Whitehall city 7,536 58%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 42466 • Number of Households: 16,240Median Household Income: 55,860 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.2% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 26% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 11% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN FULTON COUNTY

10% 12% 11% 11%

21% 21% 26% 26%

69% 67% 63% 63%

16,387 16,272 16,333 16,240

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390511

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

10% 15% 8%

27%

16% 36%

63%

69% 56%

7,405

4,801

4,034

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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390512

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Fulton County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $435 $695Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $145 $453Taxes $212 $476

Monthly Total $1,592 $4,986ANNUAL TOTAL $19,104 $59,832Hourly Wage $9.55 $29.92

$27,636

$30,600

$33,360

$76,464

$39,432

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

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Fulton County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Amboy 659 36%

Chesterfield 380 33%

Clinton 3,655 40%

Dover 606 40%

Franklin 269 38%

Fulton 1,151 34%

German 2,268 34%

Gorham 931 50%

Pike 732 30%

Royalton 578 29%

Swan Creek 3,419 36%

York 1,592 35%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 30376 • Number of Households: 11,495Median Household Income: 39,423 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 7.2% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 32% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 20% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN GALLIA COUNTY

18% 19% 20% 20%

24% 29% 32% 32%

58% 52% 48% 48%

12,196 11,497 11,502 11,495

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390531

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

15% 32% 17%

38%

19% 34%

47%

49% 49%

5,178

3,025 3,292

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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390532

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Gallia County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $467 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $149 $448Taxes $220 $463

Monthly Total $1,636 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $19,632 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.82 $29.59

$23,028

$32,472

$25,668

$21,564

$43,152

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

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Small Firms Large Firms

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Gallia County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Addison 813 52%

Cheshire 515 57%

Clay 786 39%

Gallipolis 2,111 58%

Green 1,983 47%

Greenfield 118 60%

Guyan 355 48%

Harrison 317 53%

Huntington 496 51%

Morgan 486 49%

Ohio 333 56%

Perry 601 58%

Raccoon 742 49%

Springfield 1,516 53%

Walnut 323 55%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 94060 • Number of Households: 35,519Median Household Income: 76,384 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 3.3% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 25% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 7% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN GEAUGA COUNTY

6% 8% 8% 7%

20% 25% 20% 25%

74% 67% 72% 68%

34,400 34,204 35,450 35,519

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390551

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

6% 8% 5%

26% 20% 27%

68%

72% 68%

15,219

10,000 10,300

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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390552

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Geauga County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $499 $773Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $153 $544Taxes $228 $705

Monthly Total $1,680 $5,984ANNUAL TOTAL $20,160 $71,808Hourly Wage $10.08 $35.90

$35,364

$38,172

$42,276

$40,008

$40,452

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Geauga County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Auburn 2,265 16%

Bainbridge 4,387 19%

Burton 1,704 50%

Chardon 1,814 30%

Chardon city 2,290 42%

Chester 4,138 31%

Claridon 1,150 42%

Hambden 1,793 33%

Huntsburg 1,059 36%

Middlefield 1,183 57%

Middlefield village 1,231 58%

Montville 803 34%

Munson 2,349 25%

Newbury 2,131 35%

Parkman 1,016 46%

Russell 2,186 22%

South Russell village 1,450 15%

Thompson 886 48%

Troy 1,007 42%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 164765 • Number of Households: 63,908Median Household Income: 62,018 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 3.9% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 24% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 12% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN GREENE COUNTY

14% 13% 13% 12%

19% 25% 23% 24%

67% 62% 64% 64%

62,413 62,465 64,527 63,908

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390571

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

15% 15% 4%

25%

18% 28%

60%

67% 68%

30,779

17,288 15,841

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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390572

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Greene County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $506 $743Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $154 $540Taxes $230 $695

Monthly Total $1,690 $5,940ANNUAL TOTAL $20,280 $71,280Hourly Wage $10.14 $35.64

$32,628

$39,384

$44,712

$48,000

$41,076

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

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390573

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Greene County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bath 16,361 52%

Beavercreek 21,122 23%

Bellbrook city 2,814 26%

Caesarscreek 436 16%

Cedarville 1,256 37%

Jefferson 458 41%

Kettering city 218 13%

Miami 2,290 36%

New Jasper 1,023 28%

Ross 296 28%

Silvercreek 1,409 40%

Spring Valley 1,073 31%

Sugarcreek 2,923 21%

Xenia 1,917 32%

Xenia city 10,683 55%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 39478 • Number of Households: 15,863Median Household Income: 41,566 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 9.3% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 31% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 19% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN GUERNSEY COUNTY

16% 16% 17% 19%

32% 30% 26% 31%

52% 54% 57%

50%

16,034 15,348 15,564 15,863

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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390591

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

17% 31% 9%

31%

17% 45%

52%

52% 46%

7,507

4,020 4,336

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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390592

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Guernsey County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $522 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $156 $448Taxes $235 $463

Monthly Total $1,713 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $20,556 $59,172Hourly Wage $10.28 $29.59

$28,380

$31,608

$35,628

$52,020

$32,508

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

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390593

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Guernsey County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Adams 633 33%

Cambridge 6,239 58%

Center 787 39%

Jackson 2,032 56%

Knox 244 58%

Liberty 390 38%

Londonderry 346 38%

Madison 416 40%

Millwood 407 52%

Monroe 334 45%

Oxford 364 35%

Richland 652 35%

Spencer 377 35%

Valley 771 53%

Washington 119 34%

Westland 863 35%

Wheeling 310 50%

Wills 560 32%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 809099 • Number of Households: 335,907Median Household Income: 53,229 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.5% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 27% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 15% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN HAMILTON COUNTY

17% 18% 18% 15%

23% 22% 24% 27%

60% 60% 58% 58%

324,915 328,390 335,137 335,907

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390611

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

15% 21% 9%

31%

18% 27%

54%

61% 64%

172,404

85,828 77,675

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

180,000

200,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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390612

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Hamilton County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $509 $787Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $154 $546Taxes $231 $709

Monthly Total $1,694 $6,004ANNUAL TOTAL $20,328 $72,048Hourly Wage $10.16 $36.02

$37,644

$40,872

$46,452

$46,284

$58,908

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

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390613

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Hamilton County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Amberley village 1,243 11%

Anderson 15,948 20%

Arlington Heights village 372 58%

Blue Ash city 5,143 25%

Cheviot city 3,798 57%

Cincinnati city 134,648 59%

Colerain 22,319 38%

Columbia 1,951 37%

Crosby 1,075 28%

Deer Park city 2,561 46%

Delhi 10,597 30%

Elmwood Place village 798 64%

Evendale village 1,042 13%

Fairfax village 711 39%

Forest Park city 7,114 42%

Glendale village 951 21%

Golf Manor village 1,457 57%

Green 23,036 26%

Greenhills village 1,445 43%

Harrison 5,638 32%

Lincoln Heights village 1,391 89%

Lockland village 1,444 71%

Loveland city 3,902 27%

Madeira city 3,319 19%

Mariemont village 1,424 23%

Miami 5,874 29%

Montgomery city 3,827 16%

Mount Healthy city 2,901 65%

Newtown village 1,081 27%

North College Hill city 4,118 58%

Norwood city 8,714 55%

Reading city 4,373 50%

Sharonville city 5,043 43%

Silverton village 2,440 56%

Springdale city 4,337 45%

Springfield 14,117 41%

St. Bernard village 1,815 48%

Sycamore 8,169 30%

Symmes 5,655 23%

Terrace Park village 786 13%

The Village of Indian Hill city 2,081 10%

Whitewater 2,219 41%

Woodlawn village 1,403 36%

Wyoming city 3,042 15%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 75872 • Number of Households: 31,693Median Household Income: 52,810 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 3.7% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 27% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 10% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN HANCOCK COUNTY

12% 13% 12% 10%

17% 23% 20% 27%

71% 64% 68% 63%

30,198 30,064 31,747 31,693

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390631

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

8% 18% 7%

29%

16% 36%

63%

66% 57%

15,146

8,261 8,286

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390632

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Hancock County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $464 $697Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $148 $479Taxes $219 $540

Monthly Total $1,631 $5,266ANNUAL TOTAL $19,572 $63,192Hourly Wage $9.79 $31.60

$30,900

$32,376

$33,636

$43,536

$48,480

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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390633

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Hancock County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Allen 922 24%

Amanda 359 21%

Arlington village 593 44%

Biglick 380 18%

Blanchard 492 35%

Cass 277 15%

Delaware 448 21%

Eagle 420 30%

Findlay city 18,055 43%

Jackson 389 23%

Liberty 2,849 32%

Madison 403 17%

Marion 1,127 17%

Orange 554 30%

Pleasant 959 37%

Portage 326 6%

Union 682 28%

Van Buren 344 26%

Washington 1,970 48%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 31652 • Number of Households: 11,588Median Household Income: 44,842 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 8.2% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 33% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 15% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN HARDIN COUNTY

18% 17% 16% 15%

28% 25% 28% 33%

54% 58% 56% 52%

11,816 11,655 11,438 11,588

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390651

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

15% 19% 9%

36%

27% 33%

49%

54% 58%

5,258

3,222 3,108

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390652

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Hardin County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $439 $674Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $145 $450Taxes $213 $468

Monthly Total $1,597 $4,954ANNUAL TOTAL $19,164 $59,448Hourly Wage $9.58 $29.72

$27,048

$31,128

$22,812

$47,652

$42,408

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

Small Firms Large Firms

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Hardin County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Blanchard 589 49%

Buck 789 51%

Cessna 214 32%

Dudley 459 42%

Goshen 210 47%

Hale 489 36%

Jackson 864 47%

Liberty 2,443 47%

Lynn 239 26%

Marion 908 57%

McDonald 271 50%

Pleasant 3,337 51%

Roundhead 270 31%

Taylor Creek 187 28%

Washington 319 38%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 15521 • Number of Households: 6,242Median Household Income: 44,000 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 4.6% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 31% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 16% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN HARRISON COUNTY

19% 18% 16% 16%

25% 26% 29% 31%

56% 56% 55% 53%

6,377 6,324 6,333 6,242

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390671

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

14% 25% 12%

37%

19% 32%

49%

56% 56%

2,813

1,626 1,803

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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390672

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Harrison County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $406 $658Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $141 $529Taxes $204 $666

Monthly Total $1,551 $5,815ANNUAL TOTAL $18,612 $69,780Hourly Wage $9.31 $34.89

$26,376

$22,320

$44,868

$47,820

$46,680

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

Small Firms Large Firms

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390673

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Harrison County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Athens 192 42%

Cadiz 1,332 46%

Franklin 325 33%

Freeport 338 56%

German 282 55%

Green 789 41%

Monroe 401 56%

Moorefield 245 34%

North 647 57%

Nottingham 100 44%

Rumley 672 52%

Short Creek 484 41%

Stock 137 40%

Washington 203 68%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 27890 • Number of Households: 11,035Median Household Income: 54,941 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 5.3% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 27% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 9% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN HENRY COUNTY

13% 12% 11% 9%

22% 23% 23% 27%

65% 65% 66% 64%

11,187 11,163 11,075 11,035

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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390691

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

7% 15% 8%

26% 16% 38%

67%

69% 54%

4,954

3,111 2,970

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390692

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Henry County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $467 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $149 $448Taxes $220 $463

Monthly Total $1,636 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $19,632 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.82 $29.59

$28,428

$34,956

$37,644

$20,940

$44,400

0

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5,000

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Henry County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bartlow 951 41%

Damascus 710 44%

Flatrock 447 25%

Freedom 331 34%

Harrison 534 20%

Liberty 1,029 31%

Marion 449 33%

Monroe 412 35%

Napoleon 3,902 42%

Pleasant 808 38%

Richfield 213 17%

Ridgeville 425 24%

Washington 824 27%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 43109 • Number of Households: 16,635Median Household Income: 40,593 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 9.6% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 32% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 19% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN HIGHLAND COUNTY

16% 18% 19% 19%

29% 30% 25% 32%

55% 52% 56% 49%

16,798 17,062 16,837 16,635

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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390711

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

18% 30% 12%

37%

21% 36%

45%

49% 52%

7,676

4,435 4,524

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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390712

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Highland County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $426 $658Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $144 $474Taxes $210 $527

Monthly Total $1,580 $5,209ANNUAL TOTAL $18,960 $62,508Hourly Wage $9.48 $31.25

$24,504

$27,396

$34,128

$38,544

$28,056

0

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4,000

5,000

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Highland County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Brushcreek 517 46%

Clay 472 34%

Concord 482 50%

Dodson 893 48%

Fairfield 1,390 52%

Hamer 276 51%

Jackson 308 35%

Liberty 4,143 57%

Madison 2,720 63%

Marshall 409 36%

New Market 851 45%

Paint 1,618 50%

Penn 534 34%

Salem 283 47%

Union 692 45%

Washington 562 48%

Whiteoak 485 51%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 28690 • Number of Households: 11,326Median Household Income: 43,382 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 9.1% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 32% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 16% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN HOCKING COUNTY

16% 17% 17% 16%

27% 25% 31% 32%

57% 58% 52% 52%

11,449 11,413 11,426 11,326

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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390731

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

16% 22% 10%

29%

22% 47%

55%

56% 43%

5,221

3,086 3,019

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390732

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Hocking County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $523 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $156 $448Taxes $235 $463

Monthly Total $1,714 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $20,568 $59,172Hourly Wage $10.28 $29.59

$24,600

$27,144

$29,316

$33,336

$34,776

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

Small Firms Large Firms

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Hocking County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Benton 315 32%

Falls 4,854 54%

Good Hope 502 43%

Green 1,258 56%

Laurel 524 21%

Marion 914 32%

Perry 964 46%

Salt Creek 411 58%

Starr 578 39%

Ward 530 47%

Washington 476 51%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 43702 • Number of Households: 12,500Median Household Income: 53,619 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 3.4% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 39% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 12% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN HOLMES COUNTY

15% 14% 13% 12%

50% 43% 41% 39%

35% 43% 46% 49%

11,720 12,392 12,516 12,500

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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390751

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

6% 16% 15%

48% 30%

41%

46% 54%

44%

4,585 4,969

2,946

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390752

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Holmes County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $521 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $156 $448Taxes $235 $463

Monthly Total $1,712 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $20,544 $59,172Hourly Wage $10.27 $29.59

$31,752

$34,992

$33,228

$39,624

$32,628

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Holmes County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Berlin 1,223 38%

Clark 867 59%

Hardy 2,021 62%

Killbuck 841 65%

Knox 461 55%

Mechanic 878 51%

Monroe 522 42%

Paint 967 46%

Prairie 950 38%

Richland 369 59%

Ripley 783 37%

Salt Creek 963 49%

Walnut Creek 1,007 55%

Washington 648 55%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 58704 • Number of Households: 22,521Median Household Income: 48,838 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.7% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 32% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 12% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN HURON COUNTY

13% 12% 12% 12%

22% 24% 25% 32%

65% 64% 63% 56%

22,758 22,350 22,507 22,521

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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390771

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

9% 19% 9%

36% 27%

32%

55%

54% 59%

10,318

6,462 5,741

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390772

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Huron County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $411 $658Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $142 $474Taxes $206 $527

Monthly Total $1,559 $5,209ANNUAL TOTAL $18,708 $62,508Hourly Wage $9.35 $31.25

$28,584

$36,900

$40,764

$37,764

$43,296

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Huron County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bellevue city 1,404 46%

Bronson 764 26%

Clarksfield 573 38%

Fairfield 474 37%

Fitchville 352 58%

Greenfield 538 28%

Greenwich 332 36%

Greenwich village 584 53%

Hartland 396 50%

Lyme 345 19%

New Haven 934 43%

New London 1,087 51%

Norwalk 1,332 35%

Norwalk city 6,708 51%

Norwich 376 35%

Peru 494 23%

Richmond 407 43%

Ridgefield 905 43%

Ripley 479 32%

Sherman 158 21%

Townsend 576 37%

Wakeman 1,068 46%

Willard city 2,235 53%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 32717 • Number of Households: 12,814Median Household Income: 40,330 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 11.2% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 21% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN JACKSON COUNTY

23% 22% 22% 21%

25% 27% 31% 30%

52% 51% 47% 49%

13,295 13,421 13,204 12,814

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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390791

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

18% 33% 13%

34%

19% 34%

48%

48% 53%

6,099

3,408 3,307

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390792

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Jackson County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $467 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $149 $448Taxes $220 $463

Monthly Total $1,636 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $19,632 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.82 $29.59

$23,784

$32,352

$26,712

$34,068

$36,384

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

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Jackson County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bloomfield 327 55%

Coal 706 64%

Franklin 935 41%

Hamilton 187 27%

Jackson 408 43%

Jackson city 2,901 59%

Jefferson 1,307 54%

Liberty 622 54%

Lick 1,126 55%

Madison 825 39%

Milton 359 32%

Scioto 634 52%

Washington 269 32%

Wellston city 2,208 51%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 66704 • Number of Households: 26,971Median Household Income: 44,257 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 4.9% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 32% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 16% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN JEFFERSON COUNTY

18% 16% 19% 16%

27% 25% 28% 32%

55% 59% 53% 52%

28,673 28,625 27,447 26,971

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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390811

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

18% 17% 12%

27%

33% 38%

55%

50%

50%

11,686

6,406

8,879

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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390812

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Jefferson County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $459 $658Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $148 $529Taxes $218 $666

Monthly Total $1,625 $5,815ANNUAL TOTAL $19,500 $69,780Hourly Wage $9.75 $34.89

$24,528

$31,608

$33,984

$21,516

$48,096

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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390813

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Jefferson County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Brush Creek 187 37%

Cross Creek 3,363 39%

Island Creek 4,269 48%

Knox 2,009 59%

Mount Pleasant 986 42%

Ross 222 42%

Salem 1,116 31%

Saline 442 50%

Smithfield 1,309 47%

Springfield 932 49%

Steubenville 1,843 49%

Steubenville city 7,310 57%

Warren 1,732 51%

Wayne 869 42%

Wells 1,187 58%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 60878 • Number of Households: 23,029Median Household Income: 48,619 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.1% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 15% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN KNOX COUNTY

13% 15% 14% 15%

27% 25% 30% 29%

60% 60% 56% 56%

22,866 22,311 22,642 23,029

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

lds

390831

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

13% 21% 10%

33%

22% 30%

54%

57% 60%

10,531

6,306 6,192

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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390832

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Knox County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $476 $667Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $150 $530Taxes $222 $669

Monthly Total $1,648 $5,828ANNUAL TOTAL $19,776 $69,936Hourly Wage $9.89 $34.97

$28,668

$31,152

$28,200

$32,616

$44,196

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Knox County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Berlin 762 41%

Brown 609 45%

Butler 438 57%

Clay 447 47%

Clinton 1,125 48%

College 555 33%

Fredericktown village 1,237 50%

Harrison 252 29%

Hilliar 1,312 35%

Howard 2,335 26%

Jackson 493 50%

Jefferson 207 63%

Liberty 505 30%

Middlebury 259 29%

Milford 729 24%

Miller 364 23%

Monroe 907 38%

Morgan 394 13%

Morris 681 35%

Mount Vernon city 6,941 59%

Pike 574 53%

Pleasant 516 36%

Union 1,070 47%

Wayne 317 18%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 228614 • Number of Households: 96,325Median Household Income: 61,870 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 3.9% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 27% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 9% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN LAKE COUNTY

9% 10% 7% 9%

21% 22% 25% 27%

70% 68% 68% 64%

93,928 95,087 95,116 96,325

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

lds

390851

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

8% 11% 7%

26%

20% 35%

66%

69% 58%

45,916

24,281 26,128

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

50,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390852

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Lake County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $499 $773Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $153 $544Taxes $228 $705

Monthly Total $1,680 $5,984ANNUAL TOTAL $20,160 $71,808Hourly Wage $10.08 $35.90

$33,120

$35,412

$40,704

$40,224

$48,780

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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390853

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Lake County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Concord 7,185 22%

Eastlake city 7,807 42%

Kirtland city 2,649 24%

Kirtland Hills village 269 17%

Lakeline village 108 35%

Leroy 1,256 24%

Madison 7,093 44%

Mentor city 19,542 32%

Mentor-on-the-Lake city 3,217 45%

Painesville 8,135 39%

Painesville city 7,369 54%

Perry 3,196 29%

Timberlake village 291 29%

Waite Hill village 197 18%

Wickliffe city 5,679 43%

Willoughby city 10,774 41%

Willoughby Hills city 4,501 36%

Willowick city 5,981 39%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 61503 • Number of Households: 23,243Median Household Income: 44,256 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 7.6% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 19% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN LAWRENCE COUNTY

16% 18% 18% 19%

31% 25% 27% 30%

53% 57% 55% 51%

24,182 23,408 23,622 23,243

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

lds

390871

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

18% 27% 15%

34%

14% 37%

48%

59%

48%

10,986

5,491

6,766

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390872

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Lawrence County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $406 $658Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $141 $474Taxes $204 $527

Monthly Total $1,551 $5,209ANNUAL TOTAL $18,612 $62,508Hourly Wage $9.31 $31.25

$25,044

$28,668

$30,984

$27,840

$39,840

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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390873

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Lawrence County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Aid 304 51%

Decatur 237 59%

Elizabeth 956 58%

Fayette 3,497 41%

Hamilton 763 46%

Lawrence 1,121 44%

Mason 416 35%

Perry 2,535 59%

Rome 3,281 37%

Symmes 204 50%

Union 3,365 53%

Upper 5,688 58%

Windsor 784 44%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 172198 • Number of Households: 62,898Median Household Income: 58,685 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 4.3% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 24% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN LICKING COUNTY

13% 12% 13% 13%

21% 26% 25% 24%

66% 62% 62% 63%

63,972 63,160 65,290

62,898

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

lds

390891

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

9% 21% 10%

26% 17% 30%

65%

62% 60%

27,621

18,699 16,578

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390892

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Licking County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $532 $831Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $157 $497Taxes $238 $585

Monthly Total $1,727 $5,463ANNUAL TOTAL $20,724 $65,556Hourly Wage $10.36 $32.78

$31,608

$31,968

$36,024

$31,992

$49,020

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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390893

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Licking County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bennington 545 18%

Bowling Green 615 22%

Burlington 507 20%

Eden 333 41%

Etna 5,561 20%

Fallsbury 393 47%

Franklin 890 43%

Granville 2,777 17%

Hanover 1,239 45%

Harrison 3,023 17%

Hartford 548 31%

Heath city 4,205 52%

Hopewell 461 33%

Jersey 1,102 27%

Liberty 981 9%

Licking 1,839 28%

Madison 1,146 37%

Mary Ann 853 45%

McKean 623 32%

Monroe 2,675 36%

Newark 823 30%

Newark city 19,683 56%

Newton 1,271 35%

Pataskala city 5,569 33%

Perry 598 40%

Reynoldsburg City 240 26%

St. Albans 1,056 21%

Union 3,302 43%

Washington 1,176 48%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 45388 • Number of Households: 18,720Median Household Income: 51,136 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 5.9% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 25% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN LOGAN COUNTY

13% 14% 14% 13%

25% 28% 24% 25%

62% 58% 62% 62%

18,051 18,377 18,471 18,720

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390911

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

9% 22% 9%

29%

12% 32%

62%

66% 59%

8,973

4,924 4,823

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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390912

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Logan County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $504 $711Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $153 $481Taxes $230 $545

Monthly Total $1,687 $5,287ANNUAL TOTAL $20,244 $63,444Hourly Wage $10.12 $31.72

$27,576

$35,148

$30,372

$45,888

$47,820

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

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390913

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Logan County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bokescreek 565 26%

Harrison 740 31%

Jefferson 1,194 19%

Lake 5,159 47%

Liberty 1,353 34%

McArthur 818 22%

Miami 925 47%

Monroe 599 26%

Perry 384 34%

Pleasant 567 38%

Richland 1,044 24%

Rushcreek 817 20%

Stokes 2,284 51%

Union 264 22%

Washington 1,498 48%

Zane 448 12%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 306365 • Number of Households: 117,871Median Household Income: 54,504 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 7.2% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 25% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN LORAIN COUNTY

13% 15% 14% 13%

23% 26% 27% 25%

64% 59% 59% 62%

116,475 115,670 116,551 117,871

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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390931

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

12% 16% 9%

28% 20%

25%

60%

64% 66%

50,392

34,696 32,783

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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390932

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Lorain County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $499 $773Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $153 $544Taxes $228 $705

Monthly Total $1,680 $5,984ANNUAL TOTAL $20,160 $71,808Hourly Wage $10.08 $35.90

$30,348

$34,620

$37,404

$38,304

$44,868

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

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390933

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Lorain County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Amherst 2,873 35%

Amherst city 4,666 30%

Avon city 7,798 19%

Avon Lake city 9,060 23%

Brighton 274 29%

Brownhelm 3,086 33%

Camden 749 26%

Carlisle 3,103 29%

Columbia 2,623 24%

Eaton 2,253 26%

Elyria 1,451 38%

Elyria city 22,626 53%

Grafton 951 10%

Grafton village 881 37%

Henrietta 709 28%

Huntington 498 25%

LaGrange 2,347 35%

Lorain city 25,140 57%

New Russia 917 22%

North Ridgeville city 12,249 24%

Oberlin city 2,668 42%

Penfield 661 5%

Pittsfield 557 19%

Rochester 370 39%

Sheffield 1,481 63%

Sheffield Lake city 3,575 36%

Sheffield village 1,650 26%

Wellington 2,393 42%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 432488 • Number of Households: 180,217Median Household Income: 44,534 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 7.1% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 19% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN LUCAS COUNTY

19% 21% 19% 19%

28% 23% 27% 30%

53% 56% 54% 51%

176,415 176,924 176,302 180,217

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

180,000

200,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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390951

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

18% 27% 13%

35%

22% 27%

47%

51% 60%

90,854

46,997 42,366

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

100,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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390952

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Lucas County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $435 $695Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $145 $534Taxes $212 $678

Monthly Total $1,592 $5,869ANNUAL TOTAL $19,104 $70,428Hourly Wage $9.55 $35.21

$33,060

$37,764

$37,920

$111,756

$49,128

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

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390953

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Lucas County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Harding 261 27%

Jerusalem 1,271 34%

Maumee city 5,817 35%

Monclova 4,500 18%

Oregon city 8,136 39%

Ottawa Hills village 1,610 13%

Providence 1,248 31%

Richfield 639 27%

Roche de Boeuf 1,899 24%

Spencer 729 46%

Springfield 10,410 37%

Swanton 1,187 29%

Sylvania 18,874 25%

Toledo city 118,451 60%

Washington 1,252 45%

Waterville 2,170 26%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 43537 • Number of Households: 14,809Median Household Income: 58,326 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.4% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 32% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 9% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MADISON COUNTY

11% 8% 10% 9%

32% 32% 29% 32%

57% 60% 61% 59%

14,641 14,720 14,676 14,809

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

lds

390971

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

6% 16% 7%

40% 29%

23%

54%

55%

70%

6,591

4,308 3,910

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390972

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Madison County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $532 $831Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $157 $471Taxes $238 $522

Monthly Total $1,727 $5,186ANNUAL TOTAL $20,724 $62,232Hourly Wage $10.36 $31.12

$29,844

$37,980

$34,572

$42,660

$38,628

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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390973

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Madison County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Canaan 841 26%

Darby 1,841 35%

Deer Creek 349 37%

Fairfield 563 20%

Jefferson 2,687 44%

London city 4,119 53%

Monroe 592 59%

Oak Run 218 16%

Paint 229 26%

Pike 202 34%

Pleasant 1,196 56%

Range 286 36%

Somerford 1,021 12%

Stokes 246 66%

Union 419 26%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 230008 • Number of Households: 96,998Median Household Income: 42,295 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 8.4% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 32% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 18% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MAHONING COUNTY

15% 16% 18% 18%

31% 27% 28% 32%

54% 57% 54% 50%

97,700 96,689 96,868 96,998

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

lds

390991

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

19% 26% 11%

35%

21% 35%

46%

53%

54%

45,226

21,886

29,886

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

50,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

390992

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Mahoning County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $454 $660Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $147 $529Taxes $217 $666

Monthly Total $1,618 $5,817ANNUAL TOTAL $19,416 $69,804Hourly Wage $9.71 $34.90

$29,916

$32,340

$35,124

$37,800

$34,032

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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390993

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Mahoning County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Austintown 15,528 47%

Beaver 2,334 30%

Berlin 782 39%

Boardman 17,602 40%

Campbell city 3,327 69%

Canfield 6,330 27%

Coitsville 547 40%

Ellsworth 919 31%

Fairfield 462 31%

Goshen 1,258 45%

Green 1,352 37%

Jackson 901 33%

Lowellville village 472 58%

Milton 1,561 46%

New Middletown village 658 48%

Poland 5,924 23%

Sebring village 1,867 55%

Smith 1,811 54%

Springfield 2,734 43%

Struthers city 4,157 54%

Youngstown city 26,958 72%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 65096 • Number of Households: 25,114Median Household Income: 42,826 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.1% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 34% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 14% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MARION COUNTY

19% 16% 19% 14%

25% 30% 31% 34%

56% 54% 50% 52%

25,438 24,496 24,346 25,114

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391011

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

11% 26% 9%

36% 25% 40%

53%

49% 51%

11,727

6,175

7,212

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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391012

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Marion County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $447 $724Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $146 $457Taxes $215 $485

Monthly Total $1,608 $5,028ANNUAL TOTAL $19,296 $60,336Hourly Wage $9.65 $30.17

$29,628

$33,732

$35,520

$33,348

$41,100

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Marion County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Big Island 472 49%

Bowling Green 245 29%

Claridon 983 26%

Grand Prairie 713 39%

Green Camp 410 35%

Marion 16,050 56%

Montgomery 826 56%

Pleasant 1,809 31%

Prospect 770 37%

Richland 550 26%

Salt Rock 311 33%

Scott 285 64%

Tully 369 19%

Waldo 549 20%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 177221 • Number of Households: 67,812Median Household Income: 72,618 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 3.2% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 25% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 7% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MEDINA COUNTY

8% 7% 6% 7%

18% 22% 20% 25%

74% 71% 74% 68%

66,184 65,593 66,081 67,812

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391031

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

3% 10% 9%

29% 21% 21%

68%

69% 70%

29,527

19,738 18,547

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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391032

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Medina County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $499 $773Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $153 $544Taxes $228 $705

Monthly Total $1,680 $5,984ANNUAL TOTAL $20,160 $71,808Hourly Wage $10.08 $35.90

$33,420

$35,460

$38,736

$44,376

$40,872

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Medina County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Brunswick city 13,456 36%

Brunswick Hills 3,816 29%

Chatham 806 27%

Chippewa Lake village 281 45%

Gloria Glens Park village 185 52%

Granger 1,644 22%

Guilford 1,272 32%

Harrisville 703 43%

Hinckley 2,882 26%

Homer 464 41%

Lafayette 2,186 34%

Litchfield 1,223 29%

Liverpool 1,931 28%

Lodi village 1,178 64%

Medina 3,536 21%

Medina City 10,166 42%

Montville 3,938 21%

Seville Village 981 45%

Sharon 1,860 26%

Spencer 595 40%

Spencer village 234 48%

Wadsworth 1,527 28%

Wadsworth city 8,708 36%

Westfield 995 34%

Westfield Center village 484 32%

York 1,291 25%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 23345 • Number of Households: 9,204Median Household Income: 39,640 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 11.2% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 31% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 22% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MEIGS COUNTY

19% 23% 21% 22%

29% 33% 34% 31%

52% 44% 45% 47%

9,711 9,469 9,486 9,204

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391051

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

20% 31% 14%

34%

15% 41%

46%

54% 45%

4,341

2,390 2,473

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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391052

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Meigs County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $467 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $149 $448Taxes $220 $463

Monthly Total $1,636 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $19,632 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.82 $29.59

$25,140

$23,508

$27,240

$41,412

$46,968 0

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2,000

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Meigs County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bedford 414 51%

Chester 977 30%

Columbia 397 47%

Lebanon 303 57%

Letart 275 50%

Olive 716 54%

Orange 369 34%

Rutland 933 56%

Salem 441 67%

Salisbury 2,584 64%

Scipio 605 55%

Sutton 1,190 44%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 40886 • Number of Households: 16,109Median Household Income: 55,220 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 4.7% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 26% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 9% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MERCER COUNTY

10% 10% 9% 9%

19% 24% 26% 26%

71% 66% 65% 65%

15,739 15,910 15,923 16,109

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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391071

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

8% 11% 8%

25% 17%

36%

67%

72% 56%

6,832

4,719 4,558

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

391072

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Mercer County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $490 $660Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $152 $449Taxes $226 $464

Monthly Total $1,668 $4,935ANNUAL TOTAL $20,016 $59,220Hourly Wage $10.01 $29.61

$29,148

$32,304

$38,496

$34,416

$37,644

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

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391073

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Mercer County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Black Creek 186 39%

Butler 2,492 35%

Center 477 19%

Dublin 869 41%

Franklin 1,150 36%

Gibson 679 28%

Granville 1,385 24%

Hopewell 369 23%

Jefferson 5,579 41%

Liberty 306 23%

Marion 1,134 29%

Recovery 543 29%

Union 530 47%

Washington 410 23%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 104679 • Number of Households: 41,313Median Household Income: 60,170 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 4.3% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 25% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 9% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MIAMI COUNTY

10% 14% 11% 9%

26% 21% 27% 25%

64% 65% 62% 66%

41,026 41,261 41,339 41,313

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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391091

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

7% 16% 7%

24% 23% 27%

69%

61% 66%

18,275

11,003 12,035

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

391092

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Miami County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $506 $743Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $154 $485Taxes $230 $555

Monthly Total $1,690 $5,333ANNUAL TOTAL $20,280 $63,996Hourly Wage $10.14 $32.00

$32,148

$35,268

$39,360

$38,568

$40,620

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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391093

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Miami County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bethel 1,935 35%

Brown 471 30%

Concord 12,463 42%

Elizabeth 610 32%

Huber Heights city 562 11%

Lostcreek 590 28%

Monroe 6,269 30%

Newberry 2,456 45%

Newton 1,293 33%

Piqua city 8,363 52%

Springcreek 814 24%

Staunton 719 20%

Union 4,041 40%

Washington 520 27%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 14442 • Number of Households: 5,986Median Household Income: 41,368 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.5% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 32% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 18% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MONROE COUNTY

17% 14% 16% 18%

24% 24% 26%

32%

59% 62% 58% 50%

6,174 6,071 6,056 5,986

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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391111

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

16% 28% 12%

33% 29% 33%

51%

43%

55%

2,500

1,448

2,038

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

391112

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Monroe County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $467 $658Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $149 $529Taxes $220 $666

Monthly Total $1,636 $5,815ANNUAL TOTAL $19,632 $69,780Hourly Wage $9.82 $34.89

$20,640

$26,532

$36,432

$36,528

$31,968

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

Small Firms Large Firms

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Monroe County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Adams 265 48%

Benton 128 39%

Bethel 111 33%

Center 1,691 57%

Franklin 117 59%

Green 224 46%

Jackson 208 64%

Lee 402 53%

Malaga 386 44%

Ohio 369 49%

Perry 195 47%

Salem 379 46%

Seneca 175 48%

Summit 334 35%

Sunsbury 520 42%

Switzerland 169 29%

Washington 186 49%

Wayne 127 64%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 531239 • Number of Households: 223,131Median Household Income: 46,936 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 7% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 17% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MONTGOMERY COUNTY

16% 17% 18% 17%

28% 25% 30% 29%

56% 58% 52% 54%

223,211 221,121 221,744 223,131

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391131

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

16% 27% 11%

34%

20% 27%

50%

53% 62%

106,127

57,951 59,053

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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391132

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Montgomery County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $506 $743Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $154 $540Taxes $230 $695

Monthly Total $1,690 $5,940ANNUAL TOTAL $20,280 $71,280Hourly Wage $10.14 $35.64

$34,236

$40,644

$42,396

$38,076

$45,840

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Montgomery County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Butler 3,356 24%

Clay 3,952 39%

Clayton city 4,964 27%

Dayton city 57,432 67%

Englewood city 5,719 39%

German 3,225 33%

Harrison 9,857 65%

Huber Heights city 14,456 41%

Jackson 2,290 32%

Jefferson 2,794 49%

Kettering city 24,858 42%

Miami 21,436 41%

Moraine city 2,413 49%

Oakwood city 3,488 21%

Perry 2,516 48%

Riverside city 10,311 51%

Trotwood city 10,305 61%

Union City 2,465 29%

Vandalia city 6,479 42%

Washington 24,364 28%

West Carrollton city 5,997 59%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 14857 • Number of Households: 5,932Median Household Income: 38,941 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 8.4% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 33% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 20% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MORGAN COUNTY

19% 19% 20% 20%

25% 30% 31% 33%

56% 51% 49% 47%

6,187 6,271 6,056 5,932

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391151

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

19% 32% 14%

35%

19% 42%

46%

49%

44%

2,757

1,390

1,785

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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391152

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Morgan County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $542 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $158 $448Taxes $242 $463

Monthly Total $1,742 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $20,904 $59,172Hourly Wage $10.45 $29.59

$20,532

$28,788

$43,284

$44,976

$31,764

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Morgan County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bloom 449 66%

Bristol 110 32%

Center 254 34%

Deerfield 349 34%

Homer 408 42%

Malta 724 56%

Marion 419 66%

Meigsville 348 38%

Morgan 1,089 61%

Penn 263 59%

Union 248 69%

Windsor 790 55%

York 398 51%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 35032 • Number of Households: 12,606Median Household Income: 53,032 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 5.4% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 31% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 10% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MORROW COUNTY

12% 14% 13% 10%

23% 24% 30% 31%

65% 62% 57% 59%

13,232 12,629 12,640 12,606

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391171

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

9% 15% 6%

30% 27% 39%

61%

58% 55%

5,773

3,518 3,315

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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391172

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Morrow County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $532 $831Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $157 $497Taxes $238 $585

Monthly Total $1,727 $5,463ANNUAL TOTAL $20,724 $65,556Hourly Wage $10.36 $32.78

$27,516

$27,192

$32,904

$33,060

$36,888

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Morrow County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bennington 1,067 31%

Canaan 389 29%

Cardington 1,153 51%

Chester 789 28%

Congress 971 28%

Franklin 476 39%

Gilead 2,206 49%

Harmony 942 40%

Lincoln 632 38%

North Bloomfield 637 43%

Perry 677 57%

Peru 501 41%

South Bloomfield 728 36%

Troy 404 40%

Washington 598 51%

Westfield 436 44%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 86068 • Number of Households: 34,169Median Household Income: 43,422 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.8% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 33% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN MUSKINGUM COUNTY

16% 19% 18% 13%

22% 27% 27% 33%

62% 54% 55% 54%

34,238 33,675 33,921 34,169

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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391191

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

16% 15% 8%

28%

31% 42%

56%

54% 50%

15,141

9,357 9,671

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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391192

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Muskingum County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $420 $681Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $143 $451Taxes $208 $471

Monthly Total $1,571 $4,965ANNUAL TOTAL $18,852 $59,580Hourly Wage $9.43 $29.79

$30,588

$39,204

$33,600

$41,388

$37,512

0

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4,000

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8,000

10,000

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14,000

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Small Firms Large Firms

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Muskingum County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Adams 234 30%

Blue Rock 290 28%

Brush Creek 513 59%

Cass 599 23%

Clay 397 55%

Falls 3,162 31%

Harrison 541 45%

Highland 367 19%

Hopewell 1,108 29%

Jackson 859 49%

Jefferson 712 57%

Licking 881 26%

Madison 203 50%

Meigs 117 38%

Monroe 173 33%

Muskingum 1,805 41%

Newton 2,057 41%

Perry 1,015 28%

Rich Hill 155 43%

Salem 333 40%

Salt Creek 389 35%

Springfield 2,327 49%

Union 1,225 46%

Washington 1,790 39%

Wayne 1,875 33%

Zanesville city 11,051 66%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 14429 • Number of Households: 4,863Median Household Income: 41,398 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.9% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 45% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 12% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN NOBLE COUNTY

17% 14% 14% 12%

18% 39% 44% 45%

65% 47%

42% 43%

4,904 4,804 4,916 4,863

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391211

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

10% 21% 12%

52%

31%

43%

38%

48%

45%

2,207

627

2,029

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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391212

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Noble County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $542 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $158 $448Taxes $242 $463

Monthly Total $1,742 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $20,904 $59,172Hourly Wage $10.45 $29.59

$26,052

$24,660

$34,620

$62,976

$36,204

0

200

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Noble County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Beaver 260 46%

Buffalo 327 39%

Center 402 44%

Elk 138 68%

Enoch 199 80%

Jefferson 151 92%

Marion 209 61%

Noble 768 54%

Olive 1,458 60%

Seneca 301 62%

Sharon 121 85%

Stock 150 63%

Wayne 236 53%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 40981 • Number of Households: 17,384Median Household Income: 54,580 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 5.3% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 28% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 10% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN OTTAWA COUNTY

10% 10% 9% 10%

19% 21% 21% 28%

71% 69% 70% 62%

17,385 17,495 17,366 17,384

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391231

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

9% 16% 6%

30%

23% 29%

61%

61%

65%

7,618

4,033

5,733

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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lds

391232

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Ottawa County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $487 $687Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $151 $532Taxes $225 $676

Monthly Total $1,663 $5,857ANNUAL TOTAL $19,956 $70,284Hourly Wage $9.98 $35.14

$30,264

$29,532

$37,524

$34,440

$59,304

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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391233

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Ottawa County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Allen 1,460 23%

Bay 586 49%

Benton 966 26%

Carroll 964 34%

Catawba Island 1,792 25%

Clay 1,928 36%

Danbury 2,579 40%

Erie 431 39%

Harris 1,119 32%

Port Clinton city 2,641 48%

Portage 547 42%

Put-in-Bay 276 42%

Salem 2,095 46%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 19057 • Number of Households: 7,659Median Household Income: 48,003 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.1% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 11% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN PAULDING COUNTY

11% 14% 14% 11%

23% 25% 23% 29%

66% 61% 63% 60%

7,661 7,700 7,798 7,659

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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391251

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

10% 17% 8%

30%

19% 37%

60%

64% 55%

3,441

1,998 2,220

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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391252

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Paulding County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $467 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $149 $448Taxes $220 $463

Monthly Total $1,636 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $19,632 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.82 $29.59

$26,232

$27,012

$37,584

$28,848

$38,268

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

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Paulding County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Auglaize 537 40%

Benton 401 51%

Blue Creek 306 46%

Brown 792 43%

Carryall 1,170 40%

Crane 582 35%

Emerald 250 29%

Harrison 609 25%

Jackson 742 38%

Latty 420 50%

Paulding 1,588 45%

Washington 262 35%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 35947 • Number of Households: 13,535Median Household Income: 43,674 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 9.6% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 20% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN PERRY COUNTY

19% 21% 19% 20%

24% 26% 29% 30%

57% 53% 52% 50%

13,660 13,656 13,637 13,535

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391271

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

18% 28% 13%

35%

21%

33%

47%

51% 54%

6,055

4,019

3,461

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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391272

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Perry County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $497 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $153 $448Taxes $228 $463

Monthly Total $1,678 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $20,136 $59,172Hourly Wage $10.07 $29.59

$21,420

$36,600

$27,984

$27,384

$38,016

0

500

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Perry County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bearfield 595 36%

Clayton 463 62%

Coal 441 53%

Harrison 2,012 63%

Hopewell 917 37%

Jackson 959 55%

Madison 619 45%

Monday Creek 310 69%

Monroe 554 58%

Pike 2,564 57%

Pleasant 274 42%

Reading 1,654 35%

Salt Lick 394 64%

Thorn 1,779 39%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 56804 • Number of Households: 19,173Median Household Income: 58,706 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 32% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 11% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN PICKAWAY COUNTY

12% 12% 11% 11%

29% 28% 27% 32%

59% 60% 62% 57%

19,122 19,307 19,435 19,173

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391291

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

8% 18% 10%

38% 23%

34%

54%

59% 56%

8,521

5,838

4,814

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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391292

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Pickaway County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $532 $831Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $157 $497Taxes $238 $585

Monthly Total $1,727 $5,463ANNUAL TOTAL $20,724 $65,556Hourly Wage $10.36 $32.78

$30,720

$36,984

$39,828

$31,512

$48,276

0

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Pickaway County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Circleville 981 43%

Circleville city 5,382 62%

Darby 1,280 34%

Deercreek 544 56%

Harrison 2,760 43%

Jackson 394 15%

Madison 493 40%

Monroe 441 39%

Muhlenberg 358 32%

Perry 471 57%

Pickaway 710 31%

Saltcreek 1,033 42%

Scioto 2,070 29%

Walnut 1,019 21%

Washington 1,057 35%

Wayne 180 15%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 28298 • Number of Households: 10,908Median Household Income: 41,128 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 11.1% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 19% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN PIKE COUNTY

21% 23% 23% 19%

24% 25% 27% 29%

55% 52% 50% 52%

10,689 10,865 10,944 10,908

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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391311

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

18% 26% 15%

28%

23% 35%

54%

51% 50%

5,022

3,004 2,882

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

391312

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Pike County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $488 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $151 $448Taxes $226 $463

Monthly Total $1,665 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $19,980 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.99 $29.59

$26,964

$27,408

$33,696

$53,328

$66,276

0

1,000

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4,000

5,000

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Pike County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Beaver 359 39%

Benton 625 72%

Camp Creek 445 60%

Jackson 427 30%

Marion 528 53%

Mifflin 373 42%

Newton 781 57%

Pebble 1,033 50%

Pee Pee 3,446 45%

Perry 218 47%

Scioto 601 26%

Seal 1,170 58%

Sunfish 499 31%

Union 403 56%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 161921 • Number of Households: 62,468Median Household Income: 49,695 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.2% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 28% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 15% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN PORTAGE COUNTY

16% 15% 16% 15%

20% 22% 27% 28%

64% 63% 57% 57%

61,526 59,712 61,796 62,468

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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391331

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

19% 17% 6%

30%

22% 31%

51%

61% 63%

30,636

15,534 16,298

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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391332

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Portage County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $505 $786Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $154 $546Taxes $230 $709

Monthly Total $1,689 $6,003ANNUAL TOTAL $20,268 $72,036Hourly Wage $10.13 $36.02

$31,920

$35,460

$38,100

$37,692

$42,252

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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391333

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Portage County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Atwater 914 32%

Aurora city 6,349 23%

Brady Lake village 199 52%

Brimfield 3,820 39%

Charlestown 700 45%

Deerfield 988 33%

Edinburg 945 27%

Franklin 2,365 44%

Freedom 949 41%

Garrettsville village 1,036 37%

Hiram 852 34%

Hiram village 239 42%

Kent city 10,215 58%

Mantua 1,701 33%

Mantua village 516 51%

Mogadore village 302 24%

Nelson 1,421 51%

Palmyra 1,031 26%

Paris 598 30%

Randolph 2,091 32%

Ravenna 3,653 49%

Ravenna city 5,022 61%

Rootstown 2,998 32%

Shalersville 2,063 32%

Streetsboro city 6,632 37%

Suffield 2,402 32%

Tallmadge city 105 0%

Windham 688 49%

Windham village 714 59%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 41561 • Number of Households: 16,048Median Household Income: 51,356 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.6% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 28% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN PREBLE COUNTY

10% 10% 12% 13%

25% 24% 26% 28%

65% 66% 62% 59%

16,270 16,360 16,151 16,048

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391351

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

12% 18% 9%

29% 23% 32%

59%

59% 59%

7,185

4,462 4,401

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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lds

391352

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Preble County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $450 $676Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $147 $476Taxes $216 $533

Monthly Total $1,613 $5,235ANNUAL TOTAL $19,356 $62,820Hourly Wage $9.68 $31.41

$27,300

$29,556

$31,116

$18,300

$46,092

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Preble County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Dixon 185 32%

Eaton city 3,401 56%

Gasper 1,456 27%

Gratis 1,619 32%

Harrison 1,704 39%

Israel 397 41%

Jackson 574 41%

Jefferson 1,312 46%

Lanier 1,366 46%

Monroe 826 43%

Somers 1,445 42%

Twin 1,109 31%

Washington 654 22%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 34116 • Number of Households: 13,092Median Household Income: 60,245 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 2.9% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 23% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 8% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN PUTNAM COUNTY

8% 6% 6% 8%

17% 21% 22% 23%

75% 73% 72% 69%

13,139 12,982 13,006 13,092

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391371

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

6% 11% 7%

24% 13% 33%

70%

76% 60%

5,571

4,105

3,416

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

391372

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Putnam County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $477 $672Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $150 $450Taxes $223 $468

Monthly Total $1,650 $4,952ANNUAL TOTAL $19,800 $59,424Hourly Wage $9.90 $29.71

$29,256

$30,228

$34,716

$30,132

$41,304

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Putnam County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Blanchard 378 21%

Greensburg 535 14%

Jackson 370 31%

Jennings 750 24%

Liberty 607 15%

Monroe 926 41%

Monterey 733 24%

Ottawa 3,204 35%

Palmer 316 28%

Perry 380 39%

Pleasant 1,427 29%

Riley 877 29%

Sugar Creek 338 27%

Union 1,125 22%

Van Buren 1,126 48%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 121107 • Number of Households: 48,437Median Household Income: 44,073 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 7.3% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 16% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN RICHLAND COUNTY

12% 15% 14% 16%

24% 25% 27%

30%

64% 60% 59% 54%

47,654 48,529 47,378 48,437

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391391

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

15% 24% 9%

31%

24% 36%

54%

52% 55%

23,009

12,016 13,412

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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391392

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Richland County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $484 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $151 $448Taxes $225 $463

Monthly Total $1,660 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $19,920 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.96 $29.59

$28,944

$33,912

$32,604

$37,044

$35,424

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Richland County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bloominggrove 537 28%

Butler 283 25%

Cass 573 40%

Franklin 636 36%

Jackson 1,600 46%

Jefferson 1,829 42%

Madison 4,274 55%

Mansfield city 17,737 59%

Mifflin 2,294 35%

Monroe 1,038 37%

Perry 543 47%

Plymouth 757 44%

Sandusky 422 52%

Sharon 3,816 52%

Springfield 4,440 36%

Troy 2,741 38%

Washington 2,599 31%

Weller 707 39%

Worthington 1,109 35%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 77000 • Number of Households: 28,710Median Household Income: 46,422 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.7% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 28% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 19% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN ROSS COUNTY

16% 19% 18% 19%

27% 27% 33% 28%

57% 54% 49% 53%

27,943 27,948 27,569 28,710

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391411

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

17% 27% 13%

29% 23%

30%

54%

50% 57%

12,962

8,031 7,717

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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391412

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Ross County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $465 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $148 $448Taxes $220 $463

Monthly Total $1,633 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $19,596 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.80 $29.59

$26,400

$28,152

$28,716

$32,904

$47,100

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

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391413

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Ross County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Buckskin 813 61%

Colerain 746 35%

Concord 1,683 49%

Deerfield 412 62%

Franklin 544 32%

Green 1,861 35%

Harrison 521 50%

Huntington 2,173 57%

Jefferson 332 35%

Liberty 980 33%

Paint 474 50%

Paxton 844 58%

Scioto 11,520 54%

Springfield 1,042 48%

Twin 1,339 47%

Union 3,024 37%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 59870 • Number of Households: 23,666Median Household Income: 49,032 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.3% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 27% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN SANDUSKY COUNTY

11% 12% 14% 13%

21% 25% 23% 27%

68% 63% 63% 60%

23,922 23,907 23,831 23,666

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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391431

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

11% 20% 9%

27% 21% 32%

62%

59% 59%

10,870

6,376 6,420

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

391432

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Sandusky County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $468 $658Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $149 $474Taxes $220 $527

Monthly Total $1,637 $5,209ANNUAL TOTAL $19,644 $62,508Hourly Wage $9.82 $31.25

$26,880

$31,152

$34,524

$33,300

$42,600

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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391433

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Sandusky County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Ballville 2,512 24%

Bellevue city 1,708 44%

Clyde city 2,415 38%

Fremont city 6,726 57%

Green Creek 1,471 29%

Green Springs village 275 48%

Jackson 613 27%

Madison 1,406 40%

Rice 474 30%

Riley 496 15%

Sandusky 1,486 34%

Scott 408 25%

Townsend 472 30%

Washington 953 38%

Woodville 1,288 34%

York 963 26%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 76088 • Number of Households: 29,904Median Household Income: 39,210 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.8% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 22% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN SCIOTO COUNTY

19% 22% 25% 22%

28% 28% 24% 30%

53% 50% 51% 48%

29,414 28,927 30,790 29,904

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391451

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

20% 33% 15%

37%

15% 32%

43%

52% 53%

14,497

7,448 7,959

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

391452

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Scioto County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $426 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $144 $448Taxes $210 $463

Monthly Total $1,580 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $18,960 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.48 $29.59

$24,168

$31,116

$38,112

$35,520

$34,992

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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391453

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Scioto County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bloom 1,249 58%

Brush Creek 380 35%

Clay 1,311 37%

Green 1,350 50%

Harrison 1,669 52%

Jefferson 1,101 39%

Madison 1,695 43%

Morgan 962 63%

New Boston village 1,010 76%

Nile 988 39%

Porter 3,784 41%

Portsmouth city 8,384 63%

Rarden 303 70%

Rush 1,144 52%

Union 737 29%

Valley 941 46%

Vernon 776 38%

Washington 1,994 57%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 55711 • Number of Households: 21,349Median Household Income: 48,415 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.8% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 30% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN SENECA COUNTY

11% 15% 14% 13%

24% 26% 30% 30%

65% 59% 56% 57%

22,117 21,792 21,539 21,349

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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391471

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

11% 24% 8%

34% 18%

35%

55%

58% 57%

9,823

5,764 5,762

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

391472

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Seneca County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $514 $658Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $155 $474Taxes $232 $527

Monthly Total $1,701 $5,209ANNUAL TOTAL $20,412 $62,508Hourly Wage $10.21 $31.25

$26,352

$29,952

$35,376

$29,040

$38,220

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Seneca County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Adams 582 23%

Big Spring 654 35%

Bloom 616 42%

Clinton 1,865 33%

Eden 675 35%

Fostoria city 3,589 59%

Green Springs village 267 51%

Hopewell 986 36%

Jackson 524 31%

Liberty 856 40%

Loudon 904 35%

Pleasant 518 40%

Reed 309 38%

Scipio 725 28%

Seneca 570 38%

Thompson 419 19%

Tiffin city 6,603 50%

Venice 687 38%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 48949 • Number of Households: 18,428Median Household Income: 56,169 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 5.8% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 9% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN SHELBY COUNTY

11% 12% 11% 9%

27% 22% 26% 29%

62% 66% 63% 62%

18,377 18,508 18,616 18,428

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391491

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

6% 13% 7%

34% 21%

31%

60%

66%

62%

8,271

5,674

4,483

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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391492

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Shelby County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $492 $694Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $152 $478Taxes $227 $539

Monthly Total $1,671 $5,261ANNUAL TOTAL $20,052 $63,132Hourly Wage $10.03 $31.57

$30,300

$38,616

$37,800

$49,428

$56,136

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Shelby County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Clinton 8,284 46%

Cynthian 634 32%

Dinsmore 1,238 26%

Franklin 1,268 31%

Green 368 39%

Jackson 965 39%

Loramie 910 32%

McLean 1,164 30%

Orange 389 29%

Perry 417 28%

Salem 852 29%

Turtle Creek 479 18%

Van Buren 744 27%

Washington 716 42%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 373612 • Number of Households: 152,129Median Household Income: 50,994 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 6.3% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 24% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN STARK COUNTY

13% 13% 14% 13%

27% 24% 27% 24%

60% 63% 59% 63%

149,122 150,470 149,011 152,129

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391511

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

12% 18% 9%

28%

18% 24%

60%

64% 67%

68,310

41,294 42,525

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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391512

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Stark County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $422 $684Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $143 $477Taxes $208 $535

Monthly Total $1,573 $5,246ANNUAL TOTAL $18,876 $62,952Hourly Wage $9.44 $31.48

$30,732

$35,124

$38,484

$36,564

$40,248

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

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Stark County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Alliance city 8,538 58%

Bethlehem 2,197 42%

Canton 5,238 39%

Canton city 30,542 63%

Jackson 16,840 24%

Lake 10,833 22%

Lawrence 5,396 31%

Lexington 1,988 40%

Louisville city 3,842 34%

Marlboro 1,518 21%

Massillon city 13,025 46%

Nimishillen 3,614 23%

Osnaburg 2,197 29%

Paris 2,333 35%

Perry 11,576 34%

Pike 1,588 30%

Plain 21,964 33%

Sandy 1,418 43%

Sugar Creek 2,376 37%

Tuscarawas 2,328 26%

Washington 1,750 26%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 540300 • Number of Households: 222,202Median Household Income: 52,036 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 5% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 28% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN SUMMIT COUNTY

14% 16% 13% 13%

24% 21% 26% 28%

62% 63% 61% 59%

219,997 221,175 221,568 222,202

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391531

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

13% 20% 7%

31%

21% 30%

56%

59% 63%

109,566

54,100 58,536

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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391532

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Summit County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $505 $786Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $154 $546Taxes $230 $709

Monthly Total $1,689 $6,003ANNUAL TOTAL $20,268 $72,036Hourly Wage $10.13 $36.02

$35,364

$39,624

$43,944

$42,372

$46,740

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

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Summit County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Akron city 84,385 60%

Barberton city 10,618 54%

Bath 3,589 16%

Boston 576 26%

Boston Heights village 433 13%

Clinton village 489 38%

Copley 6,711 23%

Coventry 4,986 42%

Cuyahoga Falls city 21,517 42%

Fairlawn city 3,316 28%

Green city 10,090 30%

Hudson city 7,830 11%

Lakemore village 1,248 41%

Macedonia city 4,516 18%

Mogadore village 965 36%

Munroe Falls city 2,070 33%

New Franklin city 5,545 25%

Northfield Center 2,202 14%

Northfield village 1,549 41%

Norton city 4,645 31%

Reminderville village 1,473 22%

Richfield 2,362 20%

Sagamore Hills 4,474 26%

Silver Lake village 976 20%

Springfield 5,652 42%

Stow city 14,295 31%

Tallmadge city 6,701 33%

Twinsburg 1,048 29%

Twinsburg city 7,626 28%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 201825 • Number of Households: 85,799Median Household Income: 45,552 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 5.4% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 18% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN TRUMBULL COUNTY

16% 17% 17% 18%

28% 24% 29% 29%

56% 59% 54% 53%

84,492 86,992 86,855 85,799

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

100,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391551

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

18% 31% 7%

34%

19% 30%

48%

50%

63%

40,826

19,196

25,777

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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391552

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Trumbull County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $454 $660Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $147 $529Taxes $217 $666

Monthly Total $1,618 $5,817ANNUAL TOTAL $19,416 $69,804Hourly Wage $9.71 $34.90

$26,784

$31,572

$34,008

$32,112

$48,372

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Trumbull County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bazetta 2,746 41%

Bloomfield 417 43%

Braceville 1,098 36%

Bristol 1,069 29%

Brookfield 3,736 48%

Champion 3,904 35%

Cortland city 3,059 36%

Farmington 700 34%

Fowler 989 41%

Greene 337 31%

Gustavus 396 33%

Hartford 800 28%

Howland 7,940 36%

Hubbard 5,690 45%

Johnston 714 41%

Kinsman 792 51%

Liberty 9,621 49%

Lordstown village 1,439 35%

McDonald village 1,326 41%

Mecca 1,111 37%

Mesopotamia 677 40%

Newton 4,046 48%

Southington 1,419 34%

Vernon 538 42%

Vienna 1,562 40%

Warren 2,056 54%

Warren city 17,461 65%

Weathersfield 10,792 51%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 92420 • Number of Households: 34,968Median Household Income: 50,440 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 4.5% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN TUSCARAWAS COUNTY

13% 11% 15% 13%

30% 27% 26% 29%

57% 62% 59% 58%

34,310 36,699 37,516

34,968

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391571

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

14% 14% 11%

25%

27% 36%

61%

59% 53%

15,046

9,598 10,324

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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391572

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Tuscarawas County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $461 $734Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $148 $458Taxes $219 $489

Monthly Total $1,628 $5,043ANNUAL TOTAL $19,536 $60,516Hourly Wage $9.77 $30.26

$28,428

$33,576

$31,212

$35,196

$42,300

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Tuscarawas County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Auburn 355 25%

Bucks 583 36%

Clay 725 33%

Dover 1,952 44%

Dover city 5,190 44%

Fairfield 440 17%

Franklin 2,007 38%

Goshen 2,037 41%

Jefferson 357 36%

Lawrence 2,224 28%

Mill 3,998 61%

New Philadelphia city 7,037 51%

Oxford 1,832 54%

Perry 131 28%

Rush 286 47%

Salem 671 35%

Sandy 1,235 47%

Sugar Creek 1,502 40%

Union 632 43%

Warren 560 47%

Warwick 1,167 43%

Washington 280 42%

Wayne 650 38%

York 474 41%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 53955 • Number of Households: 18,798Median Household Income: 71,282 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 3.7% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 24% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 8% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN UNION COUNTY

8% 7% 8% 8%

22% 29% 26% 24%

70% 64% 66% 68%

18,184 18,208 18,291 18,798

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391591

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

7% 8% 9%

24% 17% 37%

69%

75%

54%

8,373

6,735

3,690

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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391592

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Union County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $528 $809Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $157 $494Taxes $237 $578

Monthly Total $1,722 $5,431ANNUAL TOTAL $20,664 $65,172Hourly Wage $10.33 $32.59

$37,812

$41,796

$45,432

$45,636 $57,792

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Union County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Allen 825 17%

Claibourne 1,391 50%

Darby 801 38%

Dover 1,027 26%

Jackson 322 25%

Jerome 2,556 15%

Leesburg 631 33%

Liberty 675 27%

Millcreek 414 8%

Paris 8,156 39%

Taylor 617 27%

Union 584 27%

Washington 321 35%

York 478 24%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 28501 • Number of Households: 11,427Median Household Income: 50,547 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 5.8% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 26% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 12% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN VAN WERT COUNTY

10% 11% 12% 12%

25% 26% 31% 26%

65% 63% 57% 62%

11,398 11,331 11,388 11,427

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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391611

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

11% 16% 8%

30%

19% 28%

59%

65% 64%

5,038

3,144 3,245

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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391612

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Van Wert County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $467 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $149 $448Taxes $220 $463

Monthly Total $1,636 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $19,632 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.82 $29.59

$28,032

$25,608

$34,020

$18,768

$44,712

0

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2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

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391613

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Van Wert County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Harrison 408 26%

Hoaglin 233 45%

Jackson 190 19%

Jennings 271 35%

Liberty 615 39%

Pleasant 4,277 47%

Ridge 1,361 29%

Tully 733 32%

Union 336 12%

Washington 2,005 36%

Willshire 617 31%

York 381 48%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 13128 • Number of Households: 4,942Median Household Income: 41,080 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 10.7% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 32% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 19% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN VINTON COUNTY

20% 20% 20% 19%

25% 30% 32% 32%

55% 50% 48% 49%

5,349 5,313 5,137 4,942

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391631

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

17% 31% 9%

30% 23%

45%

53%

46% 46%

2,297

1,421

1,224

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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391632

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Vinton County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $467 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $149 $448Taxes $220 $463

Monthly Total $1,636 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $19,632 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.82 $29.59

$23,508

$71,316

$20,664

$36,552

$52,932

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

Small Firms Large Firms

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391633

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Vinton County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Clinton 708 64%

Eagle 192 63%

Elk 1,188 46%

Harrison 430 35%

Jackson 295 64%

Knox 223 54%

Madison 277 32%

Richland 617 53%

Swan 344 42%

Vinton 202 60%

Wilkesville 405 58%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 227063 • Number of Households: 82,404Median Household Income: 80,207 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 3.2% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 25% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 6% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN WARREN COUNTY

5% 6% 5% 6%

22% 18% 22% 25%

73% 76% 73% 69%

74,843 77,718 79,096

82,404

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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391651

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

7% 6% 5%

30%

17% 27%

63%

77%

68%

36,490

27,740

18,174

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

391652

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Warren County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $509 $787Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $154 $546Taxes $231 $709

Monthly Total $1,694 $6,004ANNUAL TOTAL $20,328 $72,048Hourly Wage $10.16 $36.02

$35,868

$37,944

$41,688

$73,524

$54,504

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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391653

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Warren County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Clear Creek 10,736 18%

Deerfield 14,216 27%

Franklin 12,177 47%

Hamilton 8,580 22%

Harlan 1,690 27%

Lebanon city 7,279 44%

Loveland city 294 8%

Mason city 12,009 25%

Massie 512 39%

Salem 1,754 43%

Turtlecreek 3,950 27%

Union 1,744 47%

Washington 1,110 39%

Wayne 3,415 37%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 61154 • Number of Households: 25,306Median Household Income: 44,763 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 4.7% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 27% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 16% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN WASHINGTON COUNTY

16% 15% 17% 16%

21% 26% 26% 27%

63% 59% 57% 57%

25,202 24,652 24,923 25,306

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391671

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

15% 24% 11%

33%

16% 28%

52%

60% 61%

12,082

5,907

7,317

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

391672

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Washington County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $470 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $149 $448Taxes $221 $463

Monthly Total $1,640 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $19,680 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.84 $29.59

$27,624

$33,720

$39,144

$88,800

$48,492

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Washington County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Adams 682 46%

Aurelius 222 49%

Barlow 938 34%

Belpre 1,609 38%

Belpre city 3,068 50%

Decatur 536 28%

Dunham 838 38%

Fairfield 423 27%

Fearing 349 19%

Grandview 673 54%

Independence 135 39%

Lawrence 381 69%

Liberty 267 14%

Marietta 1,942 47%

Marietta city 5,876 57%

Muskingum 1,764 25%

Newport 936 38%

Palmer 216 29%

Salem 496 38%

Warren 1,507 36%

Waterford 1,447 38%

Watertown 534 22%

Wesley 379 62%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 116470 • Number of Households: 43,277Median Household Income: 53,434 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 3.9% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 12% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN WAYNE COUNTY

12% 12% 14% 12%

26% 28% 25% 29%

62% 60% 61% 59%

41,530 42,246 42,830 43,277

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

50,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

lds

391691

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

11% 17% 9%

32% 26%

27%

57%

57% 64%

18,622

12,421 12,234

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

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391692

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Wayne County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $467 $685Child Care $– $1,375Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $149 $477Taxes $220 $536

Monthly Total $1,636 $5,248ANNUAL TOTAL $19,632 $62,976Hourly Wage $9.82 $31.49

$30,396

$34,872

$35,364

$44,676

$56,904

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Small Firms Large Firms

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391693

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Wayne County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Baughman 1,739 36%

Canaan 1,718 42%

Chester 1,086 25%

Chippewa 4,046 33%

Clinton 1,167 37%

Congress 1,699 48%

East Union 2,201 43%

Franklin 1,296 36%

Green 4,801 43%

Milton 1,094 38%

Paint 776 43%

Plain 1,196 30%

Rittman city 2,448 52%

Salt Creek 1,051 45%

Sugar Creek 2,182 31%

Wayne 1,593 32%

Wooster 2,101 39%

Wooster city 10,843 52%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 37270 • Number of Households: 15,077Median Household Income: 45,044 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 5.8% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 31% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 13% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN WILLIAMS COUNTY

11% 13% 14% 13%

25% 30% 29% 31%

64% 57% 57% 56%

14,933 14,741 15,001 15,077

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

seho

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391711

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

11% 20% 11%

34%

23% 34%

55%

57% 55%

6,976

3,995 4,106

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

seho

lds

391712

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Williams County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $467 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $149 $448Taxes $220 $463

Monthly Total $1,636 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $19,632 $59,172Hourly Wage $9.82 $29.59

$26,772

$33,444

$35,832

$41,832

$40,680

0

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8,000

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Williams County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Brady 1,054 50%

Bridgewater 608 22%

Bryan city 3,721 56%

Center 1,095 28%

Florence 823 43%

Jefferson 669 30%

Madison 335 39%

Mill Creek 330 48%

Montpelier village 1,649 50%

Northwest 549 60%

Pioneer village 742 49%

Pulaski 932 44%

Springfield 862 31%

St. Joseph 1,163 40%

Superior 545 21%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 130219 • Number of Households: 50,175Median Household Income: 60,166 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 3.9% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 25% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 12% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN WOOD COUNTY

14% 14% 15% 12%

24% 24% 23% 25%

62% 62% 62% 63%

47,242 50,219 50,731 50,175

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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391731

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

15% 10% 7%

28%

21% 23%

57%

69% 70%

24,862

13,360 11,953

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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391732

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Wood County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $435 $695Child Care $– $1,787Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $145 $534Taxes $212 $678

Monthly Total $1,592 $5,869ANNUAL TOTAL $19,104 $70,428Hourly Wage $9.55 $35.21

$31,980

$31,860

$38,148

$44,868

$42,000

0

5,000

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15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Wood County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Bloom 974 31%

Bowling Green city 11,251 59%

Center 456 18%

Fostoria city 497 71%

Freedom 1,052 27%

Grand Rapids 603 30%

Henry 1,600 45%

Jackson 302 50%

Lake 4,814 38%

Liberty 711 45%

Middleton 1,610 20%

Milton 411 33%

Montgomery 1,728 47%

Northwood city 2,179 37%

Perry 640 34%

Perrysburg 5,415 39%

Perrysburg city 8,415 23%

Plain 481 13%

Portage 622 25%

Rossford city 2,706 33%

Troy 1,518 44%

Washington 746 15%

Webster 398 18%

Weston 896 43%

2016 Point-in-Time Data

Households by Income, 2010 to 2016

Household Types by Income, 2016

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Population: 22359 • Number of Households: 9,144Median Household Income: 50,723 (state average: $52,334)Unemployment Rate: 5.5% (state average: 5.7%)ALICE Households: 29% (state average: 28%) • Households in Poverty: 12% (state average: 14%)

How has the number of ALICE households changed over time?ALICE is an acronym for Asset Limited, Income Constrained, Employed – households that earn more than the Federal Poverty Level, but less than the basic cost of living for the county (the ALICE Threshold). Combined, the number of ALICE and poverty-level households equals the total population struggling to afford basic needs. The number of households below the ALICE Threshold changes over time; households move in and out of poverty and ALICE status as their circumstances improve or worsen. The recovery, which started in 2010, has been uneven across the state. Conditions have improved for some families, but with rising costs, many still find themselves struggling.

What types of households are struggling?The way Americans live is changing. There are more different family and living combinations than ever before, including more adults living alone, with roommates, or with their parents. Families with children are changing: There are more non-married cohabiting parents, same-sex parents, and blended families with remarried parents. The number of senior households is also increasing. Yet all types of households continue to struggle: ALICE and poverty-level households exist across all of these living arrangements.

ALICE IN WYANDOT COUNTY

10% 11% 12% 12%

23% 24% 26% 29%

67% 65% 62% 59%

9,179 9,408 9,327 9,144

0

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6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

2010 2012 2014 2016

Hou

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Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

11% 13% 12%

25%

24% 41%

64%

63% 47%

4,309

2,374 2,461

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

Single or Cohabiting Families With Children 65 and Over

Hou

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391752

Poverty ALICE Above ALICE Threshold

…and wages lag behindEmployment and wages vary by location; firms generally pay higher wages in areas with a higher cost of living, although those wages still do not always cover basic needs. Employment and wages also vary by firm size: Large firms tend to offer higher wages and more job stability; smaller businesses can account for more jobs overall, especially in rural areas, but may pay less and offer less stability. Medium-size firms pay more but typically employ the fewest workers.

Private-Sector Employment by Firm Size With Average Annual Wages, 2016

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Note: Municipal-level data on this page is for County Subdivisions. Municipal-level data relies on 5-year averages and is not available for the smallest towns. Since there are missing geographies, totals will not match county-level numbers.

Why do so many households struggle?The cost of living continues to increase…The Household Survival Budget reflects the bare minimum that a household needs to live and work today. It does not include savings for emergencies or future goals like college. In 2016, costs were well above the Federal Poverty Level of $11,880 for a single adult and $24,300 for a family of four. Family costs increased by 26 percent statewide from 2010 to 2016, compared to 9 percent inflation nationally.

Sources: 2016 Point-in-Time Data: American Community Survey. ALICE Demographics: American Community Survey; the ALICE Threshold. Budget: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bureau of Labor Statistics; Internal Revenue Service; Tax Foundation; and Ohio Department of Job and Family Services, 2016.

Household Survival Budget, Wyandot County

SINGLE ADULT 2 ADULTS, 1 INFANT, 1 PRESCHOOLER

Monthly CostsHousing $542 $658Child Care $– $1,187Food $182 $603Transportation $349 $697Health Care $214 $800Technology $55 $75Miscellaneous $158 $448Taxes $242 $463

Monthly Total $1,742 $4,931ANNUAL TOTAL $20,904 $59,172Hourly Wage $10.45 $29.59

$26,088

$28,008

$33,984

$54,204

$46,728

0

500

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Firm Size by Number of Employees

Wyandot County, 2016

Town Total HH % ALICE & Poverty

Antrim 532 45%

Crane 3,296 49%

Crawford 1,874 36%

Eden 385 37%

Jackson 216 33%

Marseilles 137 14%

Mifflin 279 32%

Pitt 368 31%

Richland 365 37%

Ridge 168 35%

Salem 429 32%

Sycamore 699 39%

Tymochtee 396 32%