Slide 1

Plant-Like ProtistAutotrophic protists = algaePhotosynthetic algae are the most important primary producers of the worlds freshwater and marine ecosystemsMany are microscopic and some are huge: kelpFew cause disease : toxic blooms of dinoflagellates cause red tides and some cause shellfish poisoningCharacteristic2ClassificationChlorophyta (Green Algae)Rhodophyta (Red Algae)Phaeophyta(Brown Algae)Chrysophyta(Golden Algae)Chlorophyta(Green Algae)

They have Chlorophyl Inside chloroplast there is pirenoid (protein granul)Phylum Chlorophyta organization : Unicellular , Filamentous , Colonial , Bi-layerUlva lactuca picturePeranan ganggang hijau dalam kehidupan :a. Menguntungkan :- sebagai plankton dan merupakan komponen penting dalam rantai makanan air tawar.- dapat dipakai sebagai makanan, misal Ulva dan Chlorella.- penghasil O2 dari proses fotosintesis yang diperlukan oleh hewan-hewan air.b. Merugikan :- ganggang hijau dapat mengganggu bila perairan terlalu subur, sehingga air akan berubah warna dan berbau. Peranan Alga HijauUnicellularChlamidomonas

Chlorella6FilamentousSpirogyra has spiral-shaped chloroplastsZygnema2 Star-shaped chloroplasts per cells

Colonial

a colonial Green Algae VolvoxMother colony with Daughter coloniesMother colony Daughter colonies

a bi-layered Green Algae Ulva (sea lettuce)Bi-layer

Ulva lactucaUlva fasciataRhodophyta (Red Algae)

Halymenia pictureThey are found in warm or cold marine environments along coast lines in deeper water.They absorb green, violet, and blue light waves. Have phycoerythrin (red pigment)Peranan Alga MerahEucheuma spinosum, Gracilaria, Gelidium merupakan penghasil agar-agar.

Eucheuma spinosum

Gelidium latifolium

Gracilaria sp.

Dictyota sp.Phaeophyta(Brown Algae)

They are found in cool saltwater along rocky coasts.Giant Kelp are the largest and most complex brown algae. They have holdfasts and air bladders.Have chlorophyll and fucoxanthin (brown pigment).Peranan Alga CoklatPenghasil asam alginat, sebagai bahan campuran es krim, cat, obat-obatan, lateks sintetisSumber iodium dan kaliumSebagai makanan ternak

Fucus vesiculosus

Sargassum sp.

Turbinaria sp.

Laminaria setchelliiChrysophyta (Golden Algae)

Have green pigment covered by caratenoid pigment (ficoxanthin).Example : Diatom. The body with 2 layers : a box composed of chitin (hypotheca), a cover composed of silica (epitjeca)The case is utilized as polisher material. Dead diatoms will form sediment of diatom soil.Diatome : dapat dipakai sebagai penyerap nitrogliserin pada bahan peledak, sebagai campuran semen,sebagai bahan penggosok.Peranan Alga Keemasan

Navicula radiosa

Vaucheria sp.

Ochromonas sp.

AsterionellaTabellariaReproductionSexual ReproductionAsexual ReproductionCell divisionFragmentationThe formation of asexual sporeIsogamyHeterogamyOogamy

Phylum Dinoflagellataex. Peridinium

Red Tide- results from a bloom of Peridinium