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Civil Society @ICANN:Role and Engagement

25 November 2017Moscow

Alexandra KulikovaHead of Global Stakeholder EngagementICANN

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ICANN

• ICANN coordinates the Internet's address book• The systems ICANN coordinates help you find things on the Internet and connect with friends and colleagues

• Computers/devices work with numbers, humans remember letters and names

• The Domain Name System (DNS) coordinates names and the corresponding numbers

• Names and numbers must be unique • Unique assignment creates the global, unified, single Internet

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)

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Who are stakeholders?

Stakeholders?• Democracy: all affected individuals and the right to vote

• Multistakeholder: all affected perspectives representedo Challenge: achieving representation and meaningful participation

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Typical stakeholders today

• Government• Private Sector• Civil Society

• International Organizations• Internet Technical Community• Academic Community• Internet end users(ICANN)

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First ideas about the multistakeholder model

Characteristics• Issue specific stakeholder organizations• Decentralised and international• Bottom-­up• Not monolithic, evolving

• Larry Strickling (2015)multistakeholder approach involves the full involvement of all stakeholders, in consensus-­based decision-­making, operating in an open, transparent and accountable manner

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Characteristics – multistakeholder approach

• Bottom-­up: stakeholders define issues, identify and devise solutions (anyone missing?)

• Consensus based: decisions acceptable with widespread support, and no strong or reasoned opposition (can you live with it?)

• Inclusive, open, participative and diverse: avoidance of barriers and reduce disadvantage (capacity building)

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Characteristics – multistakeholder approach

• Transparent: documented processes following agreed procedures, decisions explained, accessible

• Accountable: decisions and decisions making processes justifiable, mechanisms of review and redress, checks and balances

• Supportive of meaningful participation: Actively seek to involve stakeholders, enable participation in processes

• Flexible: future oriented and able to accommodate change

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Challenges – multistakeholder approach

• Balancing stakeholders interests (ensuring no over-­dominance of one) and resourcing decisions

• Representing the interests of those who are marginalized, voiceless, unable to be at the table

• Stakeholder attention and contribution (volunteers vs. non-­volunteers)

• Sustainable working relationship based on trust, mutual respect, open communication and understanding about each other’s strengths and weaknesses

• Ensuring that the long-­term interest of the public is not harmed by negotiated outcomes among stakeholders

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What does ICANN do?

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IANA Stewardship Transition Focused on delivering a proposal to transition the stewardship of the IANA functions to the multistakeholder community

Enhancing ICANN AccountabilityFocused on ensuring that ICANN remains accountable in the absence of its historical contractual relationship with the U.S. Government

ICANN's Mission

Coordinates the allocation and assignment of names in the root zone of the Domain Name System

Facilitates the coordination of the operation and evolution of the DNS root name server system

Coordinates the allocation and assignment at the top-­most level of Internet Protocol numbers and Autonomous System numbers

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4

Ensuring the stable and secure operation of the Internet's unique identifier systems

Coordinates the development and implementation of policies concerning the registration of second-­level domain names in generic top-­level domains (gTLDs)

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Technical Partners

Coordinating with our technical partners, we help make the Internet work

The Internet Corporation for AssignedNames andNumbers

Internet Engineering TaskForce

DomainName System Operators

Root Server Operators

African Network Information Center

Asia Pacific Network Information Centre

Latin America andCaribbean Network Information Center

International Organization for Standardization

World Wide Web Consortium

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

American Registry for Internet Numbers

Réseaux IP Européens Network

Coordination Centre

Internet Service Providers

net

ation

Reg

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Other Partners

We all work together in different ways to help make the Internet work

TheAnti-­PhishingWorking Group

Organization for Economic

Co-­operation and Development

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural

Organization

The Internet Society

Internet Governance Forum

Messaging, Malware and Mobile Anti-­AbuseWorkingGroup

The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers

Diplo Foundation

World Intellectual Property

Organization

International Organisation of La Francophone

Regional Internet

Governance Forums

African Telecommunication Union

United Nations Economic and Social Commission of Western Asia

American Telecommunicatio

n Commission

European Conference of Postal

and Telecommunications Administrations

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What is ICANN’s Multistakeholder Community?

Volunteer-­based, open collection of global stakeholders working together through bottom-­up processes to give advice, develop and make policy recommendations, conduct reviews, and propose implementation solutions for common problems within ICANN’s mission and scope.

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How Does the Multistakeholder Model Work?

Policy recommendations are developed and refined by the ICANN community through its Supporting Organizations (SOs) and influenced by Advisory Committees (ACs).

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Where does Civil Society fit in ICANN

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Civil Society in ICANN

Within ICANN, affected stakeholders include:

Civil Society includes not-­for-­profit and non-­governmental organizations, activists, as well as researchers, academics and non-­commercial end-­users with an interest in the development and deployment of the Internet and public policy related to the DNS

Large and small

businessesCivil society Researchers &

academicsGovernmentsTechnical community End

users

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ICANN's Global Multistakeholder Community

Business

Government & Governmental Organizations

CIVIL SOCIETY(NON COMMERCIAL,

NON PROFIT)Domain NameIndustry

Internet Users

Academic

Technical

• Private-sector companies• Trade associations

• National governments• Distinct economies recognized in

international fora• Multinational governmental and treaty

organizations• Public authorities (including UN agencies

with a direct interest in global Internet Governance)

• Academic leaders• Institutions of higher learning• Professors• Students

• Protocol developers• Equipment and software

developers• Network operators• Technical researchers

• Non-governmental Organizations• Non-profits• Non-commercial Users• Think Tanks• Charities

• Registries• Registrars• Domain organizations

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POLICY / ADVICE

The ICANN Community At Work

Security & StabilityAdvisory Committee

Address Supporting Organization

GovernmentAdvisory Committee

Country Codes Names Supporting Organization

Root Server SystemAdvisory Committee

The Bottom-­Up Multistakeholder Model

Business Government & Governmental Organizations

Non Profit –Non Commercial

Domain NameBusiness

Internet Users Academic Technical

At-Large Community Civil Society

(individual Internet users)

Generic Names Supporting Organization

Civil Society (Non–Commercial Stakeholder Group)

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The ICANN Community At Work – Civil Society

Civil Society and the Bottom-­Up Multistakeholder Model

Generic Names Supporting Organization

POLICY / ADVICE

At-Large Community

Business Government & Governmental Organizations

Non Profit –Non Commercial

Domain NameBusiness

Internet Users Academic Technical

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The At-­Large Community

At-­Large is a community representing the interests of Internet end-­Users

• over 200 At-­Large Structures (ALS) around the world• an ALS is a group representing the views of individual Internet users (computer clubs, consumer associations, Internet Society Chapters.)

• ALS should be organized so that participation by individual Internet users predominates

• ALS are regionally organized constituent bodies of the At-­Large Community – they are organized into five Regional At Large Organisations (RALOs)

• ALS can be not-­for-­profit organizations, technical or academic groups, many ALS self-­identify as civil society organizations

• ALS support and promote individuals' understanding of, and participation in ICANN

• Unaffiliated individuals can join RALOs

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The At-­Large Advisory Committee (ALAC)

What does it the ALAC do?

• Provides policy advice on ICANN public comment requests• Issue comments on any subject, process, structure, policy or topic in ICANN affecting Internet users it deems important to comment on

• Issue comments about any external process linked to ICANN and which affects Internet users

• Takes part in cross-­community working groups (CWGs/CCWGs) within ICANN

• Conducts capacity development for ALS and Internet end users• Relays the ICANN message to Internet Users around the world

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At-­Large: Comments By Topic

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ICANN At-­Large

All you need to know aboutIndividual end-­users in ICANNhttp://atlarge.icann.org

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Civil Society and ICANN Supporting Organisations: GNSO

• The Non-­Commercial Stakeholder Group (NCSG) is one of the formal stakeholder groups of ICANN

• It can initiate policy development within ICANN's Generic Names Supporting Organization (GNSO)

• The NCSG provides a voice and representation in the GNSO and other ICANN policy processes to non-­profit organizations and individuals who are primarily concerned with the noncommercial, public interest aspects of domain name policy

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NCSG Constituencies: NCUC and NPOC

The NCSG has two differently focused constituencies:

• the Non-­Commercial Users Constituency (NCUC) u focuses on gTLD policy development, Internet governance policy, protecting noncommercial communication and consumer protection, civil liberties and human rights

• the Not-­for-­profit Operational Concerns Constituency (NPOC)

u interested in operational concerns related to ICANN and the Domain Name System, such as domain name registration, expansion of the Domain Name System, and Domain Name System and fraud and abuse

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Non-­Commercial Users Constituency (NCUC)

Africa 97Asia Pacific 122Europe 129Latin American & Caribbean 58North America 116Unknown 24

• Created in 1999 as one of the founding constituencies in ICANN to ensure the representation of non-commercial users and their interests

• Currently 546 members, from 115 different countries, 119 organizations and 427 individuals (June 2017)

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NCUC: information and contact

Website: http://www.ncuc.org/Twitter: @NCUCContact: ncuc@ncuc.org

Join: http://www.ncuc.org/participate/become-­a-­member/

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Not-­for-­profit Operational Concerns Constituency (NPOC)

Africa 17Asia Pacific 13Europe 17Latin American & Caribbean 7North America 13Unspecified 2

• Created in 2011 in response to a general evolution to improve the operations and structure of the GNSO

• Currently 69 member organizations (December 2016)

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Not-­for-­profit Operational Concerns Constituency (NPOC)

• NPOC focuses on the practical implications of DNS polices on the operational readiness and implementation of non-commercial missions and objectives, for example:• domain name registration, expansion of the DNS,

fraud and abuse• developing capacity and opportunities for Not-For-

Profit organizations to take full advantage of the DNS• Who should join: Not-for-profit and non-governmental

organizations that operate primarily for non-commercial purposes

• (organisations)

http://www.npoc.org/

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Civil society in ICANN today: Issues

• Freedom of expression• Multilingual Internet• Human rights• Development and use of the DNS• Privacy and data protection• Trademarks and access to knowledge• Jurisdiction• Accountability and transparency

more … but as the touch on ICANN's mission

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ICANN Learn

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ICANN Learn

¤ ICANN Learn presents education and training, across a wide variety of topics that pertain to ICANN, to better educate stakeholders in the ICANN ecosystem.

¤ It is an online platform that is free to access and free to create course content to share with fellow ICANN community members.

¤ ICANN Learn is currently available in the six UN languages.

Learn more

learn.icann.org

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Fellowship/NextGen/Newcomer Programs

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Programs Available

FellowshipGlobal Capacity Building Program to support ICANN’s Multistakeholder community;; online application process 3x year around an ICANN Meeting (1 Mtg for Alumni only)

NextGen NewcomerRegionally based Program to create awareness and promote future discussions within universities and other regional forums;; online application process 3x a year around an ICANN Meeting

Those just entering the ICANN community can self-­educate using the Newcomer webpage or participate in person or remotely at the ICANN Meeting Newcomer Sunday

Watch Fellowship and NextGen video:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nrV_ZkDEfIQ

Watch Newcomer video:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=da1RQt9-­e-­g

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How NextGen Differs From Fellowship

The Fellowship program focuses on capacity building and fast immersion into the ICANN Community, bringing approximately 60 fellows to (2) ICANN meetings and 40 to (1)

Meeting, which is the ‘Alumni only’ Policy Forum Meeting. Fellowship candidates must be at least 21 years of age with no other age limit;; priority is interest in continuing engagement as a volunteer in the Multistakeholder

Model after meeting the other selection criteria

The NextGen@ICANN programfocuses on education, awareness and future engagement. Applicants must be between the ages of 18 and 30, live and be enrolled in some type of higher learning curriculum within the region that the ICANN Meeting is being held. Approximately 20-­30 eligible

candidates selected per meeting to engage in customized, topical

discussions

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Fellowship

Opportunity to interact with each ICANN Community Leaders in “private” setting;; Alumni form a bond to enable continuous post Meeting networking and support in their ICANN journey

NextGen NewcomerOrchestrated interaction with community and staff to encourage future engagement. Must create a 10 minute presentation to share at the Meeting, demonstrating their expertise and ideas related to Internet Governance

A structured learning experience whether participating at a Meeting or remotely, so as to feel welcomed and ready to participate and engage in ICANN activities going forward

The Unique Qualities Of Each

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Fellowship

Travel, accommodations and stipend provided to defer some costs associated with attending the Meeting

NextGen Newcomer

Travel, accommodations and stipend provided to defer some costs associated with attending the Meeting

No funding offered but opens the door to communication and learning through engagement@icann.organd ICANN Learn

How Program Funding Works

Visit us at icann.org

Engage with ICANN

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Engage with ICANN

Thank You and Questions

Email: adam.peake@icann.org

ICANN and Civil Societyhttps://www.icann.org/resources/pages/civil-­society