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Alexander III of Macedon

(the Great)Birth to Invasion of Persia

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The Main Characters Philip II King of Macedonia, his father

Olympias 4th wife of Philip II, mother, Dionysian, Epirote

princess

Parmenion -- ~64 when Alexander becomes King, trusted

general of Philip II and Alexander; son Philotas in the army with

him. Cleitus (the Black) Macedonian officer, 39 when Alexander

becomes King

Hephaestion by far the dearest of all the kings friends a

boyhood friend, fellow soldier; compared with Patroclus toAlexander/Achilles

Ptolemy slightly older boyhood friend of Alexander, one of his

most trusted generals, future Egyptian pharaoh (Ptolemy I

Soter Savior)of Ptolemaic Dynasty

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Main Characters, Page 2

Memnon of Rhodes husband to Barsine (dead brothers wife/loverof Alexander; child Heracles) and Greek mercenary general in AsiaMinor; loyal and intelligent, but not trusted by Darius III

Roxanne of Bactria future wife of Alexander (327), protected byOlympias after Alexanders death; one child, Alexander IV

Stateira II daughter of Darius III, captured at the Battle of Issus in333, wife of Alexander (324); she and her sister murdered byRoxanne in 323, and had their bodies thrown into a well.

Stateira I wife of Darius III, most beautiful woman on Earth;captured at Issus, dies 332 in childbirth/ father (?)

Sisygambis mother of Darius III, captured at Issus, refuses toreturn to her son at Gaugamela, dies sealed in her own room fromgrief and starvation upon hearing of Alexanders death.

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Temple of Artemis @

Ephesus

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Olympias

Bloodline to Molossos of EpirusAndromache (consort of

Neoptolemus (Pyrrhus)/former wife of HectorAchilles

Domineering mother, cult of Dionysius 4th wife of Philip, married in 359 BC, originally named Myrtale;

name changed as recognition of Philips victory in Olympic

Games of 356 BC.

Brother, Alexander I, ruled Epirus

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Tutors

Early tutor, Leonidas Chastised Alexander for throwing toomuch spice on the altar.

332 BC, Alexander takes Gaza 15 tons of myrrh sent to Leonidas

Aristole Studied in Platos Academy in Athens

at age 18 Paid by Philip, tutored Alexander and

other pupils (was ~38 at the time) Taught Alexander rhetoric, literature,

sciences, medicine, ethics,government, music, poetry, logic.

Established the Lyceum in Athens in335 BC

Great nephew, Callisthenes,accompanies the invasion into Persiaas official Historian

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Bucephalus

Alexanders personal horse Name means ox-head

Afraid of his own shadow until Alexander tames

him (age 10) by turning him into the Sun.

Dies in 326 BC, around 28-30 yrs of age

City founded nearby, named Bucephala

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Of Buchephalas and Alexander, Arrian

wrote:

In former days, he had shared with Alexandermany a danger and many a weary march. No oneever rode him but his master, for he would never

permit anyone else to mount him. He was a bighorse, high-spiriteda noble creature. He was

branded with the figure of an ox-head, whence hisnamethough some have said that the namecame from a white mark on his head, shaped likean ox. This was the only bit of white on his body,all the rest being black. In Uxia, once, Alexanderlost him, and issued an edict that he would kill

every man in the country unless he was broughtback, as he promptly was. The story is evidenceboth of the fear which Alexander inspired and ofhis devotion to Bucephalas.

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Battle of Chaeronea

338 BC, in central Greece; Philip vs. Athens and Thebes Alexander put in charge of right wing/Companion Cavalry

Alexander rushes into the gap between them; Macedonian victory

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Trouble in Paradise

Philip marries Macedonian princess, Kleopatra in 337, wife #8 Niece of Attalus, officer and nobleman in army

Dinner toast incident/Olympias left for Epirus, Alexander toIllyria

Spring 336, Attalus and Parmenio lead advance force across the

Hellespont Philip to Delphi

Wreathed in the bull, all is done.

Summer 336, Philip arranges marriage; daughter Kleopatra (withOlympias) to King Alexander of Epirus (brides uncle)

Celebration in theatre in Aegae, October 336 Philip is escorted on one side by Alexander III, and Alexander I of Epirus

Captain of Royal Guard, Pausanias, stabs him when Philip is alone Pausanias runs to prepared horses, but trips, falls, and is killed by Philips

bodyguards

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