Alexander the great
Transcript of Alexander the great
ALEXANDER’S PARENTS OLYMPIA
OLYMPIAALEXANDER’
ALEXANDER’S MOTHERS MOTHER
PHILIPPHILIP
ALEXANDER’ALEXANDER’
S FATHERS FATHER
Why “the Great”?Why “the Great”?In ten years, Alexander of In ten years, Alexander of Macedonia created the Macedonia created the largest empire in the largest empire in the world up to that timeworld up to that timeAlexander spread Greek Alexander spread Greek culture, ensuring cultural culture, ensuring cultural diffusion and the survival diffusion and the survival of the qualities of classical of the qualities of classical GreeceGreece
Alexander one of the greatest Alexander one of the greatest military geniusesmilitary geniuses
He ascended to the Macedonian He ascended to the Macedonian throne and reestablished his throne and reestablished his position in Greeceposition in Greece
Campaign against the PersiansCampaign against the Persians Greeted as a deliverer in Egypt, Greeted as a deliverer in Egypt,
he founded the city of Alexandria he founded the city of Alexandria and became pharaohand became pharaoh
As a statesman and ruler he had As a statesman and ruler he had grandiose plans but the order grandiose plans but the order was largely nullified by his death was largely nullified by his death
Accession to the throne
In 336 BC, King Philip was assassinatedAlexander ascended to the Macedonian throne Surrounded by enemies at home and threatened by
rebellion abroadExecution of his enemies, restored Macedonian
rule in ThessaliaReestablished his position in Greece and was
elected by a congress of states at Corinth
HERITA
GE OF
HERITA
GE OF
THE K
ING
THE K
ING
In the s
pring of 3
36 BC, king Philip
s was
In the s
pring of 3
36 BC, king Philip
s was
assa
ssinat
ed by a
young M
aced
onian
noble
assa
ssinat
ed by a
young M
aced
onian
noble
Pausa
nias, d
uring th
e wed
ding cere
mony i
n
Pausa
nias, d
uring th
e wed
ding cere
mony i
n
Aegae
.
Aegae
.
His dre
am of
conquer
ing the P
ersia
n
His dre
am of
conquer
ing the P
ersia
n
Empire
now la
ys on
his su
cces
sor, h
is so
n -
Empire
now la
ys on
his su
cces
sor, h
is so
n -
Alexan
der III
.
Alexan
der III
.
Alexan
der III
now bec
omes
KING of
Alexan
der III
now bec
omes
KING of
Maced
onia.
Maced
onia.
Bucephalus
He mourned his loss and named a city in his honor
O my son, look thee out a kingdom equal to and worthy of thyself, for Macedonia is too little for thee.'
Alexander on his favorite horse,Bucephalus
RULES OF ALEXANDERRULES OF ALEXANDER
Philip was murdered in 336 B.C. by an assassin…maybe hired by his wife, Olympia…
So Alexander was only 20
when he became king of
Macedonia
Philip was actually raised in Philip was actually raised in Thebes as a hostage and so was Thebes as a hostage and so was familiar with Greek military familiar with Greek military tactics. Philip changed them. tactics. Philip changed them. Introducing the Macedonian Introducing the Macedonian
phalanx.phalanx.
FIRST ACHIEVEMENTS OF ALEXANDER
At age 16 Alexander was called to Macedonia to put down a Thracian rebellion. Distinguishing himself, Alexander stopped the rebellion, stormed the rebel’s stronghold and renamed it Alexandroupolis, after himself.
Philip’s death caused series of rebellions among the conquered nations and the Illyrians, Thracians, and Greeks saw a chance for independence.
He defeated them one by one in 336 B.C., when he was only 20 year old)
Alexander’s forces of over 40,000 crossed at the Dardanelles into Asia, where he declared that the whole of Asia would be won by the spear
While in Egypt, AlexanderWhile in Egypt, Alexander had visited the temple of had visited the temple of Amon-RaAmon-Ra The oracle proclaimed that The oracle proclaimed that
Alexander was the divine son of Alexander was the divine son of Amon-Ra and destined to rule Amon-Ra and destined to rule the worldthe world
Conflicts arose with his Greek Conflicts arose with his Greek soldiers as he adopted Persian soldiers as he adopted Persian dress & demanded to be dress & demanded to be recognized as a godrecognized as a god
`
Alexander fought against the Alexander fought against the Indian king Porus in the Punjab Indian king Porus in the Punjab region of ancient India. region of ancient India.
With the help of Sisikottos, With the help of Sisikottos, Alexander the Great conquered Alexander the Great conquered a powerful Indian ruler in 326 a powerful Indian ruler in 326 BC/BCE.BC/BCE.
Like most rulers, Alexander Like most rulers, Alexander himself depicted in his own himself depicted in his own currency.currency.
Alexander made Babylonia Alexander made Babylonia the capital of his Empirethe capital of his EmpireHe married one of Darius’ He married one of Darius’ daughters and “encouraged” daughters and “encouraged” 10,000 of his soldiers to take 10,000 of his soldiers to take Persian wivesPersian wivesHe died the following year at He died the following year at 33 before he could produce 33 before he could produce an heir and his kingdom was an heir and his kingdom was divided among 3 of his divided among 3 of his generalsgenerals
Securing a legacy
FACTS OF ALEXANDERFACTS OF ALEXANDERFirst king to be called “the
Great”Conquered Persian Empire
and annexed it to MacedoniaAristotle was his boyhood
tutor and mentorAlexander’s only possible
heir (son Alexander IV) would be born after his death and the other was the son of a concubine not a wife.
END OF THE GREATGREAT
Alexander died in the palace of Alexander died in the palace of Babylon. He was one month Babylon. He was one month short of 33 years of age. short of 33 years of age. Various theories have been Various theories have been proposed for the cause of his proposed for the cause of his death. which including death. which including poisoning, or sickness that poisoning, or sickness that followed a drinking party, or a followed a drinking party, or a relapse of the Malaria which he relapse of the Malaria which he had contracted in 336 B.C.had contracted in 336 B.C.
Alexander's death has been a Alexander's death has been a mystery over the centuries. mystery over the centuries. What is certain is that What is certain is that Alexander died of a high fever Alexander died of a high fever on June 11, 323 B.Con June 11, 323 B.C