[Alex] Construction Machineries [Instructor]
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1
CONSTRUCTIONMACHINERIES
By: ENGR. ALEXANDER B. TRILLANAOSH CONSULTANT
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AGENDA
Objectives
Introduction
Crane
Types
Operators Qualification & Certification
Inspection & Testing
Load Calculating & Rated Capacity
Work near Electric Power lines
Typical Construction Equipment
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Hoist
Types
Inspection & Testing
Rated Capacity
Conveyor
Types
Inspection
AGENDA
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Standard Operational Procedure
Inspection & Testing Certificate / Sticker
Preventive Maintenance
Operating Procedure
Lock Out & Tag Out System
Permit to Install
AGENDA
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o The facilitators may be interrupted at anytime for
questions and clarifications.
o Flexibility of time for each session.
o Cellular phones should be set to silent or vibra-mode
during the sessions.
HOUSE RULES
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OBJECTIVES
To learn the various mechanizedequipment and their requirements
To learn the basic riggingcalculations
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INTRODUCTION
Cranes, Hoists, and Conveyors areusually utilized to transfer a certainobjects, such as raw materials,products, etc., from one place toanother.
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This lift should have been stopped before it got this far
HI-PO ACCIDENT
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HI-PO ACCIDENT
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HI-PO ACCIDENT
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HI-PO ACCIDENT
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HI-PO ACCIDENT
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HI-PO ACCIDENT
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HI-PO ACCIDENT
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15Slewing Ring Failure
HI-PO ACCIDENT
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Pick and carry
operation!
HI-PO ACCIDENT
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Broken Wind Shield
Hit by a bundle of rebars
during off-loading from
the delivery truck.
HI-PO ACCIDENT
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Crane SafetyHI-PO ACCIDENT
O CC
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Crane Safety
A good example ofsheer laziness and
putting others at risk
The operator wastold to move
materials and set up
correctly, this took
approximately 8minutes.
HI-PO ACCIDENT
HI PO ACCIDENT
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Crane Safety
The result of this
accident/operator
crushed, died of injuries
sustained Out riggers not fully
extended.
Lifting out of radius
Poor supervision
Note lack of
outrigger extension
HI-PO ACCIDENT
HI PO ACCIDENT
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Crane SafetyHI-PO ACCIDENT
HI PO ACCIDENT
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Crane Safety
A good example ofinexperience or unsafecrane operation
Possible reasons
Load drifted out ofradius/Windy conditions
Crane not level
Weight gauge not working.
Unknown weight
Ground collapse
Operator inexperience
HI-PO ACCIDENT
HI PO ACCIDENT
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Crane Safety
Extra beams loaded on the outriggers for
added lifting capacity
HI-PO ACCIDENT
HI PO ACCIDENT
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Crane & Rigging Failures
How much time have you got to get out of the way?
When the lifting attachments fails or the crane tips
over, there is no time to move out of the way.
Usually it happen when your looking the other way.
HI-PO ACCIDENT
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HI-PO ACCIDENT
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HI-PO ACCIDENT
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HI-PO ACCIDENT
HI O ACCI N
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HI-PO ACCIDENT
HI PO ACCIDENT
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Arrow shows pivot point on Portal crane legs. All lifting
should have been carried out using top beam.
Whole PictureHI-PO ACCIDENT
HI PO ACCIDENT
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Legs on portal crane
moved in this
direction once lifted
from the bottom
beam.
Employee was
standing here
and was
trapped by
bottom beam
Mast had moved sidewayHI-PO ACCIDENT
S i d i j i
HI PO ACCIDENT
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Workers legs
trapped in between
pipes and bottom
beam of crane. 60
ton assisting crane
hook and slinging
point opposite
injured worker
Sustained injuriesHI-PO ACCIDENT
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HI-PO ACCIDENT
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CRANE TYPES
Mobile Crane
Tower Crane
Barge Crane
Overhead Traveling Crane
Etc.
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MOBILE CRANE [CRAWLER-LATTICE BOOM]
MOBILE CRANE [CRAWLER LATTICE BOOM]
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MOBILECRANE [CRAWLER-LATTICE BOOM]
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MOBILE CRANE [TRUCK MOUNTED-LATTICE BOOM]
MOBILE CRANE
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MOBILE CRANE[TRUCK MOUNTED-TELESOPIC BOOM]
MOBILE CRANE
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MOBILE CRANE[ROUGH TERRAIN-TELESOPIC BOOM]
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TOWER CRANE
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TOWER CRANE
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BARGE CRANE
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BARGE CRANE
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BARGE CRANE
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BARGE CRANE
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BARGE CRANE-CLAMP SHELL
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Overhead Traveling
h d l
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Overhead Traveling
h d l
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Overhead Traveling
h d li
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Overhead Traveling
OPERATORS QUALIFICATION
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OPERATOR S QUALIFICATIONAND CERTIFICATION
Vision Test 20/30 in one eye & 20/50 in theother (corrected & uncorrected), normal depthperception, field of vision & color vision.
Sufficient strength, endurance, agility,coordination & responsiveness to meet thedemands of the equipment operation.
Adequate Hearing
OPERATORS QUALIFICATION AND
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OPERATOR S QUALIFICATION ANDCERTIFICATION
No physical defects or emotional disorders.
No evidence of seizures or loss of physicalcontrol.
LTO license & TESDA Certificate.
INSPECTION & TESTING
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INSPECTION & TESTING
Third Party Inspection
Accredited Agency by DOLE-BWC.TUVBAYERN
Yearly or After Modification, Alteration,Repairs, Transfer or Re-install
Load Testing = 125% Above the max. load
Internal Inspection
Before using on site
Monthly
INSPECTION & TESTING
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INSPECTION & TESTING
Internal Inspection
Items:
Hoisting & Lowering
Trolley Travel
Swing Motion
Brakes & Clutches
Limit-Locking & Safety Devices
INSPECTION & TESTING
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INSPECTION & TESTING
Internal Inspection
Items:
Assembly, Foundation & Erection Control Operations
Running Gear & Drives
All other Mechanism pertinent to the safeoperation of the equipment.
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Jib or Boom & Fly Jib
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Boom Stops
Boom stops are telescoping,
shock absorbing, or hydraulic-type safety devices designed
and installed in a manner to
stop or shut off power to the
boom controls. The purpose ofthe boom stops is to prevent
the boom from being raised to
a point where the center of
gravity is shifted to the rear of
the crane causing the boom to
fall backwards over the crane
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Jib Angle Indicator Jib Angle Indicators are
required to indicate the angleof the boom tip from the basesection on a horizontal plane.They may be either mechanical(activated by gravity) or
electronic, with a displayreadout in the cab. Accuratereadout of boom angledetermines load capacity andworking radius.
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Slew Ring
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Winch Drum
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Head Sheaves
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Falls
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Main Hook Block & Sheaves
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Main Block & Spare Bond
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Anti Two Block
When activated stops the cranes winch
drums immediately
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Crane Hook Ball
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Outrigger
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Counterweight
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Crane Condition
A well maintained machine.
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Crane Condition
A well maintained machine
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Crane Condition
An example of a poorly maintained crane.
Machines that look like this invite attention.
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Crane Condition
No kinks or broken
strands on winch
wire. Running true
onto the drum
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Crane Condition
Measuring internal Gape to establish distortion. All
information such as gape size will be found in the
Operators manual.Technical Specifications.
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Crane Condition
Diameter of rope
indicates wear andrenewal
No broken strands
in the lay
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Crane Condition
Spare bond.
Badly rusted
Broken strands
Worn diameter
Kinks
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Crane Condition
Trust your instincts they are usually right.
Hydraulic Leaks from jib rams
Broken tail lights
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Rope Sockets
Rope termination points
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Incorrect Use
This wedge and socket is
positioned incorrectly thelive wire should be on the
opposite side.
Acceptable Method
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Acceptable Method
LOAD CALCULATION
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LOAD CALCULATION
Load Weight Check from name plate or tag.
By weighing scale.
By mathematical computation.
CRANE CAPACITY
Mobile Crane
By radius & boom length
Tower Crane
By radius
WORK NEAR ELECTRIC POWERLINES
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WORK NEAR ELECTRIC POWERLINES
Minimum Safe Approach Clearance
Up to 125,000 volts...3m 126,000 to 250,000 volts4.5m
Over 250,000 volts.7.5m
TYPICALCONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
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WSO/LCM/BOR 82
LOADER
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BACHOE-LOADER
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BACHOE-LOADER
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BULLDOZER WITH RIPPER
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BULLDOZER
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BULLDOZER
BACKHOE CONVERTED ONTO BREAKER
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BACKHOE CONVERTED ONTO BREAKER
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BACKHOE
BACKHOE
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BACKHOE
BACKHOE
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NO MORE EQYUIPMENT REQUIRED
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NO MORE EQYUIPMENT REQUIRED
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NEW EXCAVATOR
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NEW EXCAVATOR
WORLD'S BIGGEST EXCAVATOR
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NEW EXCAVATOR
Built by KRUPP of Germany 45,500 tons
95 meters high 215 meters long
FORKLIFT
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FORKLIFT Hydrogen Fuel
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y g
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TELEHANDLER
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TELEHANDLER
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TELEHANDLER DISCOVERY
Tipper Truck Control
NOBODY GETS HURT
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Trucks are only allowed to dump on flat, even
compacted ground.
Tipper Truck Control
EVERY ONE EVERY DAY EVERY TASK
CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT
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8/9/2013 119
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HI-PO ACCIDENT
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HI-PO ACCIDENT
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HI-PO ACCIDENT
DOZER REVERSING
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DOZER REVERSING
HI PO ACCIDENT
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HI-PO ACCIDENT
Case Studies: Barzan Early Site Works
NOBODY GETS HURT
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Case Studies: Barzan Early Site Works
EVERY ONE EVERY DAY EVERY TASK
HI-PO ACCIDENT
Barzan Early Site Works
NOBODY GETS HURT
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Barzan Early Site Works
EVERY ONE EVERY DAY EVERY TASK
HI-PO ACCIDENT
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HI-PO ACCIDENT
Accidents can happen at any time
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pp y
HI-PO ACCIDENT
Tipper Truck Control
NOBODY GETS HURT
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NEVER CLIMB AVEHICLE TO CLEAR
A STUCK LOAD
EVERY ONE EVERY DAY EVERY TASK HI PO ACCIDENT
Tipper Truck Control
NOBODY GETS HURT
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NO OVERLOADING
TIPPER TRUCKS
EVERY ONE , EVERY DAY , EVERY TASK HI PO ACCIDENT
Tipper Truck Control
NOBODY GETS HURT
HI-PO ACCIDENT
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TWO TRUCKS ARE NOT ALLOWED TO TIP TOGETHER
SIDE BY SIDE. THEY SHOULD BE AT LEAST 25 METERS
APART.
EVERY ONE EVERY DAY EVERY TASK
Safe work practices: Exclusion zones
NOBODY GETS HURT
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RESPECT EXCLUSION ZONES
AND KEEP OTHERS AWAY
EVERY ONE EVERY DAY EVERY TASK HI PO ACCIDENT
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Discuss the HazardHI PO ACCIDENT
HI-PO ACCIDENT
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NOBODY GETS HURT
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This is the roller operator
The victim water bottle is here
EVERY ONE EVERY DAY EVERY TASK HI PO ACCIDENT
Safe work practices: Blind spots
NOBODY GETS HURT
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DO NOT STAND IN BLIND SPOTS!
EVERY ONE EVERY DAY EVERY TASK HI PO ACCIDENT
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HI PO ACCIDENT
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HI PO ACCIDENT
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HI PO ACCIDENT
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HI PO ACCIDENT
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HI PO ACCIDENT
Safe Work Practices:Overhead hazards
NOBODY GETS HURT
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Always
check for
overheadhazards
EVERY ONE EVERY DAY EVERY TASK HI PO ACCIDENT
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HI PO ACCIDENT
Safe work practices: Line Of Fire
NOBODY GETS HURT
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0
DO NOT PUT
YOURSELF IN
HARMS WAY!
EVERY ONE , EVERY DAY , EVERY TASK HI PO ACCIDENT
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Previous ccident
HI PO ACCIDENT
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Previous ccident
HI PO ACCIDENT
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Previous ccident
HI PO ACCIDENT
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Previous ccident
HI PO ACCIDENT
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HI PO ACCIDENT
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Vehicle reversing accident!
HI PO ACCIDENT
HOIST TYPES
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Personnel Hoist
Material Hoist
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INSPECTION & TESTING
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Third Party InspectionAccredited Agency by DOLE-BWC.ACEL
Every 6 mos. or After Modification, Alteration,Repairs, Transfer or Re-install
Internal Inspection
Before using on site
Monthly
INSPECTION & TESTING
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Internal Inspection Items:
Design and Installation
Warning Notice & Operating Rules Hoist way enclosure Tower Anchorage Cage Enclosure
Door Interlocks Overhead Protection
INSPECTION & TESTING
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Internal Inspection Items:
Over speed safety devices Emergency stop switch Controls Maximum speed Maximum safe working load
Travel limit stops Hoist ropes Trained operator
CONVEYOR TYPES
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Guard Screw Conveyor
Roller Conveyor
Belt Conveyor
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INSPECTION
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Stop Watch Stop Pull Cable
Audible Warning Signal
Suitable Guards, IE, Catch, Nets, Side,Panels, Etc.
Conveyor Motor Control
Danger & Warning Signs
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STANDARD OPERATIONALPROCEDURE
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Inspection & Testing
Certificate & Sticker
Color coding for lifting gears
Preventive Maintenance
Operating Procedure
Lock Out & Tag Out Systems
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January to March
April to June
July to September
October to December
RED:
GREEN:
BLUE:
YELLOW:
Page 31 of 65
DOS & D0NTS ON CONVEYORS
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Dont
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ignore theLOTO
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PERMIT TO INSTALL
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Obtain the permit to install from the
building official.
END OF MODULE:CONSTRUCTION
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MACHINERIES
THANK YOU