Reasons why people Reasons why people drinkdrink::Parameters for determining Parameters for determining good vs. bad reasons:good vs. bad reasons:

Is it legal?Is it legal?Does it hurt you or someone Does it hurt you or someone else?else?Does it lead to problems?Does it lead to problems?

There is There is NONO good good reason for drinking…reason for drinking…

DRUG vs. BEVERAGEDRUG vs. BEVERAGE

without without RESPONSIBILITYRESPONSIBILITY!!

StatisticsStatistics: : *on test*on test

*66% All Auto Accidents *66% All Auto Accidents *50% Fatal Auto Accidents*50% Fatal Auto Accidents37% Suicides40% Snowmobile Accidents

ALCOHOLALCOHOL (C(C22HH55OH)OH)

65% Fire deaths*85% Rapes*85% Rapes*85% HIV / teen pregnancies*85% HIV / teen pregnancies70% Child Abuse70% Homicides68% Drownings

56% Assaults/Fights in home50% Skiing accidents71% Accidental poisoning55% All arrests

Characteristics of Characteristics of Alcohol:Alcohol:Depressant-slows down CNSDepressant-slows down CNS““Empty Calories”- 150 Empty Calories”- 150 cal/drink cal/drink (“beer (“beer gut / beer butt”)gut / beer butt”)

““Proof”-amount of alcohol Proof”-amount of alcohol drinkdrink

(2 times the % of alcohol)(2 times the % of alcohol)

Adults:Adults: 18% light18% light68% Drink 68% Drink 38% moderate38% moderate

12% heavy12% heavy32% Abstain completely32% Abstain completelyNYS NYS 9-129-12 = 52% do = 52% do notnot drink drink 12th = 37% binge/month12th = 37% binge/monthGCS GCS 88thth=60% have =60% have nevernever tried tried 91% are not regular users91% are not regular users

Oxidation of alcoholOxidation of alcohol::

Alcohol is Alcohol is oxidizedoxidized in the in the LIVERLIVER at the rate of at the rate of 1 drink 1 drink (1/2 oz.(1/2 oz. alcoholalcohol) per) per hour hour..The 2 The 2 end-productsend-products of of alcohol are alcohol are carbon dioxidecarbon dioxide and and waterwater..

Which will Which will get youget you

IntoxicatIntoxicated ed faster?faster?

Standard serving sizesStandard serving sizes:: DRINK SIZE % ALCOHOL OZ. ALCOHOL

Beer 12 oz. 4 - 6% .48 = 1/2 oz.Wine 4-5 oz. 12% (21%) .48 = 1/2 oz.Liquor 1-11/2 oz. 40-50% .40-.50= 1/2 oz.

Factors that determinedetermine the effects of alcohol:

body size, weightbody size, weight

how much you drinkhow much you drink

how fast you drinkhow fast you drinkhow much you’ve eatenpast experiences

what you expect and want from drinking (psychological)where you drink (atmosphere)how you feel (emotionally)body chemistryother drugstolerance

Short-term,immediate, Short-term,immediate, negative effects: negative effects:

**Underage = $50 **Underage = $50 *Adults who supply to minor = *Adults who supply to minor = $500/90days$500/90daysLegal fees=$1500-$7500Legal fees=$1500-$7500

““Man, they were right, this is really Man, they were right, this is really fun!”fun!”

Long-term Long-term effectseffects: : stomach (ulcers and cancer), stomach (ulcers and cancer), pancreas, cirrhosis of liver, pancreas, cirrhosis of liver, high blood pressure, low blood high blood pressure, low blood sugar, heart damage, brain sugar, heart damage, brain damage, development of damage, development of alcoholism, malnutrition, alcoholism, malnutrition, alcohol psychosis,alcohol psychosis,

FFetal etal AAlcohol lcohol SSyndrome: yndrome:

-lower size, weight-lower size, weight-mental retardation/learning -mental retardation/learning disabilitiesdisabilities-heart defects -heart defects -birth defects.-birth defects.

Australian PSA - Very Intense

Drinking and DrivingDrinking and Driving::66% of all auto accidents66% of all auto accidents50% of all 50% of all fatalfatal auto auto accidentsaccidents23,000 people die each yr.23,000 people die each yr.80% of all fatalities were 80% of all fatalities were people who were people who were NOT NOT drinking (18,400) (innocent drinking (18,400) (innocent victims)victims)

18-24 yr. olds have the 18-24 yr. olds have the highest rate of alcohol-highest rate of alcohol-related fatalities.related fatalities.535,000 injuries each 535,000 injuries each yearyear1 death every 22 minutes1 death every 22 minutes

Not everyone involved Not everyone involved in a DWI accident dies. in a DWI accident dies. WarningWarning: This video : This video about Jacqui Saburido about Jacqui Saburido is very graphic….is very graphic….

““FACTS FACTS NOTNOT FEELINGS!” FEELINGS!”

(Designated Driver – when?)(Designated Driver – when?)Methods to establish BACMethods to establish BAC:breathalyzer, blood, urine breathalyzer, blood, urine teststests

Long before you “feel” or “act” Long before you “feel” or “act” intoxicated, it is already unsafe intoxicated, it is already unsafe and illegal to drive.and illegal to drive.

Drinking and DrivingDrinking and Driving: : (Section E)(Section E).05-.07% = DWAI.05-.07% = DWAI (driving while (driving while abilities abilities impaired) .08% impaired) .08% (3/1/03)(3/1/03) = DWI = DWI (driving while (driving while

intoxicated) .20% intoxicated) .20% (.22% average level of those arrested!) (.22% average level of those arrested!) .40% .40% = unconscious(pass = unconscious(pass out)out)911911 .50% = coma .50% = coma

.60% = death .60% = death

DWAIDWAI=$300-500, 15 days jail, =$300-500, 15 days jail, 90 90 days suspended days suspended licenselicenseDWIDWI=$500-1000, 1 yr. jail, 6 =$500-1000, 1 yr. jail, 6 months revoked license, 6 months revoked license, 6 months ignition months ignition interlock system.interlock system.(Under 21=lose license 1 yr. or (Under 21=lose license 1 yr. or until until 21, whichever is 21, whichever is longest)longest)

Zero ToleranceZero Tolerance=Any amount =Any amount under under 21=lose license 6 21=lose license 6 months, $125 fine, $100 fee to months, $125 fine, $100 fee to reinstate. reinstate. (‘96)(‘96)

County STOP DWI ProgramCounty STOP DWI Program: : ½ $, no jail, conditional license, ½ $, no jail, conditional license, classes…deterrent?classes…deterrent?

The typical cost of a DWI in NYS The typical cost of a DWI in NYS includes: insurance increase, includes: insurance increase, lawyer, Stop DWI Program, towing, lawyer, Stop DWI Program, towing, surcharges, conditional license, surcharges, conditional license, reinstatement fees… =reinstatement fees… = $9,200$9,200!!

Leandra’s Law - NYS-If arrested for Leandra’s Law - NYS-If arrested for DWI with person in car under 16 DWI with person in car under 16 yrs. old = class E Felony = 1-4yrs., yrs. old = class E Felony = 1-4yrs., $5,000$5,000

Arrested=Automatic loss of licenseArrested=Automatic loss of license

One night of fun…? One night of fun…? PSAPSA

How to How to STOPSTOP DWI DWI?: car ignition/ankle bracelet

Legal Consequences in Other Legal Consequences in Other CountriesCountriesAustralia – (.05) names sent to papers for 10 days Australia – (.05) names sent to papers for 10 days “He’s drunk and in jail”“He’s drunk and in jail”South Africa – 10 yrs. prison, $10,000South Africa – 10 yrs. prison, $10,000Turkey – Taken 20 miles from town to walk backTurkey – Taken 20 miles from town to walk backFinland/Sweden – Automatic jail one yr. of hard Finland/Sweden – Automatic jail one yr. of hard laborlaborRussia – License revoked for life.Russia – License revoked for life.England – 1 yr. suspension, $250 fine, 1 yr. jailEngland – 1 yr. suspension, $250 fine, 1 yr. jailBulgaria – (.03) A second conviction = executionBulgaria – (.03) A second conviction = executionEl Salvador – First offense = execution by firing El Salvador – First offense = execution by firing squad squad Empire Safety CouncilEmpire Safety Council

Australian PSA – Very Intense

AlcoholismAlcoholism: (Section D)

*A disease in which a person’s *A disease in which a person’s use of alcohol use of alcohol interferesinterferes negatively in any area of negatively in any area of his/her life (job, school, family); his/her life (job, school, family); and once he/she starts and once he/she starts drinking, they drinking, they lose controllose control and and cannot cannot stopstop..““Recovering Alcoholic” - an Recovering Alcoholic” - an alcoholic who is no longer alcoholic who is no longer drinking.drinking.

-17 million adult alcoholics -17 million adult alcoholics -4.5 million teen -4.5 million teen alcoholics -each alcoholics -each alcoholic affects 20 others alcoholic affects 20 others -ratio male:female = 2:1 -ratio male:female = 2:1 -1 in 8 drinkers is an -1 in 8 drinkers is an alcoholic -costs $100 alcoholic -costs $100 billion each yr. -billion each yr. -Denial / RationalizationDenial / Rationalization

How to helpHow to help:Refer toRefer to:: (alcoholic)(alcoholic) (family)(family) Alcoholics AnonymousAlcoholics Anonymous MentalMental HealthHealth/Alcohol/Alcohol Abuse Abuse Special HospitalSpecial Hospital Alanon Alanon Adult Children of Alcoholics Adult Children of Alcoholics Alateen Alateen Clergy Clergy

Children of Alcoholics Children of Alcoholics (COA)(COA)•Hero-Hero- Oldest, super achiever, Oldest, super achiever,

workaholic, sense of failureworkaholic, sense of failure•Scapegoat-Scapegoat- Takes blame, Takes blame,

failure at school, troublemaker failure at school, troublemaker •Lost Child-Lost Child- Quiet, well-behaved, Quiet, well-behaved,

fears anger or conflictfears anger or conflict•Mascot-Mascot- Youngest, entertaining, Youngest, entertaining,

able to divert family’s attention able to divert family’s attention

Adult Children of Adult Children of AlcoholicsAlcoholics

•Afraid of intimate relationshipsAfraid of intimate relationships– Hard to establish trustHard to establish trust

•Afraid of AuthorityAfraid of Authority– Difficulty parentingDifficulty parenting

•Controlling & OverprotectiveControlling & Overprotective•Want to provide a better lifeWant to provide a better life

– Jealousy?Jealousy?